Boron removal from brackish water by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes: application of Spiegler–Kedem model and optimization

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamel Kheriji ◽  
Béchir Hamrouni
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Complexation Reaction ◽  
Boron Removal ◽  
Inorganic Element ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
First Case ◽  
Total Salinity

Drinking water should contain certain chemicals only in limited quantities. Boron, one of these chemicals which is considered as a threatening compound and is difficult to eliminate from water. The purpose of the research is to study the major role of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) process which can contribute to the removal of this inorganic element from brackish water. For this reason, two RO and two NF membranes have been used to reduce boron and total salinity of brackish water. Since boron is a problematic compound, its elimination would also not be easy. To optimize these removal rates, two solutions based on the change of the chemical state of boron in water, either by varying the pH solution or by a complexation reaction, have been proposed in this work. Obtained results show that for both solutions, the boron removal percentage has clearly improved and reached 95% for the first case and 70% for the second. It is worth noting that the Spiegler–Kedem model was applied to fit the found experimental results.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN AIR PAYAU MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI MEMBRAN SISTEM OSMOSA BALIK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AIR MINUM MASYARAKAT KEPULAUAN SERIBU

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Widayat
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
The People ◽  
Quality Of Water

Kepulauan seribu (Seribu Archipelago) is one of region of north jakarta, the province of DKI Jakarta Raya which is populated by around 18.000 inhabitants. It consists of 111 small islands. Among them, there are about 11 (eleven) islands are stated as the residential:   P. Untung Jawa, P. Tidung Besar, P. Lancang Besar, P. Panggang, P. Pramuka, P. Kelapa I, P. Kelapa II, P. Harapan, P. Sebira. P. Payung dan P. Pari. P. Panggang and P. Kelapa I are the most populated.In relation to the clean water supply, specifically for drinking water/freshwater, mostly is got from the narrow well, rainfall and some water treatment installations that heve been owned by some islands. However, problem arises when the prolong dry season comes as the quality of water in the narrow well decreases significantly, the well water became brackish. In order to cope this problem, the avaibility of sufficient water treatment installations to process brackish water into freshwater is very important. The water treatment installation with reverse osmosis system is one of the most effective alternative in order to provide the freshwater for the people in the islands. The system has also been aplied sufficiently in several islands, such as P. Kelapa I, P. Tidung, P. Pramuka, P. Untung Jawa, P. Panggang dan P. Harapan Kata Kunci : Pengolahan Air payau, Osmosa balik, Air minum.

Nanofiltration membranes with cellulose nanocrystals as an interlayer for unprecedented performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (31) ◽  
pp. 16289-16295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Jing Wang ◽  
Hao-Cheng Yang ◽  
Ming-Bang Wu ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Kang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Drinking Water Purification

Nanofiltration membranes are of great interest in brackish water desalination and drinking water purification.

Experimental Analysis on Desalinization of Brackish Water by Reverse Osmosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3695-3698
Author(s):  
Shu Na Wang ◽  
Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
The West ◽  
Drinkable Water ◽  
Desalination Technology

The water resources of the local west are seriously lacking, and most of water is brackish water with high contains of fluorine quantity. This topic used the RO desalination processing craft to desalt the water in order to provide the drinkable water in the west. The result indicated that the RO brackish water desalination technology is feasible, the quality of desalinated water can meet the national drinking water health standard.

Performance Study of Some Reverse Osmosis Systems for Removal of Uranium and Total Dissolved Solids in Underground Waters of Punjab State, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-476
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Jaspal Singh ◽  
Barjinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
State Government ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
High Concentrations

Radionuclides (uranium, thorium, radium, radon gas etc.) are found naturally in air, water, soil and rock. Everyday, we ingest and inhale these radionuclides through the air we breathe and through food and water we take. Out of the internal exposure via ingestion of radionuclides, water contributes the major portion. The natural radioactivity of water is due to the activity transfer from bed rock and soils. In our surveys carried out in the past few years, we have observed high concentrations of uranium and total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking waters of some southern parts of Punjab State exceeding the safe limits recommended by national and international agencies. The main drinking water source is the underground water procured from different depths. Due to the highly saline taste, disorders in their digestive systems and other ailments, people are installing reverse osmosis (RO) systems in their houses. Some RO systems have been installed on commercial basis. The state government is also in the process of installing community RO systems at the village level. As high values of uranium are also undesired and may pose health hazards due to radioactivity and toxicity of uranium, we have conducted a survey in the field to study the performance of various RO systems for removal of uranium and TDS. Water samples from about forty RO systems from Faridkot, Mansa, Bathinda and Amritsar districts of Punjab State were collected and analyzed. Our results show that some RO systems are able to remove more than 99% of uranium in the underground waters used for drinking purposes. TDS values are also reduced considerably to the desired levels. So RO systems can be used to avoid the risk of unduly health problems posed by high concentrations of uranium and TDS in drinking water.

Innovative concepts of regeneration of decolorization ion exchange resins in sugar refineries

2016 ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Marc André Théoleyre ◽  
Anne Gonin ◽  
Dominique Paillat
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Multiple Effect ◽  
Exchange Resins

Regeneration of resins used for decolorization of sugar solutions is done with concentrated salt solutions. Nanofiltration membranes have been proven effective, in terms of industrial efficiency in decreasing salt consumption. More than 90% of the salt that is necessary for regeneration can be recycled through a combination of direct recycling of intermediate eluates, the separation of colored compounds by use of very selective nanofiltration membranes and a system to concentrate salty permeates. According to specific local conditions on energy supply and cost, the concentration of salty permeates can be either a multiple effect evaporator or a combination of electrodialysis and reverse osmosis. The desalted color compound solution is sent to the molasses, limiting considerably the effluent to be treated. Starting from a liquor of 800 IU, the water requirement is limited to less than 100 L/t of sugar and the amount of wastewater can be reduced to less than 40 L/t of sugar.

ROLE OF SCIENCE IN POLICY, SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINABLE SERVICE DELIVERY OF ARSENIC SAFE DRINKING WATER

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prosun Bhattacharya ◽  
◽  
Md. Tahmidul Islam ◽  
Dara Johnston ◽  
Nargis Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Policy Systems

scholarly journals Depression among health care students in the time of COVID-19: the mediating role of resilience in the hopelessness–depression relationship

2021 ◽  
pp. 008124632199445
Author(s):  
Tammy-lee Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
National Level ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
First Case ◽  
Hopelessness Depression ◽  
The World

COVID-19 spread rapidly across the world, and by March 2020, the first case of COVID-19 was identified in South Africa. Lockdown-related measures such as restricted movement and isolation were implemented to contain the virus. Combined with these measures, factors such as economic decline, job losses, and food shortages can cause numerous mental health sequelae such as depression. Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness as well as cases of suicide have been reported around the world due to the pandemic and the associated feelings of anxiety and depression. The aims of this study were to investigate levels of hopelessness and depression in a sample of health care students. A random sample of students ( N = 174) enrolled in a health sciences programme at the University of the Western Cape completed the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and a three-item Resilience Scale. The results revealed high levels of hopelessness and depression compared to previously reported normative data for these scales. In addition, the indirect effects of hopelessness on depression were significant, demonstrating the mediating role of resilience in the hopelessness–depression relationship. These results highlight a call for universities to take proactive measures in providing students with free and easily accessible resources to help them cope and manage stress during a traumatic event. More importantly, at a national level, preventive measures should be implemented to strengthen resilience in young adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document