Performance evaluation of metal impregnated activated carbon composite for removal of fluoride under varying solution chemistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishikhi Raychoudhury ◽  
Sriman Pankaj Boindala ◽  
Shreeya Kalidindi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Equilibrium Sorption ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Wide Range

The objectives of this study are to optimize the synthesis conditions of metals such as aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) and cerium (Ce) impregnated activated carbon composites (AC-M) for fluoride removal and to evaluate the sorption behavior of fluoride by the composite under varying solution chemistry. To achieve the objectives, several composites were prepared with different combinations of Al, Ce and Fe at different temperatures. The fluoride removal by different composites was evaluated, and the best performing composite was selected for further study. Equilibrium sorption experiments and kinetic tests were carried out. The effect of pH and the presence of different co-ions on the removal of fluoride were assessed. Based on the performances, the composites can be ranked as AC-Ce > AC-AlCe > AC-CeFe > AC-AlCeFe > AC-AlFe. The maximum sorption capacity by the AC-Ce composites is in the range of 4.1–4.6 mg/g. The equilibrium sorption follows the Freundlich isotherm model whereas the kinetics is better explained by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model (0.018–0.029 g/mg/min). The presence of bicarbonate and phosphate has a significant effect on fluoride removal efficiency. The novel AC-Ce composites have a strong buffering effect under a wide range of pH, which can make it suitable for treating drinking water.

scholarly journals Aluminum–cerium double-metal impregnated activated carbon: a novel composite for fluoride removal from aqueous solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreeya Kalidindi ◽  
Mounica Vecha ◽  
Arkamitra Kar ◽  
Trishikhi Raychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Sorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kinetic Tests ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Partitioning Behavior

Several studies have focused on the application of layered double hydroxide or nanoparticle based adsorbent for removing fluoride. The objectives of this study are to impregnate aluminum (Al) and cerium (Ce) within the pore spaces of activated carbon (AC) for removal of fluoride from water and to evaluate the partitioning behavior of fluoride by the double-metal-AC composite. To achieve the objectives, combined oxides/hydroxides of Al and Ce were impregnated within the pore spaces of AC under varying pH, metal concentration, and synthesis temperature. The fluoride removal by different composite was evaluated, and the best performing composite was selected for equilibrium sorption experiments and kinetic tests. The effect of pH on fluoride removal was assessed. Overall it was observed that impregnation of a small amount of metal (0.05 mol/L Al-Ce) can enhance the fluoride removal efficiency, compared to unmodified AC. Sorption of the best performing composite follows the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum fluoride sorption capacity was estimated as 3.05 mg F−/g of composite. The rate of sorption by the selected composite is reasonably fast (3.6/h). Furthermore, within a wide range of pH (5–10), removal of fluoride was observed to be consistent.

scholarly journals Improving the Electrochemical Performances of Supercapacitors through Modification of the Particle Size Distribution of the Carbon Electrode

2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
Sutarsis ◽  
Jeng-Kuei Chang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The effect of a synergetic mixture of large and small activated carbon composite particles on the performance of organic electrolyte-based EDLCs was examined in this work. Different surface areas, pore volumes, particle size distributions, and concentrations of surface functional groups were observed in bi-modal particle sizes of activated carbon composites. Using galvanostatic cycling, the cell capacitance of an activated carbon composite rose with an increase in the fraction of big particles (C8) over a wide range of rates. Due to their moderate specific surface areas, a relatively low fraction of smaller particle size, low concentration of oxygen functional groups, low contact resistance, and high ionic conductivity, the 0.25C4+0.75C8 carbon electrode composite has a high specific capacitance, high retention of high rate discharge, and long cycle life when compared to other composites and single carbon electrodes (C4, C8, and C12). The leakage current and gas evolution may be suppressed to an operating voltage of 3.0 V with an appropriate fraction of large and small particle composition on the carbon electrode, boosting the carbon cells’ reliability and stability.

scholarly journals Removal of fluoride from an aqueous solution by batch and column process using activated carbon derived from iron infused Pisum sativum peel: characterization, Isotherm, kinetics study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 200241-0
Author(s):  
Naincy Sahu ◽  
Chandra Bhan ◽  
Jiwan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The present study investigated the adsorption efficiency of magnetic activated carbon was synthesized by waste biomass of Pisum sativum (peel) and pyrolysis at 500˚C temperature (MPPAC-500). Derived activated carbon was applied for removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. The MPPAC-500 was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Particle Size Analyser. The fluoride sequestration study was performed in both batch and column systems. The batch adsorption study was focused on parameter like, adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and initial fluoride concentrations. The maximum capacity of fluoride removal was qo = 4.71 (mg/g). Freundlich isotherm model (R2 -0.995) obeyed better than Langmuir (R<sup>2</sup> -0.979) model. The RL values observed between 0-1 (RL-0.057) inferred the favourable adsorption. Pseudo-second-order model favoured well than pseudo-first-order in the whole experimental data. In case of column study was performed at two different bed height 5 cm and 10 cm having flow rate of 5 mL/min as well as 10 mL/min. The breakthrough curve and column data were interpreted by Thomas, Adams-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson and Clark model. These finding showed that MPPAC-500 has potential adsorptive capacity for fluoride removal from aqueous solutions in batch and column systems.

Quantitative structure property relationships for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto activated carbon

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2270-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. V. Dickenson ◽  
J. E. Drewes
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Quantitative Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Energy Relationships

Isotherms were determined for the adsorption of five pharmaceutical residues, primidone, carbamazepine, ibuprofen, naproxen and diclofenac, to Calgon Filtrasorb 300 powdered activated carbon (PAC). The sorption behavior was examined in ultra-pure and wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) matrices, where more sorption was observed in the ultra-pure water for PAC doses greater than 10 mg/L suggesting the presence of EfOM hinders the sorption of the pharmaceuticals to the PAC. Adsorption behaviors were described by the Freundlich isotherm model. Quantitative structure property relationships (QSPRs) in the form of polyparameter linear solvation energy relationships were developed for simulating the Freundlich adsorption capacity in both ultra-pure and EfOM matrices. The significant 3D-based descriptors for the QSPRs were the molar volume, polarizability and hydrogen-bond donor parameters.

scholarly journals Fluoride Adsorption by Pumice from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1843-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Mahvi ◽  
Behzad Heibati ◽  
Alireza Mesdaghinia ◽  
Ahmad Reza Yari
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
High Concentrations

Drinking water provides many vital elements for the human body, but the presence of some dissolved elements more than permissible concentration can endanger human health. Among the dissolved elements in drinking water, fluoride is noticeable, because both the very low or very high concentrations have adverse health impacts such as dental caries. Therefore, fluoride concentration should be kept in acceptable levels. In this study Pumice was used for fluoride removal. It was found that Fluoride sorption kinetic was fitted by pseudo-second-order model. The maximum sorption capacity of Pumice was found to be 13.51 mg/g at laboratory temperature (24°C). Maximum sorption study occurred at pH= 3. Results of Isotherm showed the fluoride sorption has been well fitted with Freundlich isotherm model. This study has demonstrated that Pumice can be used as effective adsorbents for fluoride removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent prepared in this study was cheap and efficient in removal of fluoride than other adsorbents.

scholarly journals Removal of Fluoride Ions by Adsorption onto Fe2O3 /Areca Nut Activated Carbon Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahira Joshi ◽  
Mandira Adhikari Pradhananga
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The possibility of Fe2O3/Areca nut activated carbon composite as an adsorbent for removal of fluoride from water is presented. Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from Areca nut by chemical activation with phosphoric acid at 400°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The resultant AC was characterized by adsorption of methylene blue and iodine. As indicated by iodine and methylene blue adsorption, the AC was highly micro and meso porous in nature. The adsorbent was prepared by compositing the AC with ferric oxide. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to describe the effect of pH, contact time and adsorbent dose on fluoride removal from water. Percentage removal of fluoride by the adsorbent was ~75 % at contact time of 180 minutes. The maximum adsorption of fluoride was observed at pH 2 with adsorbent dose of 20 gm/L. The adsorption equilibrium data was analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The adsorption data was fitted Langmuir better than Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption capacity of the Fe2O3/Areca nut activated carbon composite was found to be 4.8 mg/gm. The composite adsorbent prepared from Areca nut AC could be an efficient adsorbent for removal of fluoride from water.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2016, 12(1): 175-183 

Solution chemistry effects on the solvation shell of metal ions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangwen Wang ◽  
Dimitrios Toroz ◽  
Seonmyeong Kim ◽  
Simon Clegg ◽  
Gun-Sik Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Solvation Shell ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Velocity Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Ionic Solvation ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal Ions ◽  
Wide Range

<div> <p>As natural aqueous solutions are far from being pure water, being rich in ions, the properties of solvated ions are of relevance for a wide range of systems, including biological and geochemical environments. We conducted ab initio and classical MD simulations of the alkaline earth metal ions Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> and of the alkali metal ions Li<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Cs<sup>+</sup> in pure water and electrolyte solutions containing the counterions Cl<sup>–</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>. Through a detailed analysis of these simulations, this study reports on the effect of solution chemistry (composition and concentration of the solution) to the ion–water structural properties and interaction strength, and to the dynamics, hydrogen bond network, and low-frequency dynamics of the ionic solvation shell. Except for the ion–water radial distribution function, which is weakly dependent on the counter-ions and concentrations, we found that all other properties can be significantly influenced by the chemical characteristics of the solution. Calculation of the velocity autocorrelation function of magnesium ions, for example, shows that chlorine ions located in the second coordination shell of Mg<sup>2+</sup> weaken the Mg(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub><sup>2+</sup> hydration ‘cage’ of the cation. The result reported in this study suggest that ionic solvation shell can be significantly influenced by the interactions between other ions present in solution ions, especially those of opposite charge. In more general terms, the chemical characteristics of the solution, including the balance between ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions, could result in significant differences in behavior and function of the ionic solvation shell.</p> </div>

scholarly journals Adsorption and Photocatalytic Mineralization of Bromophenol Blue Dye with TiO2 Modified with Clinoptilolite/Activated Carbon

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Co Precipitation

This study presents a hybridized photocatalyst with adsorbate as a promising nanocomposite for photoremediation of wastewater. Photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue (BPB) in aqueous solution under UV-irradiation of wavelength 400 nm was carried out with TiO2 doped with activated carbon (A) and clinoptilolite (Z) via the co-precipitation technique. The physiochemical properties of the nanocomposite (A–TiO2 and Z–TiO2) and TiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results of the nanocomposite (A–TiO2 and Z–TiO2) efficiency was compared to that with the TiO2, which demonstrated their adsorption and synergistic effect for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color from the wastewater. At an optimal load of 4 g, the photocatalytic degradation activity (Z–TiO2 > A–TiO2 > TiO2) was found favorably by the second-order kinetic model. Consequently, the Langmuir adsorption isotherms favored the nanocomposites (Z–TiO2 > A–TiO2), whereas that of the TiO2 fitted very well on the Freundlich isotherm approach. Z–TiO2 evidently exhibited a high photocatalytic efficacy of decomposition over 80% of BPB (COD) at reaction rate constant (k) and coefficient of determination (R2) values of 5.63 × 10−4 min−1 and 0.989, respectively.

Accelerating the optimization of enzyme-catalyzed synthesis conditions via machine learning and reactivity descriptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyu Wan ◽  
Quan-De Wang ◽  
Dongchang Liu ◽  
Jinhu Liang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Optimal Synthesis ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Reactivity Descriptors ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synthesis Reactions ◽  
Selection Of

Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis reactions are of crucial importance for a wide range of applications. An accurate and rapid selection of optimal synthesis conditions is crucial and challenging for both human knowledge...

scholarly journals Hierarchically Porous Silk/Activated-Carbon Composite Fibres for Adsorption and Repellence of Volatile Organic Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1207
Author(s):  
Aled D. Roberts ◽  
Jet-Sing M. Lee ◽  
Adrián Magaz ◽  
Martin W. Smith ◽  
Michael Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Regenerated Silk Fibroin ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Fibre Spinning ◽  
Solution Blow Spinning

Fabrics comprised of porous fibres could provide effective passive protection against chemical and biological (CB) threats whilst maintaining high air permeability (breathability). Here, we fabricate hierarchically porous fibres consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) and activated-carbon (AC) prepared through two fibre spinning techniques in combination with ice-templating—namely cryogenic solution blow spinning (Cryo-SBS) and cryogenic wet-spinning (Cryo-WS). The Cryo-WS RSF fibres had exceptionally small macropores (as low as 0.1 µm) and high specific surface areas (SSAs) of up to 79 m2·g−1. The incorporation of AC could further increase the SSA to 210 m2·g−1 (25 wt.% loading) whilst also increasing adsorption capacity for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

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