scholarly journals Phosphate sequestration and recovery from eutrophication water by in situ magnesium phosphate formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226-2236
Author(s):  
Fazhi Xie ◽  
Kang Song ◽  
Shixiong Geng ◽  
Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Magnesium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xps Characterization

Abstract Phosphate removal from eutrophic lakes has caused wide concern in the world, while an effective process is still lacking. A novel synthetic magnesium carbonate with spherical flower-like structure (MCSF) was prepared. Its performance for phosphorus adsorption from a eutrophic lake by in situ magnesium phosphate formation was tested and characterized. The effect of initial phosphorus concentration, adsorption time, adsorption dose, temperature, ionic strength and pH on phosphorus adsorption by MCSF was investigated. Results showed that higher initial phosphorus concentration and longer adsorbing time could improve the adsorption capacity. The maximum sorption capacity was 143.27 mg/g under initial pH value 7.0. The phosphate adsorption process was fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameter values revealed that the sorption process at 298–318 K was spontaneous and endothermic. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization of MCSF revealed that electrostatic attraction and chemical conversion were the major contributors for phosphate adsorption. MCSF releases magnesium ions from its surface and rapidly combines with phosphate to form insoluble magnesium phosphate precipitate. The prepared MCSF has the potential to be used for the restoration of eutrophic lakes by removing phosphate with higher adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Phosphate adsorption onto bagasse iron oxide biochar: Parameter optimization, kinetic analysis, and study of mechanism

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1335-1357
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Yan-mei Ding ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Jing-xi Li ◽  
Mei-na Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bet Specific Surface Area ◽  
Ph Range

This study combined chemical ultrasonic modifications and microwave oven heating to prepare a novel adsorbent, bagasse iron oxide biochar, (BIBC) to remove phosphate from aqueous solutions. The characterization of BIBC was made by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, and the mechanism of phosphorus adsorption on BIBC was researched by adsorption batch experiments with emphasis on pH, dosages of BIBC, initial phosphorus concentration, and adsorption time. The BIBC’s BET specific surface area and pore volumes were 81.94 m2 g−1 and 26.74 cm3 g−1, respectively. The pH for the optimal phosphorus adsorption by BIBC ranged from 5.0 to 7.0. The maximum adsorption capacities of phosphorus (according to the Langmuir model) were 3.62, 4.06, and 4.32 mg g-1 at temperatures of 25, 35, and 45 °C, respectively. Electrostatic interaction, surface adsorption of phosphorus on BIBC, and ion exchange were the main mechanisms of phosphorus adsorption. According to XPS results, Fe2p was involved in the adsorption reaction. The adsorption of phosphorus by BIBC is considered to be mainly chemical adsorption. The BIBC was stable under a pH range from 4.0 to 10.0 and secondary pollution did not result.

scholarly journals Bentonite surface modification and characterization for high selective phosphate adsorption from aqueous media and its application for wastewater treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yaghoobi-Rahni ◽  
B. Rezaei ◽  
N. Mirghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Modified Bentonite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Better Than

Raw and modified bentonite has been used to develop effective sorbents to remove phosphate from aqueous solution. Acid thermoactivation, Rewoquate, Irasoft, calcium, Fe and Al were employed to treat the bentonite. Results show that samples adsorption capacity for phosphate is in the order of, unmodified bentonite = acid thermoactivation < Rewoquate < calcium ≅ Irasoft < Fe < Al ≅ Fe-Al. The phosphate adsorption with Fe-Al-bentonite (FAB) modification was more than 99% and the phosphate removal reached the peak value in the initial 30 min. The phosphate adsorption of FAB was pH independent in the range of 2–10. The common coexisting ions in wastewater have no effect on the phosphate adsorption. The phosphate adsorption results were very well fitted in the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 8.33 mg P/g at pH 6.5 for 1 hour, which was better than similar modified bentonite with low time and Fe-Al consumption. FAB was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared. Therefore, the results confirm that FAB is a selective phosphate sorbent and environmentally friendly for its potential application for phosphate removal from wastewater.

scholarly journals Performance and adsorption mechanism of a magnetic calcium silicate hydrate composite for phosphate removal and recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 578-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Peng ◽  
Hongliang Dai ◽  
Yifeng Wu ◽  
Zheqin Dai ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrate ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Separation Technique ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal And Recovery

Abstract A novel magnetic calcium silicate hydrate composite (Fe3O4@CSH) was proposed for phosphorus (P) removal and recovery from a synthetic phosphate solution, facilitated by a magnetic separation technique. The Fe3O4@CSH material was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta-potential and magnetic curves. The chemical composition and structure of Fe3O4@CSH and the successful surface loading of hydroxyl functional groups were confirmed. Phosphate adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic experiments showed that adsorption reaches equilibrium at 24 h, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 55.84 mg P/g under optimized experimental conditions. Adsorption kinetics fitted well to the pseudo second-order model, and equilibrium data fit the Freundlich isotherm model. Thermodynamic analysis provided a positive value for ΔH° (129.84 KJ/mol) and confirmed that phosphate adsorption on these materials is endothermic. The P-laden Fe3O4@CSH materials could be rapidly separated from aqueous solution by a magnetic separation technique within 1 min. A removal rate of more than 60% was still obtained after eight adsorption/desorption cycles, demonstrating the excellent reusability of the particles. The results demonstrated that the Fe3O4@CSH materials had high P-adsorption efficiency and were reusable.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis of sucrose activated carbon for nutrient removal in water

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Sara Jamaliniya ◽  
O. D. Basu ◽  
Saumya Suresh ◽  
Eustina Musvoto ◽  
Alexis Mackintosh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Nitrate Adsorption

Abstract A renewable, green activated carbon made from sucrose (sugar) was compared with traditional bituminous coal-based granular activated carbon (GAC). Single and multi-component competitive adsorption of nitrate and phosphate from water was investigated. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted to data obtained from the nitrate and phosphate adsorption experiments. Nitrate adsorption fits closely to either Freundlich or Langmuir model for sucrose activated carbon (SAC) and GAC with a Langmuir adsorption capacity of 7.98 and 6.38 mg/g, respectively. However, phosphate adsorption on SAC and GAC demonstrated a selective fit with the Langmuir model with an adsorption capacity of 1.71 and 2.07 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that adsorption of nitrate and phosphate follow pseudo-second-order kinetics with rate constant values of 0.061 and 0.063 g/(mg h), respectively. Competitive studies between nitrate and phosphate were demonstrated in preferential nitrate removal with GAC and preferential phosphate removal with SAC. Furthermore, nitrate and phosphate removals decreased from 75% removal to 35% removal when subject to multi-component solutions, which highlights the need for adsorption analysis in complex systems. Overall, SAC proved to be competitive with GAC in the removal of inorganic contaminants and may represent a green alternative to coal-based activated carbon.

scholarly journals Study of phosphate removal from aqueous solution by zinc oxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Suiyi Zhu ◽  
Zhongmou Liu ◽  
Jiancong Liu ◽  
Mingxin Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Base Interaction

Zinc oxide (ZnO) was synthesized and used to investigate the mechanism of phosphate removal from aqueous solution. ZnO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy before and after adsorption. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the kinetics, isotherms, effects of initial pH and co-existing anions. The adsorption process was rapid and equilibrium was almost reached within 150 min. The adsorption kinetics were described well by a pseudo-second-order equation, and the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity was 163.4 mg/g at 298 K and pH ∼6.2 ± 0.1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated the phosphate adsorption onto ZnO was endothermic and spontaneous. The point of zero charge of ZnO was around 8.4 according to the pH-drift method. Phosphate adsorption capacity reduced with the increasing initial solution pH values. The ligand exchange and Lewis acid-base interaction dominated the adsorption process in the lower and the higher pH range, respectively. Nitrate, sulfate and chloride ions had a negligible effect on phosphate removal, while carbonate displayed significant inhibition behavior.

scholarly journals Synthesis of nanoZrO2 via simple new green routes and its effective application as adsorbent in phosphate remediation of water with or without immobilization in Al-alginate beads

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2617-2633
Author(s):  
Wondwosen Kebede Biftu ◽  
Kunta Ravindhranath
Keyword(s):  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibration Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Homogeneous Method ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Average Size

Abstract Nano particles of ZrO2 of average size 10.91 nm are successfully synthesized via green routes from a solvent blend of water and ethylene glycol (4:1 v/v). Bio-extract of seeds of Sapindus plant is employed as stabilizing and/or capping agent and homogeneous method of precipitation is adopted to generate the precipitating agent. The nZrO2 particles are immobilized in aluminum alginate beads (nZrO2-Al- alig). Nano-ZrO2 and beads are investigated as adsorbents for the extraction of phosphate from water. The controlling physicochemical parameters are studied for the maximum phosphate removal using simulate water. The optimum conditions are: pH: 7; sorbent dosage: 0.1 g/100 mL for nZrO2 and 0.08 g/100 mL for beads; equilibration time: 30 min.for nZrO2 and 35 min for beads; initial phosphate concentration: 50 mg/L; temperature: 30 ± 1 °C; 300 rpm. The adsorption capacities are: 126.2 mg/g for nZrO2 and 173.0 mg/g for ‘nZrO2-Al- alig’ and they are higher than many reported in literature. The beads, besides facilitating the easy filtration, are exhibiting enhanced cumulative phosphate-adsorption nature of nanoZrO2 and Al-alginate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) investigations are employed in characterizing the adsorbents. Of the various isotherm models analyzed to assess the nature of adsorption, Freundlich model provides the best correlation (R2 = 0.99 for nZrO2 and R2 = 0.99 for ‘nZrO2-Al-alig’), indicating the heterogeneous and multi-layered adsorption process. Thermodynamic studies reveal the endothermic and spontaneous nature of sorption. Pseudo-second-order model of kinetics describes the adsorption well. Spent adsorbents can be regenerated with marginal loss of adsorption capacity until five cycles. The sorbents are successfully applied to remove phosphate from polluted lake water samples.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Ceramsite Adsorbent from Industrial Wastes for the Removal of Phosphorus from Aqueous Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yue Yin ◽  
Gaoyang Xu ◽  
Linlin Li ◽  
Yuxing Xu ◽  
Yihan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption

A more applicable adsorbent was fabricated using industrial wastes such as red mud, fly ash, and riverbed sediments. The heavy metal inside the raw materials created metal hydroxy on the adsorbent surface that offered elevated adsorption capacity for phosphorus. The required equilibrium time for the adsorption is only 10 min. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 9.84 mg·g−1 inferred from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Higher solution pH favored phosphorus adsorption. Kinetics study showed that the adsorption could be better fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The presence of coexisting anions had no significant adverse impact on phosphorus removal. The speciation of the adsorbed phosphorus indicated that the adsorption to iron and aluminum is the dominating adsorption mechanism. Moreover, a dynamic adsorption column experiment showed that, under a hydraulic time of 10 min, more than 80% of the phosphorus in the influent was removed and the surplus phosphorus concentration was close to 0.1 mg L−1. The water quality after adsorption revealed its applicability in real treatment. Consequently, the adsorbent synthesized from industrial wastes is efficient and applicable due to the high efficiency of phosphorus removal and eco-friendly behavior in solutions.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF AMINE-SIO2 MATERIAL FOR NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE REMOVAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Phan Phuoc Toan ◽  
Nguyen Trung Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Nhat Huy ◽  
Le Ngoc Hang ◽  
Le Tri Thich
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Regeneration Times ◽  
Sem Analyses

Amine-SiO2 material was synthesized and applied as a novel adsorbent for nitrate and phosphate removal from aqueous solution. The characterization of Amine-SiO2 were done by using TGA, FTIR, BET, and SEM analyses. Results showed that Amine-SiO2 had higher nitrate and phosphate adsorption capacity of 1.14 and 4.16 times, respectively, than commercial anion exchange resin (Akualite A420). In addition, Amine-SiO2 also had good durability with stable performance after at least 10 regeneration times, indicating that this material is very promising for commercialization in the future as an adsorbent for water treatment.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Fe/Mg-Biochar Nanocomposites for Phosphate Removal

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Tao ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Bo Lv
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Magnetic Biochar

Magnetic biochar derived from agricultural biomass has been recognized as a cost-effective biochar sorbent for phosphate removal. This study evaluated the use of novel Fe/Mg-biochar nanocomposites (WBC1x), prepared by impregnating ground walnut shell in a solution with a different molar ratio of Fe2+ to Mg2+, then pyrolyzing slowly, at a temperature of 600 °C, to remove phosphate. The results showed that MgO and Fe3O4 were loaded onto the biochar successfully through the impregnation-pyrolysis method and the composites were able to be separated easily by magnetic field. Meanwhile, a higher surface area and point of zero charge on WBC1x were observed compared to the non-magnetic biochar (WBC). Moreover, the isothermal adsorption and kinetics data further suggested the that phosphate adsorption onto WBC1x resulted from chemisorption. Additionally, the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of WBC1x was 6.9 mg.g−1, obtained though the Langmuir–Freundlich model, which was threefold higher than WBC, where MgO addition could enhance the adsorption capacity of WBC1x markedly by improving the surface charge.

scholarly journals Removal of Phosphorus from Wastewater by Different Morphological Alumina

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Jianchuan Sun ◽  
Awang Gao ◽  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Xu ◽  
Jiaqing Song
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

In this work, an organic-free method was used to synthesize different morphological boehmite by controlling the crystallization temperature, and alumina adsorbents were obtained by baking the boehmites at 500 °C. The alumina adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, and their phosphorus adsorption properties were comparatively investigated by a series of experiments. The results showed that the self-prepared alumina adsorbents were lamellar and fibrous material, while the industrial adsorbent was a granular material. The lamellar alumina adsorbents had the largest specific surface area and showed better phosphorus adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity could reach up to 588.2 mg·g−1; and only 0.8 g·L−1 of lamellar alumina adsorbent is needed to treat 100 mg·L−1 phosphorus solution under the Chinese level 1 discharge standard (0.5 mg·L−1). Further investigation suggests that the lamellar alumina adsorbent kept high adsorption capacity in various solution environments.

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