Design of water distribution systems using an intelligent simple benchmarking algorithm with respect to cost optimization and computational efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1892-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Shende ◽  
K. W. Chau
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Optimum Solution

Abstract The increasing stress on the water distribution network (WDN) considering demand satisfaction with minimum cost has inspired designers to apply various optimization techniques to meet the consequent challenges. The traditional way of using optimization methods, e.g. stochastic meta-heuristic algorithms, have come along with various constraints to explore an optimum solution. In this study, a newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm called the Simple Benchmarking Algorithm (SBA) is used to optimize pipe size. A modified approach with SBA having interfaces with the EPANET 2.0 hydraulic simulation model is used to compute the minimum cost of the two-loop network and the Hanoi benchmark WDN. Results show that SBA is more efficient in obtaining the least possible cost with fast convergence.

scholarly journals Optimal placement of valves in a water distribution network with CLP(FD)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 731-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSIMILIANO CATTAFI ◽  
MARCO GAVANELLI ◽  
MADDALENA NONATO ◽  
STEFANO ALVISI ◽  
MARCO FRANCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Logic Programming ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Constraint Logic Programming ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Isolation System

AbstractThis paper presents a new application of logic programming to a real-life problem in hydraulic engineering. The work is developed as a collaboration of computer scientists and hydraulic engineers, and applies Constraint Logic Programming to solve a hard combinatorial problem. This application deals with one aspect of the design of a water distribution network, i.e., the valve isolation system design. We take the formulation of the problem by Giustolisi and Savić (2008 Optimal design of isolation valve system for water distribution networks. InProceedings of the 10th Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Conference WDSA2008, J. Van Zyl, A. Ilemobade, and H. Jacobs, Eds.) and show how, thanks to constraint propagation, we can get better solutions than the best solution known in the literature for the Apulian distribution network. We believe that the area of the so-calledhydroinformaticscan benefit from the techniques developed in Constraint Logic Programming and possibly from other areas of logic programming, such as Answer Set Programming.

scholarly journals Proposal of optimal operation strategy applied to water distribution network with statistical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva ◽  
Fernando Das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
André Carlos da Silva ◽  
José Antonio Tosta dos Reis ◽  
Claudio Lindemberg de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Computational Optimization ◽  
Depth Analysis

 Inefficiency of sanitation companies’ operation procedures threatens the population’s future supplies. Thus, it is essential to increase water and energy efficiency in order to meet future demand. Optimization techniques are important tools for the analysis of complex problems, as in distribution networks for supply. Currently, genetic algorithms are recognized by their application in literature. In this regard, an optimization model of water distribution network is proposed, using genetic algorithms. The difference in this research is a methodology based on in-depth analysis of results, using statistics and the design of experimental tools and software. The proposed technique was applied to a theoretical network developed for the study. Preliminary simulations were accomplished using EPANET, representing the main causes of water and energy inefficiency in Brazilian sanitation companies. Some parameters were changed in applying this model, such as reservoir level, pipe diameter, pumping pressures, and valve-closing percentage. These values were established by the design of experimental techniques. As output, we obtained the equation of response surface, optimized, which resulted in values of established hydraulic parameters. From these data, the obtained parameters in computational optimization algorithms were applied, resulting in losses of 26.61%, improvement of 16.19 p.p. with regard to the network without optimization, establishing an operational strategy involving three pumps and a pressure-reducing valve.  We conclude that the association of optimization and the planning of experimental techniques constitutes an encouraging method to deal with the complexity of water-distribution network optimization.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of leak hydraulics

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ferrante ◽  
C. Massari ◽  
E. Todini ◽  
B. Brunone ◽  
S. Meniconi
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

In recent decades the hydraulics of leaks, i.e. the definition of the relationships linking the hydraulic quantities in pipes with leaks, has received increasing attention. On the one hand, the definition of the relationship between the leak outflow and the relevant parameters – e.g. the leak area and shape, the pressure inside the pipe and outside the leak, and the pipe material – is crucial for pressure control and inverse analysis techniques. On the other hand, if the effect of the leakage on the governing equations is not taken into account, i.e. the loss of the flow axial momentum is not considered, significant errors can be introduced in the simulation of water distribution systems. In this paper, the governing equations for a pipe with a leak are derived. The basic equations, obtained within different approaches, are presented in a consistent formulation and then compared with the results of some experimental tests. The leak jet angle and other major features of the results are analysed. The estimated values of the parameters can be used in the water distribution network models when pipes with a diffuse leakage are considered.

scholarly journals Management of water distribution systems in PDA conditions using isolation valves: case studies of real networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fiorini Morosini ◽  
O. Caruso ◽  
P. Veltri
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
System Management ◽  
System Control

Abstract The current paper reports on a case study investigating water distribution system management in emergency conditions when it is necessary to seal off a zone with isolation valves to allow repair. In these conditions, the pressure-driven analysis (PDA) is considered to be the most efficient approach for the analysis of a water distribution network (WDN), as it takes into account whether the head in a node is adequate to ensure service. The topics of this paper are innovative because, until now, previous approaches were based on the analysis of the network behaviour in normal conditions. In emergency conditions, it is possible to measure the reliable functioning of the system by defining an objective function (OF) that helps to choose the optimal number of additional valves in order to obtain adequate system control. The OF takes into account the new network topology by excluding the zone where the broken pipe is located. The results show that the solution did not improve significantly when the number of valves reached a threshold. The procedure applied to other real case studies seems to confirm the efficiency of the methodology even if further examination of other cases in different conditions is necessary.

scholarly journals Improved Hydraulic Simulation of Valve Layout Effects on Post-Earthquake Restoration of a Water Distribution Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3492
Author(s):  
Jeongwook Choi ◽  
Doosun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Hydraulic Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Restoration Process ◽  
Restoration Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pressure Driven Analysis

To restore water pipes damaged by earthquakes, it is common to block the water flow by closing the associated shut-off valves. In this process, water supply suspension in the area connected to the isolated pipes is inevitable, which decreases the serviceability of the water distribution network (WDN). In this study, we identified the impact of valve layout (i.e., number and location) on system serviceability during a seismic damage restoration process. By conducting a pressure-driven-analysis (PDA) using EPANET 3.0, a more realistic hydraulic analysis could be carried out under the seismically damaged condition. Furthermore, by considering the valve-controlled segment in the hydraulic simulation, a more realistic water suspension area was determined, and efficient seismic damage restoration strategies were identified. The developed model was implemented on a WDN to demonstrate the effect of valve layout on the post-earthquake restoration process. Finally, effective restoration strategies were suggested for the application network.

An integrated approach to water distribution network monitoring and performance prediction using geographical information systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Poulton
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Measurement Technology

The deterioration of water distribution systems and the subsequent need for major rehabilitation has provided researchers with a challenge: to seek new techniques to facilitate decision-making and assist network planners. Consequently, a range of methods have been developed, concerning several key performance indicators. Those with the greatest potential tend to promote a pro-active approach to pipeline rehabilitation, by predicting future performance of individual or groups of pipes. Such an approach is essential if cost-effective solutions are to be found. Prediction models are based on indicators that are perceived to be the most appropriate for measuring and comparing an aspect of performance. The level of “appropriateness” is influenced not only by the availability of data and the ease at which it can be recorded, but also its accuracy and unambiguity. Consequently, indicators such as burst rates are widely used to assess structural performance. Ideally though, a more direct measure of the condition of a pipe could be used, such as its remaining wall thickness. This has previously been largely disregarded, due to the lack of appropriate (non-destructive) measurement technology. However, technological advances are being made to enable the inline monitoring of pipes and determination of deficiencies (particularly corrosion pits in cast iron pipes). This paper illustrates how online condition monitoring of distribution pipelines can be combined with existing prediction models, to facilitate the decision-making process. Integration is achieved through the use of a Geographical Information System (GIS), which greatly enhances representation of spatial and temporal information.

Optimization of Pumping Schedules Using the Genealogical Decision Tree Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enso Ikonen ◽  
István Selek ◽  
József Bene
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Particle Filtering ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Pumping Schedules ◽  
Tree Approach ◽  
Modified Algorithm

This paper examines the application of a particle filtering-based optimization technique, the genealogical decision trees (GDT), to a finite horizon pump scheduling problem in a water distribution network. The GDT approach for trajectory tracking is first introduced, and a modified algorithm for minimization of costs during pump sequence optimization is then presented. Several variants of the algorithm are suggested, using the extended end constraint and neutrality. The performance of the optimization in various algorithm and parameter settings is examined in extensive simulations. It was observed that both the extended end constraint and neutrality improved the performance, however the deviation between solutions within a population and between different runs remained uncomfortably large. Finally, a comparison with a number of alternative up-to-date optimization techniques is provided. It was observed that the performance of GDT was adequate, compared with the best available approaches.

Numerical modeling of pressure-reducing valves in water distribution network systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-557
Author(s):  
U. S. Panu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Proposed Modification ◽  
Analysis Models

Computer models are no longer viewed as exotic luxuries, rather they are being increasingly accepted as necessities for effective planning and operation of water distribution systems. In large networks, pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) are common water appurtenances. However, through the use of the Hazen–Williams friction factor, there are difficulties in representing PRVs in network-analysis models. This paper focuses on these difficulties and suggests a procedure for resolving them through the use of modified Hazen–Williams friction factor. The effectiveness of the proposed modification in representing PRVs in the WATER model is demonstrated. Key words: network analysis, numerical modeling, hydraulics, municipal, water distribution, PRV representation, friction coefficient, Hazen–Williams, flow rate, simulations.

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