scholarly journals Use of filterability index in granular filtration: effect of filter medium type, size and shape

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-391
Author(s):  
Selda Yiğit Hunce ◽  
Elif Soyer ◽  
Ömer Akgiray
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Type Size ◽  
Filtration Effect ◽  
Granular Filtration ◽  
Medium Type

Abstract Ives' Filterability Index (FI) was employed to evaluate silica sand versus crushed recycled glass as a rapid filter media. The presence of past studies comparing these two media allows an evaluation of the applicability and utility of the FI concept as a simple and quick preliminary test for the assessment of different media to be used in water filtration. The present tests also allow an evaluation of the effect of shape on filter performance.

Crushed recycled glass as a filter medium and comparison with silica sand

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 927-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Soyer ◽  
Ömer Akgiray ◽  
Nursen Öz Eldem ◽  
Ahmet Mete Saatçı
Keyword(s):  
Filter Medium ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Recycled Glass

Influence of Type of Secondary Raw Material on Consistency of Fresh Mixture for AAC Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 998 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Vit Černý ◽  
Matěj Lédl ◽  
Jindřich Melichar ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Coal Slag ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Partial Weight

Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is, mainly in Europe, widely used construction material. It has an optimal combination of bulk density, strength and thermal conductivity coefficient for load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures of civil facilities. The production technology is based on a mixture of ground silica sand, lime, cement, gypsum, aluminium powder and additives. The grinding of sand is most often carried out in a wet way, and the sand sludge is consequently used in production technology. The aim of the experiment was verification of the effect of partial replacement of sand with the alternative raw materials in sand sludge on the rheology of the mixture. This parameter determinates how the modified mixtures affect the sludge pumpability. As a reference the consistency of the sand sludge of the normal production density of 1.65 g/cm3 was compared to the sand sludges of different density (1.60, 1.70 and 1.75 g/cm3) and with a fresh aerated concrete (FAC) mixture of 1.60 g/cm3. Then the sludges were modified by 30 % of alternative raw materials (recycled glass, coal slag, FBC ash, FBC bottom ash) as the partial weight replacement for sand. This partial replacement resulted in water/solids ratio adjustment which recommended value is 0.47 for recycled glass and coal slag, 0.59 for fluidized bed combustion (FBC) bottom ash and for FBC fly ash it is 0.70.

Slow granular filtration for water reuse

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adin
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Secondary Effluents ◽  
Granular Filtration ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The slow sand filtration (SSF) design parameters as known for purifying surface water cannot be copied for the treatment of secondary effluents. The objectives of the present research were to examine the possibility of slow granular filtration (SGF) as advanced treatment of secondary effluents for reuse purposes and examine filter performance under various design regimes. Slow granular filtration runs where made with four different filters at rate of 0.15 m/h. 0.6 mm, 0.25 mm sand or tuff grains or their combination were used. Grain size of 0.25 mm gave low impurities concentration in the effluent but short filtration runs. Double layer bed caused longer filtration run as well as lower impurities concentration in the effluent, Combining the tuff as the top bed layer caused longer filtration run, probably due to the morphologic and chemical properties of the tuff. The water column above the bed plays an important role in the filtration process. Intense microbiologic activity in the column changes the TSS and COD concentration as well as the availability of the biodegradable matter. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the water column above the bed, and in the bed depth can serve as a good indicator for ripening of the biological layer.

scholarly journals Influence of Inlet Position on the Amount of Pollutant Particles Trapped Along the Flow Path of Slow Sand Filter (SSF) Pipe Utilized for Filtering Swamp Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigit Mujiharjo ◽  
Syafnil Syafnil ◽  
Ilma Donna Astri Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Slow Sand Filter ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Inlet Position

This study aims to explain the effect of inlet position of a Slow Sand Filter (SSF) Pipe on the amount of pollutant particles caught along the flow path in the SSF Pipe. The main equipment used is nine pieces of SSF Pipe, each has 4 inches in diameter and 50 cm in length with Pantai Panjang Bengkulu’ssand as the filter medium. The inlet positions tested were 90°, 45° and 0°; repeated three times and arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The observed variable is the weight of the captured pollutant in the SSF at the distance of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, and 40cm from the inlet. Results of the research showed that the number of pollutant particles caught along the flow path in the SSF decreased following a linear model as the distance from the inlet was increased. The number of pollutant particles caught also decreased with the decrease of inlet position slope. The inlet position significantly affected the number of pollutant particles caught along the flow path; the position of 90° causes the highest amount of pollutants to be caught and significantly differs from that of the position of 45° and 0°. The position of 0° causes the least amount of pollutants to be captured that considered to be the best inlet position so far. It is important; however, to research whether inlet position of more than 180° could result in a much smaller amount of pollutant caught along the flow in the  SSF Pipe.Keywords: SSFPipe, inlet position, particle caught in SSF, peat water filtration

scholarly journals The use of silica sand, zeolite and active charcoal to reduce BOD, COD, and TSS of laundry waste water as a biology learning resources

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Moch Assiddieq ◽  
Satya Darmayani ◽  
Wirapati Kudonowarso
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Biology Learning ◽  
High Concentrations

The aquatic environment contaminated with detergent waste in high concentrations can endanger the lives human and biota in the water. This study aimed to determine the decrease of BOD, COD and TSS content of laundry liquid waste by using filter media of silica sand, zeolite, and activated charcoal. Filter medium 1a can reduce BOD level from 98.6 mg/L to 58.80 mg/L (40.36%), while medium 1b can decrease BOD level to 21.20 mg/L (78.48%). It showed that media 1a had not fulfilled the quality standard of BOD of waste water that is 50 mg/L, while media 1b had fulfilled the standard of quality. Filter media 1a can decrease COD level from 210 mg/L to 78.80 mg/L (62.47%), whereas medium 1b can decrease COD to 25.60 mg/L (87.80%). This showed that media 1a and media 1b had met the quality standard of COD of waste water that is 100 mg/L. Filter media 1a can decrease TSS level from 465 mg/L to 122.5 mg/L (73.65%), whereas medium 1b can decrease TSS level to 52.3 mg/L (88.75%). This showed that media 1a and media 1b had met the quality standard of TSS of waste water that is 150 mg/L.

scholarly journals North Sea Ecosystem-Scale Model-Based Quantification of Net Primary Productivity Changes by the Benthic Filter Feeder Mytilus edulis

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Lemmen
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Filtration Effect ◽  
Filter Feeders

Blue mussels are among the most abundant bivalves in shallow water along the German coasts. As filter feeders, a major ecosystem service they provide is water filtration and the vertical transfer of suspended organic and attached inorganic material to the sea floor. Laboratory and field studies previously demonstrated that blue mussels can remove large quantities of plankton from the surrounding water. I here perform numerical experiments that investigate the effect of filtration at the scale of an entire coastal sea—the southern North Sea. These experiments were performed with a state-of-the-art bentho-pelagic coupled hydrodynamic and ecosystem model and used a novel reconstruction of the benthic biomass distribution of blue mussels. The filtration effect was assessed as the simulated change in net primary productivity caused by blue mussels. In shallow water, filtration takes out up to half of the entire annual primary productivity; it is negligible in offshore waters. For the entire basin, the filtration effect is 10%. While many ecosystem models have a global parameterization for filter feeders, the coastal gradient in the filtration effect is usually not considered; our research demonstrates the importance of including spatially heterogeneous filtration in coupled bentho-pelagic ecosystem models if we want to better understand the spatial patterns in shallow water coastal systems.

Evaluation of the Deposition of Nanoparticles in Fibrous Filter

2014 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Martins de Barros ◽  
Samirys Sara Rodrigues Cirqueira ◽  
Mônica Lopes Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Fibrous Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Particle Penetration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Filtration Stage ◽  
Surface Filtration ◽  
Cellulose Filter

This study aimed to evaluate the deposition of NaCl nanoparticles during filtration in a cellulose filter medium (HEPA). The diameter of the generated polydisperse particles was between 6 and 800nm. Deposition was evaluated with the curves of pressure drop as a function of time. The permeability of the filter medium was determined and, after the deposition of particles, specific resistance of the formed cake was obtained. Filter performance was evaluated by counting particles before and after the filter medium and the pressure drop was monitored in order to obtain the filtration curve. Filtration velocity was kept at 0.06 m/s, and the concentration of the solution generated at a rate of 0.0042 L /min in a commercial inhaler was of 5 g/L. The results showed that this filter showed two steps during the deposition of particles, an internal filtration stage and a surface filtration stage. Although this filter is highly efficient in removing particles in the range evaluated, roughly 100%, particle penetration was observed in the range between 50 and 200nm.

Nano-Sized Copper (Oxide) on Alumina Granules for Water Filtration: Effect of Copper Oxidation State on Virus Removal Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1214-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Mazurkow ◽  
Nur Sena Yüzbasi ◽  
Kamila W. Domagala ◽  
Stefan Pfeiffer ◽  
Dariusz Kata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Oxidation State ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Copper Oxidation ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
Filtration Effect ◽  
Effect Of Copper

scholarly journals Influence of Inlet Position on the Amount of Pollutant Particles Trapped Along the Flow Path of Slow Sand Filter (SSF) Pipe Utilized for Filtering Swamp Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sigit Mujiharjo ◽  
Syafnil Syafnil ◽  
Ilma Donna Astri Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Slow Sand Filter ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Inlet Position

This study aims to explain the effect of inlet position of a Slow Sand Filter (SSF) Pipe on the amount of pollutant particles caught along the flow path in the SSF Pipe. The main equipment used is nine pieces of SSF Pipe, each has 4 inches in diameter and 50 cm in length with Pantai Panjang Bengkulu’ssand as the filter medium. The inlet positions tested were 90°, 45° and 0°; repeated three times and arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The observed variable is the weight of the captured pollutant in the SSF at the distance of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, and 40cm from the inlet. Results of the research showed that the number of pollutant particles caught along the flow path in the SSF decreased following a linear model as the distance from the inlet was increased. The number of pollutant particles caught also decreased with the decrease of inlet position slope. The inlet position significantly affected the number of pollutant particles caught along the flow path; the position of 90° causes the highest amount of pollutants to be caught and significantly differs from that of the position of 45° and 0°. The position of 0° causes the least amount of pollutants to be captured that considered to be the best inlet position so far. It is important; however, to research whether inlet position of more than 180° could result in a much smaller amount of pollutant caught along the flow in the  SSF Pipe.Keywords: SSFPipe, inlet position, particle caught in SSF, peat water filtration

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