scholarly journals The influence of riverbank filtration on regional water resources: a case study in the Second Songhua River catchment, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1425-1438
Author(s):  
Xueyan Ye ◽  
Ruijuan Cui ◽  
Lixue Wang ◽  
Xinqiang Du
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Safe Yield ◽  
Regional Water ◽  
The Second Songhua River

Abstract Riverbank filtration (RBF) of river water recharging a groundwater system has been identified as a source of water supply that guarantees the quantity of abstracted water and reduces the cost of water treatment. This paper evaluates the safe yield of groundwater in suitable areas using a numerical model of groundwater flow and discusses the influence of RBF on the temporal variation of regional hydraulic heads, groundwater flow, river flow, and groundwater–surface water interaction (GSI) under different precipitation frequencies from 20% to 95% along the Second Songhua River in Northeast China. This study shows that the potential of RBF is enormous and that the total safe yield of groundwater abstraction was 29.56 × 104 m3/day under the precipitation frequency of 95%. The direction of regional groundwater flow was not obviously changed except within the local groundwater flow field under the maximum safe yield pumping conditions. When the precipitation frequencies are higher than 75%, the direction of the GSI might be changed, and the rate of river recharge of groundwater is enhanced. The water quantity that would be captured from the river does not threaten the safety of the river ecology. It is concluded that there were no obvious adverse impacts of the large scale of RBF on regional water resources in the Second Songhua River area.

Large scale high resolution modelling of the West African rivers and aquifers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alban Depeyre ◽  
Jean-Martial Cohard ◽  
Basile Hector ◽  
Reed Maxwell ◽  
Thierry Pellarin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
The West ◽  
Main Challenge

<p>West Africa has been classified as one of the most vulnerable regions in the world for water resources to face global changes, both climatic and demographic. The population is expected to double by 2050 leading to increased pressure on the use of water resources. In this context, it is necessary to understand the dynamics of major African hydrosystems as large rivers (Niger river, Senegal river...) and transboundary aquifers in order to predict the fate of water resources for the next decades. The ParFlow-CLM physical-based model was chosen for its ability to simulate surface water and groundwater dynamics in a coupled manner. This type of modelling makes it possible to represent the main hydrological processes observed over the whole West Africa region. It operates at a relatively fine spatial resolution (1 km²). The main challenge is to determine the hydrodynamic parameters of the soil for the entire region and on a 100 m thickness (i.e. 3.5 million pixels times 11 layers).</p><p>As a first step, the model was implemented on two catchments monitored by the AMMA-CATCH observatory. These two watersheds are representative of the major and contrasted processes found in WA : being respectively representative of Sudanian and Sahelian climates. In order to assess the relevance of the regional databases (SoilGrids and GLHYMPS), simulations were carried out with original and adjusted (based on observations) soil parameters and results were evaluated with local measurements. It appears that the deep weathered lithology is not considered in databases for most of hard-rock areas in intertropical areas with no tectonic uplift. Aquifer thicknesses, permeabilities and porosities have to be significantly enhanced for the model to represent the correct flow paths. Furthermore, in the Sahel where most of the annual precipitation falls during a dozen events only, a crust layer (consistent with observations) has been added to represent the large runoff coefficients which lead to the early season floods.</p><p>In a second step, the model was implemented at the West Africa scale using the adjusted soil parameters. These parameters were obtained using a simple linear law that have been applied uniformly over the entire domain and a mask over a part of the Sahel representative of the crusting zones. Results will be compared with both remotely sensed and in situ data : GRACE provides water stock variations at a very large scale, MERRA and ERA reanalysis provide evapotranspiration data. Altimeters and in situ measurements provide river flow data. In the near future the launch of the SWOT satellite will bring new observations to complete the current one. The evaluation of the different compartments of the hydrological cycle should reveal spatial discrepancies in the model's ability to represent processes, highlighting the points on which further work should focus.</p>

scholarly journals Extending a Large-scale Model to Better Represent Water Resources without Increasing the Model Complexity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Horan ◽  
Nathan J. Rickards ◽  
Alexandra Kaelin ◽  
Helen E. Baron ◽  
Thomas Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Hydrological System

A robust hydrological assessment is challenging in regions where human interference, within all aspects of the hydrological system, significantly alters the flow regime of rivers. The challenge was to extend a large-scale water resources model, GWAVA, to better represent water resources without increasing the model complexity. A groundwater and a regulated reservoir routine were incorporated into GWAVA using modifications of the existing AMBHAS-1D and Hanasaki methodologies, respectively. The groundwater routine can be varied in complexity when sufficient input data is available but fundamentally is driven by three input parameters. The reservoir routine was extended to account for the presence of large, regulated reservoirs using two calibratable parameters. The additional groundwater processes and reservoir regulation was tested in two highly anthropogenically influenced basins in India: the Cauvery and Narmada. The inclusion of the revised groundwater routine improved the simulation of streamflow in the headwater catchments and was successful in improving the representation of the baseflow component. In addition, the model was able to produce a time series of daily groundwater levels, recharge to groundwater and groundwater abstraction. The regulated reservoir routine improved the simulation of streamflow in catchments downstream of major reservoirs, where the streamflow was largely reflective of reservoir releases, when calibrated using downstream observed streamflow records. The model was able to provide a more robust representation of the annual volume and daily outflow released from the major reservoirs and simulate the major reservoir storages adequately. The addition of one-dimensional groundwater processes and a regulated reservoir routine proved successful in improving the model performance and traceability of water balance components, without excessively increasing the model complexity and input data requirements.

Water scarcity will boost Turkey-Syria-Iraq tensions

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Euphrates River ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scarce Water ◽  
Southern Iraq ◽  
Regional Water

Significance Large-scale water capture in Turkish dams upstream has caused long-term shortages elsewhere in the Tigris and Euphrates river basin, notably eastern Syria and southern Iraq. Competition for water resources intersects with existing ethno-religious tensions across the riparian countries. Impacts The political fragility of the Syrian and Iraqi states will be exacerbated by rising conflict over scarce water resources. Iran may seek to intervene on behalf of Shia Arabs in the Iraqi south. Turkey may experience future internal conflict with the Kurdish minority on whose land new dams have been constructed. Regional water scarcity could drive further migration to Europe.

scholarly journals An inexact stochastic optimization model for multi-conflict regional water resources allocation in the south-to-north water benefited area

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 946-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Zhenghui ◽  
Wang Yuqi ◽  
Lu Wentao ◽  
Zhao Haojin ◽  
Liu Jiaju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Water Diversion Project ◽  
Regional Water

Abstract The cross-regional water diversion project has been widely applied as an important way to relieve water pressure. Study about the tradeoff between multiple regions and multiple water use sectors has caused widespread concern. In this study, an inexact two-stage water resources management model for multi-region water resources planning with a large-scale water diversion project has been developed. The water sources in 11 districts, including independent water sources and public water sources diverted from the project, are considered in the optimization model. Water supply cost and recourse cost are analyzed in the objective function. Based on interval-parameter programming and two-stage stochastic programming, uncertainties in the water resources system are described by both interval values and probability distributions. The result indicates that the water diversion project would greatly change the composition of the water resource system and settle the uneven distribution of regional water resources to achieve district-optimal allocation of water resources. In general, the proposed method can help decision-makers to formulate water management strategies for rational utilization of all kinds of water resources in different regions.

scholarly journals Do land parameters matter in large-scale terrestrial water dynamics? – Toward new paradigms in modelling strategies

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 13191-13229 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gudmundsson ◽  
S. I. Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Forcing ◽  
Terrestrial Water

Abstract. Large-scale variations of terrestrial water storages and fluxes are key aspects in the Earth system, as they control ecosystem processes, feed back on weather and climate, and form the basis for water resources management. However, relevant observations are limited and process models used for estimation are highly uncertain. These models rely on approximations of terrestrial processes as well as on location-specific parameters (e.g.;soil types, topography) to translate atmospheric forcing (e.g.;precipitation, net radiation) into terrestrial water variables (e.g.;soil moisture, river flow). To date it is unclear which processes and parameters should be included to model terrestrial water systems on regional to global scales. Using a data driven approach we show, that skillful estimates of monthly water dynamics in Europe can be derived from information on atmospheric drivers alone and that the inclusion of land parameters does not improve the estimate. The results highlight that substantial parts of terrestrial water dynamics are controlled by atmospheric forcing, which dominates over land parameters. This is not reflected in current model developments, which are striving at incorporating an increasing number of small scale processes and related parameters. Our results thus point at major potential for theory and model development, with important implications for water resources modelling, seasonal forecasting and climate change projections.

ECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LOCAL BUSINESS:SIMULATION OF LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT IN SURAKARTA REGENCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Bhimo Rizky Samudro ◽  
Yogi Pasca Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Central Java Province

This paper will describe the function of water resources to support business activities in Surakarta regency, Central Java province. Surakarta is a business city in Central Java province with small business enterprises and specific culture. This city has a famous river with the name is Bengawan Solo. Bengawan Solo is a River Flow Regional (RFR) to support business activities in Surakarta regency. Concious with the function, societies and local government in Surakarta must to manage the sustainability of River Flow Regional (RFR) Bengawan Solo. It is important to manage the sustainability of business activity in Surakarta regency.   According to the condition in Surakarta regency, this paper will explain how the simulation of Low Impact Development Model in Surakarta regency. Low Impact Development is a model that can manage and evaluate sustainability of water resources in River Flow Regional (RFR). Low Impact Development can analys goals, structures, and process water resources management. The system can also evaluate results and impacts of water resources management. From this study, we hope that Low Impact Development can manage water resources in River Flow Regional (RFR) Bengawan Solo.  

Managing the impacts of mining on Ghana’s water resources from a legal perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasirudeen Abdul Fatawu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Legal Perspective

Recent floods in Ghana are largely blamed on mining activities. Not only are lives lost through these floods, farms andproperties are destroyed as a result. Water resources are diverted, polluted and impounded upon by both large-scale minersand small-scale miners. Although these activities are largely blamed on behavioural attitudes that need to be changed, thereare legal dimensions that should be addressed as well. Coincidentally, a great proportion of the water resources of Ghana arewithin these mining areas thus the continual pollution of these surface water sources is a serious threat to the environmentand the development of the country as a whole. The environmental laws need to be oriented properly with adequate sanctionsto tackle the impacts mining has on water resources. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure needs to bestreamlined and undertaken by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and not the company itself.

Mapping global water projects: improving access to donor investment information on the web

Water Policy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
J. Lisa Jorgensona
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Water Project ◽  
The Web

This paper discusses a series of discusses how web sites now report international water project information, and maps the combined donor investment in more than 6000 water projects, active since 1995. The maps show donor investment:  • has addressed water scarcity,  • has improved access to improvised water resources,  • correlates with growth in GDP,  • appears to show a correlation with growth in net private capital flow,  • does NOT appear to correlate with growth in GNI. Evaluation indicates problems in the combined water project portfolios for major donor organizations: •difficulties in grouping projects over differing Sector classifications, food security, or agriculture/irrigation is the most difficult.  • inability to map donor projects at the country or river basin level because 60% of the donor projects include no location data (town, province, watershed) in the title or abstracts available on the web sites.  • no means to identify donor projects with utilization of water resources from training or technical assistance.  • no information of the source of water (river, aquifer, rainwater catchment).  • an identifiable quantity of water (withdrawal amounts, or increased water efficiency) is not provided.  • differentiation between large scale verses small scale projects. Recommendation: Major donors need to look at how the web harvests and combines their information, and look at ways to agree on a standard template for project titles to include more essential information. The Japanese (JICA) and the Asian Development Bank provide good models.

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