scholarly journals Role of humic substances as refractory organic matter in sustainable water quality assessment and management

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-549
Author(s):  
Maoqing Duan ◽  
Xia Du ◽  
Wenqi Peng ◽  
Cuiling Jiang ◽  
Shijie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
River Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
National Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In northern China, river water originating from or flowing through forests often contains large amounts of oxygen-consuming organic substances, mainly humic substances. These substances are stable and not easily biodegradable, resulting in very high detection values of chemical oxygen demand. However, under natural conditions, the dissolved oxygen demand is not as high. Using experimental values to evaluate river water quality and the impact of human activities on water quality is thus unscientific and does not meet national development goals. In this study, the potential sources of high-concentration chemical oxygen demand in river water in two areas exposed to virtually no anthropogenic activities and strongly affected by humic substances, were analysed. The chemical oxygen demand contributed by humic substances (COD-HSs) was quantified using three methods. The results of water quality monitoring in 2017 and 2018 revealed that the chemical oxygen demand concentrations (5–44 mg/L) predominantly exceeded the standard (15 mg/L). The study results suggest that COD-HSs should be considered separately for objective evaluation and management of water quality, particularly in areas that are seriously affected by COD-HSs, to provide a scientific basis for formulating sustainable water quality management policies.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters of Gomati River at Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 875-886
Author(s):  
Azad Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Gomati River ◽  
The Impact

Gomati River originate from Madhoganj Tanda village in Pilibhit district, U.P. it passes through the district of Shahjahanpur, kheri, Hardoi, Sitapur, Janpur and ultimately merge in Ganga. River water is significant for every living organism as well as aquatic life. Water pollution is a major global problem. Modernization and urbanization have polluted the river water and degraded the status. All over the world we are seeing that drain is the main source of water pollution especially for rivers flowing within the city. This drain generally carries industrial effluent, domestic waste, sewage and medicinal waste resulting in poor water quality. Gomati River receives industrial as well as domestic waste from various drains of Lucknow city. As Gomati river is the only source of surface water near the communities. A total 20 parameters namely Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium as ca, Magnesium as Mg, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate as So4, Nickel as Ni, Lead as Pb, and Zinc as Zn where analysed and their variation is discussed to obtain the impact of effluents on water quality. From the result it was found higher than the permissible limit of WHO and BIS.

scholarly journals Community-based wastewater treatment systems and water quality of an Indonesian village

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Lim ◽  
L. Y. Lee ◽  
S. E. Bramono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
Community Based ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of community-based water treatment systems on water quality in a peri-urban village in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Water samples were taken from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), irrigation canals, paddy fields and wells during the dry and wet seasons. The samples were tested for biological and chemical oxygen demand, nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen and total phosphorus) and Escherichia coli. Water quality in this village is affected by the presence of active septic tanks, WWTP effluent discharge, small-scale tempe industries and external sources. We found that the WWTPs remove oxygen-demanding wastes effectively but discharged nutrients, such as nitrate and ammonia, into irrigation canals. Irrigation canals had high levels of E. coli as well as oxygen-demanding wastes. Well samples had high E. coli, nitrate and total nitrogen levels. Rainfall tended to increase concentrations of biological and chemical oxygen demand and some nutrients. All our samples fell within the drinking water standards for nitrate but failed the international and Indonesian standards for E. coli. Water quality in this village can be improved by improving the WWTP treatment of nutrients, encouraging more villagers to be connected to WWTPs and controlling hotspot contamination areas in the village.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR DAN BEBAN PENCEMARAN AIR PADA SUB DAS BOENTUKA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umbu A Hamakonda ◽  
Bambang Suharto ◽  
Liliya Dewi Susanawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
River Water ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
River Water Pollution

Rivers in the Boentuka Sub-watershed of Timor Tengah Selatan Regency have been shown to experience pollution caused by domestic and agricultural activities. This study aims to assess water quality and identify river water pollution loads based on water quality according to Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 concerning water pollution management and control. The parameters analyzed were physical, chemical, and biological, the length of the river in the Boentuka Sub-watershed was 15km. The method of river water pollution index from upstream to downstream in 6 sampling points with test parameters such as the biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, fecal coliform and total coliform in the downstream has exceeded the criteria of class I water quality standards according to PP No. 82 of 2001. Pollution index of 1.11 to 4.62. This shows that the quality of river water has been polluted with mild pollution status. While the pollution load of domestic waste dumped into the river is on the biological oxygen demand parameter of 6297,584 kg / day and chemical oxygen demand of 7871.98 kg / day, fecal coliform pollution load of 458.0108 MPN / day and totalcoli 1210.121 MPN / day

scholarly journals Investigation of the Soan River Water Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zakaullah ◽  
Naeem Ejaz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Water Quality Data

Evaluating the quality of river water is a critical process due to pollution and variations of natural or anthropogenic origin. For the Soan River (Pakistan), seven sampling sites were selected in the urban area of Rawalpindi/Islamabad, and 18 major chemical parameters were examined over two seasons, i.e., premonsoon and postmonsoon 2019. Multivariate statistical approaches such as the Spearman correlation coefficient, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the water quality of the Soan River based on temporal and spatial patterns. Analytical results obtained by PCA show that 92.46% of the total variation in the premonsoon season and 93.11% in the postmonsoon season were observed by only two loading factors in both seasons. The PCA and CA made it possible to extract and recognize the origins of the factors responsible for water quality variations during the year 2019. The sampling stations were grouped into specific clusters on the basis of the spatiotemporal pattern of water quality data. The parameters dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and total suspended solids (TSS) are among the prominent contributing variations in water quality, indicating that the water quality of the Soan River deteriorates gradually as it passes through the urban areas, receiving domestic and industrial wastewater from the outfalls. This study indicates that the adopted methodology can be utilized effectively for effective river water quality management.

scholarly journals Influence of Anykščiai City on Šventoji River Water Quality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Bagdžiūnaitė-Litvinaitienė ◽  
Andrius Litvinaitis ◽  
Laurynas Šaučiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
River Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Investigation Period ◽  
The Impact

Increasing migration of nutrients in the river water is a major factor in determining the quality of river water due to anthropogenic activities. In order to preserve the good water quality in rivers and other surface water bodies, it is necessary to take preventive measures that can be scientific water quality research and analysis. According to research carried out in kind, the article analyses the Anykščiai city as point source pollution, and the influence of it to the water quality of Šventoji river. Also, based on the statistical information a nutrient concentrations trend analysis of the meteorological and hydrological con-ditions influence was carried out. Investigations were carried out in July-September of 2016. Concentrations of ammonium (NH4-N), nitrite (NO2-N), nitrate (NO3-N), phosphate (PO4-P) and dissolved oxygen (O2) was analysed. In order to determine the impact of point source pollution on river water quality, the changes in concentration before and beyond Anykščiai city were evaluated, according to the meteorological and hydrological conditions. It was found that total nitrogen (Nb) and total phos-phorus (Pb) concentrations during the investigation period respectively, increases in 6% and 8%.

scholarly journals The Study of Impact of Tofu Industrial Waste Treatment Plant on Value of Chemical Oxygen Demand Level in Residents Well of Central Lamper Village, Semarang-Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Nabila Widya Anugraheni ◽  
Slamet Isworo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Waste Treatment Plant ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objective: The existence of a tofu waste treatment plant in residential areas and reports from the public about the unpleasant odor in several wells made residents worried about the impact of the intrusion of tofu waste treatment plant waste. This study aims to assess the impact of possible intrusion of waste from tofu waste treatment plants into residents' wells.  Methods: This type of research is descriptive with a survey method. Samples from the research site were analyzed in the laboratory by the titration method based on the value of chemical oxygen demand, compared with Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 82 Th. 2001 concerning water quality management and water pollution control. Results: The results of the measurement of the chemical oxygen demand value of the Bajak river were 51.8 mg/L (starting point) and 238 mg/L (end point). The value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells is as follows: resident well 1 of 12.2 mg/L, resident well 2 of 9.12 mg/L, resident well 3 of 3.05 mg/L, residential well 4 mg/L of 33.05 mg/L. L, resident well 5 is 3.05 mg/L, resident well 6 is 15.2 mg/L, resident well 7 is 27.4 mg/L and resident well 8 is 3.05 mg/L. Conclusion: The value of chemical oxygen demand in the Bajak river exceeds the quality standard, while the value of chemical oxygen demand in resident wells shows that the farther from the tofu waste treatment plant, the smaller the concentration value of chemical oxygen demand. 

scholarly journals Understanding public perception, knowledge and behaviour for water quality management of the river Yamuna in India

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzia Tarannum ◽  
Arun Kansal ◽  
Prateek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
River Yamuna

Abstract The paper aims to understand how the public perceives river water quality and related risks and behaviour. Using the stratified semi-purposive sampling process, the study explores the perception of people residing along the river Yamuna in India. The method applied involved a structured questionnaire survey of 2706 respondents and four focused group discussions with people residing within two kilometres of the river bank. Non-parametric tests such as Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U-test and One-Sample Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test were used to analyse the data. The findings suggest that the majority of the respondents formulate their perceptions using non-scientific methods like sensorial and heuristics. Perception on sources of pollution is shaped by personal experiences and people do not perceive diffused sources of pollution that affect river water quality. Respondents attributed the pollution in the river to anthropogenic activities and their risk perception was found to be linked to their direct dependence on the river for their daily needs. The paper suggests behavioural change strategies to focus on social, governance, and technological drivers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mass bathing effects on water quality status of eight prominent ponds of Haryana (India): A multi-location study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
Pooja Devi ◽  
Anita Bhtnagar ◽  
Mohan P. George
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
The Impact

Amongst the various anthropogenic activities, mass bathing and other religious rituals also affect the water quality of aquatic ecosystem. The present research has been conducted to evaluate the impact of mass bathing and other religious activities on the eight famous religious water bodies of Haryana (Kapalmochan tirth, Kulotarn tirth, Ban-Ganga tirth, Brahmsarovar, Jyotisar, Saraswati tirth, Phalgu tirth and Pandu-Pindara tirth). The water samples were collected from three sampling stations (A, B and C) at each of the eight selected sites (S1 to S8) before and after the religious rituals and also seasonally. The samples were analyzed for Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ammonia and heavy metals . The study highlighted the seasonal variations of physicochemical characteristics and also the effects of mass bathing and religious activities on water quality of the religious sites. Although the water was reported as safe in terms of DO content, total ammonia, BOD and the values of COD before the religious rituals but the values exceeded the maximum permissible limit {DO (0.8±0.1, 0.76±0.11), BOD (25.07±0.13, 18.13±0.13),COD (131.9±2.08), Ammonia (2.31±.23, 6.57±0.02) Iron (5890 µg L-1) and Zinc (200 µg L-1)} after mass bathing and religious rituals indicating that the water was not suitable for drinking as well as bathing purposes after the rituals/mass bathing. So, bathing during/after such rituals may become a health hazards to the bathers or users of the water and also may affect the aquatic biota, further depleting it. There is thus a need of regular monitoring and regular application of suitable remedial measures to prevent the depletion of the quality of lentic waters.

scholarly journals Investigation of water quality from the Brahmaputra river in Sherpur district

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
T Datta ◽  
IJ Ema ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
NT Meghla
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Status

The study was conducted to determine the status of physico-chemical parameters of the Brahmaputra river water in Sherpur district and also to assess the monthly variation of the river water. To perform the study the samples were collected from five different stations during the period of December 2013 to May 2014. Various water quality parameters such as transparency, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), hardness and alkalinity were examined. The study revealed that a slightly variation in water quality at different stations of the river. The mean value of transparency (42.21 cm), temperature (23.38oC), EC (351.12 ?s/cm), TDS (178.54 mg/l), pH (7.75), DO (4.47 mg/l), BOD (1.02 mg/l), hardness (82.36 mg/l) and alkalinity (98.63 mg/l) showed that the present status of the Brahmaputra river water is suitable for all aquatic lives, domestic and agricultural uses. Although the overall status of the river water quality is suitable, degradation was detected in few points which might be due to anthropogenic activities, especially the direct discharge of domestic effluents into river. Thus, necessary initiatives should be taken against such anthropogenic activities to maintain the overall water quality of the Brahmaputra river for its sustainable use.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 35-41, June-2015

Impact of proposed Glengowan Dam flow augmentation on Thames River water quality

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-473
Author(s):  
T. P. Halappa Gowda ◽  
R. J. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Macrophyte Community ◽  
Thames River ◽  
The Impact

The Thames River water management study report, prepared in 1975 by the Ontario Ministries of Natural Resources and Environment, recommended the construction of the Glengowan Dam primarily for flow augmentation to improve the river water quality (Recommendation No. 1). As part of the environmental impact assessment of the proposed dam, detailed water quality prediction studies were carried out using deterministic and stochastic models to evaluate the impact of the proposed flow augmentation and wastewater loading options. The river receives treated wastewater effluents from five water pollution control plants (WPCP) in the study area, all located within the City of London. The processes simulated by the models include advection, decay of carbonaceous and nitrogenous oxygen demand (CBOD and NOD), sediment oxygen demand, atmospheric reaeration, and respiration and photosynthetic activity of aquatic macrophyte community. The options modelled include (a) projected CBOD and NOD loading rates from the five WPCP's for the planning period 1981–2001; (b) low flows attainable with augmentation from existing Fanshawe reservoir and the proposed Glengowan Dam; and (c) zero loadings to the Thames River from WPCP's, attainable with effluent bypassing to Lake Erie. The results of the modelling studies are presented in this paper. Key words: water quality, dissolved oxygen, flow augmentation, environmental assessment, Glengowan Dam, Thames River Basin, deterministic model, stochastic model.

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