Utilizing structural equation modeling to correlate biosand filter performance and occurrence of diarrhea in the village of Enseado do Aritapera in Para, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Voth-Gaeddert ◽  
D. W. Divelbiss ◽  
D. B. Oerther
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Biosand Filter ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
The Village ◽  
Proper Operation

Previously, our earlier work demonstrated the use of structural equation modeling to evaluate the effectiveness of point-of-use biosand filters (BSF) to reduce the occurrence of diarrhea in rural Guatemala. While prior research in laboratory and field locations has documented the effectiveness of BSF to remove agents of diarrhea, experience in field sites suggests that multiple local factors greatly influence the occurrence of diarrhea. In addition to the BSF, this study evaluated household education level, socioeconomic status, water source and handling, and sanitation as factors impacting the occurrence of diarrhea for households in the village of Enseado do Aritapera in Para, Brazil. Of the 18 correlations examined, 16 were negatively correlated, and the strongest correlation was between the utilization of an ‘improved’ water source and the reduction of the occurrence of diarrhea within the household. While proper operation and maintenance of the BSF was found to have a negative correlation with the occurrence of diarrhea, it was not the most influential factor. This result supports the prior findings from our earlier work suggesting that more research is needed to evaluate which intervention should be prioritized for maximum return on investment with aid distribution.

Evaluation of knowledge management practices - a leather industry context

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan P.
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of knowledge management (KM) in terms of organizational performance using structural equation modeling. To enhance organizational performance, KM is used as a powerful strategic tool. The factors such as management commitment, leadership and organizational culture are the KM enabler’s conditions, and the step processes of KM are knowledge capture, creation, organizing/storing and transfer, and through this, KM is analyzed on organizational performance in the context of leathers manufacturing company. This study constructs with questionnaire consist of 34 variables. Design/methodology/approach There are about 101 samples that were collected through the questionnaire survey method in the leather companies in Ranipet. The data were collected from executives and associates in the leather companies. Data were analyzed using the SPSS tool and SMART PLS tool used for framing a research model and the hypothesized relationships were tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. Findings The finding of this study is mandatory to implement a structured KM practice in the leather companies. Application of KM is quite an impact on organizational performance, which leads to profitability and productivity. Originality/value This is the first paper to empirically investigate the KM enablers, process and support for the role of KM practices at leather industry. Further, the positioning of KM practices as a strategic competitive tool can be considered as an influential factor to organizational performance.

Severity Analysis of Wildlife–Vehicle Crashes using Generalized Structural Equation Modeling

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812096108
Author(s):  
Iman Gharraie ◽  
Emanuele Sacchi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Visibility Impairment

Each year, thousands of wildlife–vehicle crashes (WVCs) occur in North America with negative effects on wildlife welfare, human health, and the economy. Although previous studies have investigated factors related to WVC frequency, limited research has been conducted on factors affecting WVC severity. Using more than 10,000 WVCs occurring in the province of Saskatchewan (Canada), this study investigated the severity outcomes of WVCs and their influencing factors, using structural equation modeling (SEM) with generalized (ordered probit) links. Compared with traditional severity analysis techniques, SEM offers the added advantage of representing, estimating, and testing complex modeling structures that include both measured and latent (unmeasured) variables. Three latent variables were introduced in this study: driver’s speeding attitude (SA), driver’s visibility impairment (VI), and crash severity. Measured variables obtained from crash records were included in the SEM to define latent constructs, and the resulting network of relationships was tested. The results showed that crash data supported the model hypothesis well, and the measured/latent variables adequately predicted crash severity. Overall, SA and VI were demonstrated to positively affect crash severity with SA being the most influential factor. Moreover, it was demonstrated that road surface condition was the most influential factor of the SA measurement model, and weather condition was the most influential factor with respect to VI. Finally, a comparison between generalized SEM results and traditional crash severity modeling using ordered probit links was conducted. Similarities and differences between these two approaches were discussed at the end of the study.

scholarly journals The effect of individual intention on fraud behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Gugus Irianto ◽  
Roekhudin Roekhudin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to examine the effect of pressure, opportunity, rationalization on intention to commit fraud. This study also examines the effect of intention to commit fraud on fraud behavior by religiosity as the moderating variable. This research was conducted at the Village Government of Malang Regency. The sampling method uses the probability sampling method. The data in this study was obtained by distributing 191 questionnaires to respondents who served as village heads or village secretaries in the Village Government of Malang Regency. The analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the smartPLS program. The results show that opportunity and rationalization has a positive effect on the intention to commit fraud. Meanwhile, pressure does not affect the intention to commit fraud. The results also show that the intention to commit fraud has a positive effect on fraud behavior. Meanwhile, Religiosity does not moderate the effect of intention to commit fraud on fraud behavior.  

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING IN STUDYING THE POLITICAL RESPONSIBILITY AMONG STUDENTS OF PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Ummi Munirah Syuhada Mohamad Zan ◽  
Panji Hidayat Mazhisham ◽  
Mansor Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Political Literacy

The views and opinions of the Public Higher Education Institute (PHEI) students could change the landscape of politics and administration in the future. This study examined the political responsibility of students which is defined as an act of turnout in the campus selection process and the status of registration as a voter with the Election Commission (EC). The samples for this study were taken from five research universities (RU) with a total of 1349 students and the data is obtained from the Institute of Ethnic Studies. The purpose of this study was to develop an initial model of political responsibility. The analysis used is structural equation modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data of study correspond to the four latent variables in the measurement models of political responsibility which are media, perception, involvement and political literacy. Political literacy is the most influential factor for political responsibility besides perception and involvement.

scholarly journals Influence Cultural Organization, Assertive, Integrity, and Decision Making Towards Leadership Effectivity of the Village Chief on Gresik District

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 642-648
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
The Village

The goal of this research is to find the influence of the cultural organization, assertive, integrity, and decision making towards leadership effectivity of village chief from a district of Gresik. The research is held using the quantitative method using SEM (structural equation modeling). The result of this research found that (1) Cultural organization affect a positive and significant towards leadership effectivity. (2) Assertivity affect a positive and significant towards leadership effectivity;(3) Integrity affect a positive and significant towards leadership effectivity;(4) Decision making affect a positive and significant towards leadership effectivity; (5) Cultural organization affect a positive and significant towards decision making (6); Assertivity affect a positive and significant towards decision making; (7) Integrity affect a positive and significant towards decision making; (8) Cultural organization affect a positive and significant towards integrity; (9) Cultural organization affect a positive and significant towards assertive. Based on the result of the research we can conclude that Cultural organization, Assertive, Integrity, and Decision making affect a positive and significant towards leadership effectivity of village chief from a district of Gresik.

Testing the Assumption of Uncorrelated Errors for Short Scales by Means of Structural Equation Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Beauducel ◽  
Anja Leue
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Error Score ◽  
Classical Test Theory ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
True Score

It is shown that a minimal assumption should be added to the assumptions of Classical Test Theory (CTT) in order to have positive inter-item correlations, which are regarded as a basis for the aggregation of items. Moreover, it is shown that the assumption of zero correlations between the error score estimates is substantially violated in the population of individuals when the number of items is small. Instead, a negative correlation between error score estimates occurs. The reason for the negative correlation is that the error score estimates for different items of a scale are based on insufficient true score estimates when the number of items is small. A test of the assumption of uncorrelated error score estimates by means of structural equation modeling (SEM) is proposed that takes this effect into account. The SEM-based procedure is demonstrated by means of empirical examples based on the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised.

The Measurement Invariance of the Short Dark Triad

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
Mihaela Grigoraș ◽  
Andreea Butucescu ◽  
Amalia Miulescu ◽  
Cristian Opariuc-Dan ◽  
Dragoș Iliescu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Differential Functioning ◽  
Item Functioning

Abstract. Given the fact that most of the dark personality measures are developed based on data collected in low-stake settings, the present study addresses the appropriateness of their use in high-stake contexts. Specifically, we examined item- and scale-level differential functioning of the Short Dark Triad (SD3; Paulhus & Jones, 2011 ) measure across testing contexts. The Short Dark Triad was administered to applicant ( N = 457) and non-applicant ( N = 592) samples. Item- and scale-level invariances were tested using an Item Response Theory (IRT)-based approach and a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, respectively. Results show that more than half of the SD3 items were flagged for Differential Item Functioning (DIF), and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) results supported configural, but not metric invariance. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Childhood Intelligence Predicts Adult Trait Openness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Helen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Abstract. This study used a longitudinal data set of 5,672 adults followed for 50 years to determine the factors that influence adult trait Openness-to-Experience. In a large, nationally representative sample in the UK (the National Child Development Study), data were collected at birth, in childhood (age 11), adolescence (age 16), and adulthood (ages 33, 42, and 50) to examine the effects of family social background, childhood intelligence, school motivation during adolescence, education, and occupation on the personality trait Openness assessed at age 50 years. Structural equation modeling showed that parental social status, childhood intelligence, school motivation, education, and occupation all had modest, but direct, effects on trait Openness, among which childhood intelligence was the strongest predictor. Gender was not significantly associated with trait Openness. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

Celebrity Worship Among University Students in Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viren Swami ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic ◽  
Khairul Mastor ◽  
Fatin Hazwani Siran ◽  
Mohammad Mohsein Mohammad Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Movie Stars ◽  
Three Factor

The present study examined conceptual issues surrounding celebrity worship in a Malay-speaking population. In total, 512 Malay and 269 Chinese participants from Malaysia indicated who their favorite celebrity was and completed the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) as well as a range of demographic items. Results showed that the majority of Malay and Chinese participants selected pop stars and movie stars as their favourite celebrities, mirroring findings in Western settings. In addition, exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution of the CAS that was consistent with previous studies conducted in the West. Structural equation modeling further revealed that participant’s age was negatively associated with celebrity worship and that self-rated attractiveness was positively associated with celebrity worship. Overall, the present results suggest that celebrity worship in Malaysia may be driven by market and media forces, and future research may well be guided by use of the CAS.

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