Remediation of polluted river water by floating treatment wetlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munazzam Jawad Shahid ◽  
Razia Tahseen ◽  
Muhammad Siddique ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Samina Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Leptochloa Fusca ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Better Than

Abstract In this study, the potential of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), inoculated with selected bacteria, to ameliorate polluted river water was evaluated. Floating cells were prepared by vegetating plants, Typha domingensis and Leptochloa fusca, on a floating mat. The plants were inoculated with three different pollutant-degrading rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial strains. Significantly greater decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total organic carbon (TOC) was observed in inoculated FTWs than in the wetlands without bacterial inoculation. However, a slight decrease in pH and EC was seen in most of the treatments. The total nitrogen (TN), nitrate and total phosphorus (TP) contents decreased to 1.77 mg/L, 0.80 mg/L and 0.60 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the concentration of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) in the water lowered to 0.41, 0.16, 0.10, 0.25, and 0.08 mg/L, respectively. Overall the performance of T. domingensis was significantly better than L. fusca. The treated effluents meet the water quality guidelines for irrigation and aquatic life. This study revealed that FTWs supplemented with selective bacteria are a promising approach for the restoration and management of polluted river water.

Comparing the performance of four macrophytes in bacterial assisted floating treatment wetlands for the removal of trace metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Cr) from polluted river water

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 125353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munazzam Jawad Shahid ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Ghulam Shabir ◽  
Muhammad Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
River Water ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

scholarly journals Bacterial Augmented Floating Treatment Wetlands for Efficient Treatment of Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeha Nawaz ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Ghulam Shabir ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Shakoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Floating treatment wetland (FTW) is an innovative, cost effective and environmentally friendly option for wastewater treatment. The dyes in textile wastewater degrade water quality and pose harmful effects to living organisms. In this study, FTWs, vegetated with Phragmites australis and augmented with specific bacteria, were used to treat dye-enriched synthetic effluent. Three different types of textile wastewater were synthesized by adding three different dyes in tap water separately. The FTWs were augmented with three pollutants degrading and plant growth promoting bacterial strains (i.e., Acinetobacter junii strain NT-15, Rhodococcus sp. strain NT-39, and Pseudomonas indoloxydans strain NT-38). The water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), color, bacterial survival and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb and Fe). The results indicated that the FTWs removed pollutants and color from the treated water; however, the inoculated bacteria in combination with plants further enhanced the remediation potential of floating wetlands. In FTWs with P. australis and augmented with bacterial inoculum, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and color of dyes were significantly reduced as compared to only vegetated and non-vegetated floating treatment wetlands without bacterial inoculation. Similarly, the FTWs application successfully removed the heavy metal from the treated dye-enriched wastewater, predominately by FTWs inoculated with bacterial strains. The bacterial augmented vegetated FTWs, in the case of dye 1, reduced the concentration of Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb by 75%, 73.3%, 86.9%, 75%, 70% and 76.7%, respectively. Similarly, the bacterial inoculation to plants in the case of dye 2 achieved 77.5% (Cu), 73.3% (Ni), 83.3% (Zn), 77.5% (Fe), 66.7% (Mn) and 73.3% (Pb) removal rates. Likewise in the case of dye 3, which was treated with plants and inoculated bacteria, the metals removal rates were 77.5%, 73.3%, 89.7%, 81.0%, 70% and 65.5% for Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb, respectively. The inoculated bacteria showed persistence in water, in roots and in shoots of the inoculated plants. The bacteria also reduced the dye-induced toxicity and promoted plant growth for all three dyes. The overall results suggested that FTW could be a promising technology for the treatment of dye-enriched textile effluent. Further research is needed in this regard before making it commercially applicable.

scholarly journals Plant-Microbe Synergism in Floating Treatment Wetlands for the Enhanced Removal of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate from Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2883
Author(s):  
Momina Yasin ◽  
Muhammad Tauseef ◽  
Zaniab Zafar ◽  
Moazur Rahman ◽  
Ejazul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Acinetobacter Junii ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Excessive use of detergents in wide industrial processes results in unwanted surfactant pollution. Among them, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) has well-known history to be used in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. However, if discharged without treatment, it can cause toxic effects on living organisms especially to the aquatic life. Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) could be a cost-effective and eco-friendly options for the treatment of wastewater containing SDS. In this study, FTWs mesocosms were established in the presence of hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria. Two plant species (Brachiaria mutica and Leptochloa fusca) were vegetated and a consortium of bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. strain BRSI56, Acinetobacter junii strain TYRH47, and Acinetobacter sp. strain CYRH21) was applied to enhance degradation in a short-time. Results illustrated that FTWs vegetated with both plants successfully removed SDS from water, however, bacterial augmentation further enhanced the removal efficiency. Maximum reduction in SDS concentration (97.5%), chemical oxygen demand (92.0%), biological oxygen demand (94.2%), and turbidity (99.4%) was observed in the water having FTWs vegetated with B. mutica and inoculated with the bacteria. The inoculated bacteria showed more survival in the roots and shoots of B. mutica as compared to L. fusca. This study concludes that FTWs have the potential for the removal of SDS from contaminated water and their remediation efficiency can be enhanced by bacterial augmentation.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters of Gomati River at Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 875-886
Author(s):  
Azad Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Gomati River ◽  
The Impact

Gomati River originate from Madhoganj Tanda village in Pilibhit district, U.P. it passes through the district of Shahjahanpur, kheri, Hardoi, Sitapur, Janpur and ultimately merge in Ganga. River water is significant for every living organism as well as aquatic life. Water pollution is a major global problem. Modernization and urbanization have polluted the river water and degraded the status. All over the world we are seeing that drain is the main source of water pollution especially for rivers flowing within the city. This drain generally carries industrial effluent, domestic waste, sewage and medicinal waste resulting in poor water quality. Gomati River receives industrial as well as domestic waste from various drains of Lucknow city. As Gomati river is the only source of surface water near the communities. A total 20 parameters namely Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium as ca, Magnesium as Mg, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate as So4, Nickel as Ni, Lead as Pb, and Zinc as Zn where analysed and their variation is discussed to obtain the impact of effluents on water quality. From the result it was found higher than the permissible limit of WHO and BIS.

scholarly journals Effect of corn cobs as external carbon sources on nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands treating micro-polluted river water

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1639-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-ji Yu ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Yanhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
River Water ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Corn Cobs

Abstract Micro-polluted river water is characterized as having limited biodegradability, low carbon to nitrogen ratio and little organic carbon supply, all of which makes it hard to further purify. Two bench scale constructed wetlands (CWs) with a horizontal subsurface flow mode were set up in the laboratory to evaluate their feasibility and efficiency on denitrification with and without corn cobs as external carbon sources. Micro-polluted river water was used as feed solution. The CW without corn cobs substrates possessed a good performance in removing chemical oxygen demand (COD, <40 mg/L) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N, <0.65 mg/L), but less efficiency in removing total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N). In marked contrast, the CW with 1% (w/w) corn cobs substrates as external carbon sources achieved a significant improvement in the removal efficiency of TN (increased from 34.2% to 71.9%) and NO3-N (increased from 19% to 71.9%). The incorporation of corn cobs substrates did not cause any obvious increase in the concentrations of COD and NH3-N in the effluent. This improvement in the denitrification efficiency was owing to the released organic carbon from corn cobs substrates, which facilitated the growth of abundant microbes on the surface and pores of the substrate. The open area of the used corn chips is larger than that of the pristine ones, and corn cobs can continue to provide a carbon fiber source for denitrification.

Assesment of Water Pollution in the Tigris River in Diyarbakır, Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Memet Varol ◽  
Bülent Gökot ◽  
Aysel Bekleyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Tigris River

Diyarbakır is the biggest city and the largest urban settlement in the Tigris Basin in Turkey. It has been gradually developing and growing thanks to the Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP), and is one of the most important centers of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry in the Tigris Basin. The Tigris River is an important water source for the city, and it serves for irrigation, fishing, recreation and receiving wastewater. With the development of industry, agriculture and the growth of urban population, its pollution has become a serious problem. Pollution from domestic, industrial and agricultural activities has led to deterioration of water quality. In this context, the aim of the present study is to identify point sources of pollution and to assess the surface water quality of the Tigris River in the study area by monitoring physicochemical parameters. Diyarbakır produced a negative impact on the Tigris River water quality, particularly after the WWTP discharge. Concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, organic nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased markedly downstream of Diyarbakır WWTP discharge point. During the summer, the extent of organic pollution was so serious in the stations, downstream of WWTP, that dissolved oxygen became almost absent from the river water. The metal concentrations of all water samples were mostly below or close to the maximum permitted concentration for protection of aquatic life and drinking water.

Remediation of sewage and industrial effluent using bacterially assisted floating treatment wetlands vegetated with Typha domingensis

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2192-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Ijaz ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Typha Domingensis ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

This investigation reports the quantitative assessment of endophyte-assisted floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) for the remediation of sewage and industrial wastewater. Typha domingensis was used to vegetate FTWs that were subsequently inoculated with a consortium of pollutant-degrading and plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria. T. domingensis, being an aquatic species, holds excellent potential to remediate polluted water. Nonetheless, investigation conducted on Madhuana drain carrying industrial and sewage water from Faisalabad City revealed the percentage reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) to be 87% and 87.5%, respectively, within 96 h on coupling the plant species with a consortium of bacterial endophytes. With the endophytes surviving in plant tissue, maximal reduction was obtained in not only the aforementioned pollution parameters but for other major environmental quality parameters including nutrients (N and P), ions (Na+ and K+), Cl−, and SO42− as well, which showed percentage reductions up to 90%, 39%, 77%, 91.8%, 40%, and 60%, respectively. This significant improvement in polluted wastewater quality treated with the proposed method render it safe to be discharged freely in larger water bodies as per the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) of Pakistan or to be reused safely for irrigation purposes; thus, FTWs provide a sustainable and affordable approach for in situ remediation of sewage and industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Effect of Spathiphyllum blandum on the removal of ibuprofen and conventional pollutants from polluted river water, in fully saturated constructed wetlands at mesocosm level

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Luis Sandoval ◽  
José Luis Marín-Muñíz ◽  
Jacel Adame-García ◽  
Gregorio Fernández-Lambert ◽  
Florentina Zurita
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Large Scale Systems ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Generous Support

Abstract In this study, the effect of Spathiphyllum blandum on the removal of ibuprofen (IB) and conventional pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium (NH4+-N), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) is reported; this, through its use as an emergent vegetation in fully saturated (FS) constructed wetlands (CWs) at mesocosm level treating polluted river water. With the exception of TP and COD, it was found that for TN (12%), NH4+-N (11%), TSS (19%), and IB (23%), the removals in systems with vegetation were superior to systems without vegetation (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the importance of the species S. blandum, in particular, for the removal of ibuprofen, which is an anti-inflammatory drug commonly found in effluents of wastewater treatment plants. Thus, the results obtained provide information that can be used for the design of future efficient large-scale systems using a new ornamental species, mainly under tropical climatic conditions. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Shitalakhya River

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Kudrat- E-Zahan ◽  
M. Habibur Rahman ◽  
A. A. S. Mostofa Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Dissolved Silica

Water quality is the key of environmental concern because of its important provision of water for drinking and domestic purpose, irrigation and aquatic life including fish and fisheries. The present study was conducted to assess the surface water quality of the Shitalakhya River from January, 2017 to December, 2018. Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD5, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Dissolved Silica, Total Iron concentration and Turbidity in water samples have been found in the ranges 24 - 33°C, 6.5 - 7.6, 108 - 478 µS/cm, 54 - 245 ppm, 8 - 118 mg/l, 6 - 12 mg/l, 36.6 - 231.8 mg/l, 30 - 190 mg/l, 20 - 120 mg/l, 10 - 80 mg/l, 3.54 - 9.91 mg/l, 16 - 51 mg/l, 0.10 - 1.5 mg/l, 2.09 - 120 NTU in the year 2017 and 21 - 32.5°C, 6.7 - 7.3, 101 - 424 µS/cm, 55 - 212 ppm,  10 - 154 mg/l, 7 - 16 mg/l, 42.7 - 219.6 mg/l,  35 - 180 mg/l, 25 - 115 mg/l, 10 - 70 mg/l, 4.96 - 16.99 mg/l, 19 - 84 mg/l, 0.10 - 2.50 mg/l, 2.73 - 214 NTU in the year 2018 respectively. Obtained results of the present study area shows that most of the parameters were within the permissible limit except Turbidity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Silica (SiO2) and Biological Oxygen Demand for five days (BOD5). Use of river water can pose serious problems to human health and aquatic ecosystem via biological food chain. The present research suggests special preference for better management of the river water to protect the health of aquatic ecosystem of the river. 

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on A Novel Water Treatment Pond Design Using Dredged Sediment, Shrub Willow and Recycling Hand Pumps for the Restoration of Water Pollution

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Xueyuan Bai ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Lifang Zou ◽  
Zhisheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Shrub Willow ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Water And Sediment

The treatment of polluted water and sediment often costs too much and has little benefit. In this study, we proposed a novel design using dredged sediment, shrub willow (Salix spp.) and recirculating hand pumps for the restoration of polluted river water in Changchun city, China. Sediment was filled as a matrix for plant growth, shrub willow was transplanted for the absorption of nutrients, and ten hand-pumped water wells were built for recycling the polluted water. During the 5-month experimental period, the shrub willow growth and nutrient contents, sediment nutrient concentration and water quality were measured. The results showed that this pond system could effectively decrease the sediment pollutant levels, and its removal efficiencies of organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) could respectively reach as high as 11%, 10% and 26%. The dissolved oxygen (DO) content increased by more than 90% in August, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) content decreased by 44.93% and 19.82%, respectively. This means that the treatment pond could efficiently work toward the purification of polluted river water. The benefits and feasibility of this system application were also analyzed, and we found that it could be widely used for the treatment of polluted water and sediment in urban areas.

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