Measurements of assimilable organic carbon (AOC) in high saline conditions using P17

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Eunjeong Mun ◽  
Sangyoup Lee ◽  
Inhyuk Kim ◽  
Boksoon Kwon ◽  
Heedueng Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Acetate Concentration ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Assimilable Organic Carbon ◽  
Salinity Water

Biofouling caused by the deposition or growth of microorganisms on the membrane surface is one of the major concerns in nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes. Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) has been a useful index to assess the growth potential of bacteria. In the case of drinking water, the AOC assay method has been widely applied to estimate growth or regrowth potential of bacteria in distribution and storage systems. However, studies on AOC measurement for high salinity water samples such as brackish water and seawater are rather scarce. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of water salinity on the conventional AOC assay method. AOC samples with different salt concentrations were prepared by varying NaCl concentration from 0 to 35,000 mg/L, while the acetate concentration was held at 100 μg/L. The number of cells produced in water samples was measured by the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) method using R2A agar. The result showed that the cell production of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain P17 and Spirillum strain NOX decreased with increasing salinity. Especially, the growth of Spirillum strain NOX was noticeably influenced by water salinity. To further observe the relation between acetate concentration and cell production in high salinity water, organic-free saline water samples were prepared by spiking NaCl in deionized (DI) water. The organic-free saline water samples were enriched with acetate of which concentration was varied to be 0–1,000 μg/L (as acetate). Also, P. fluorescens strain P17 was adjusted to high total dissolved solids (TDS) condition prior to being injected into the saline water samples. The result demonstrated that the amount of microorganisms increased with increasing acetate concentration. Although AOC measurement of saline water using Spirillum strain NOX seemed unacceptable, it was suggested that P. fluorescens strain P17 has the possibility to be used in measuring AOC in saline water. Moreover, the yield factor was altered as a result of reflecting salinity impact as the growth number of P. fluorescens strain P17 was unstable with high saline condition.

The Effect of High Salinity Water to the Compressive Strength of Mine Backfill Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 554-558
Author(s):  
Vu Hai Dang ◽  
Manoon Masniyom
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Mine Backfill ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
High Salt Content ◽  
Salinity Water

The effect of the high salinity water on the compressive strength of mine backfill was studied. Two types of salinity water: saturated and unsaturated brines were employed to mix with mine backfill materials, and the results were compared. The one with saturated brine had high salt content of 400 g/l while the other had 200 g/l. The results showed that compressive strength decreased with increasing salt content. The mine backfill with high salt content (saturated brine) exhibited the poorest compressive strength in which its strength decreased to approximately 50-70 % of the original strength gained from the backfill samples based on water without salt. Additionally, the optimal saline water solid ratio was 0.2.

The Origin of Cold High-Salinity Water in Foxe Basin

1964 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Cold Saline ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Foxe Basin ◽  
Salinity Water

During the 1955 cruise of HMCS Labrador to the Canadian Arctic an unusual mass of cold saline water was discovered in Foxe Basin and Channel. Temperatures as low as −1.90 °C were observed in association with salinities of the order of 33.75 and 34.00‰.An explanation of the origin of this water is presented and compared with additional studies conducted by the author in the same area in 1956.

scholarly journals MORFOFISIOLOGIA DE GENÓTIPOS DE GERGELIM SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES ESTRATÉGIAS DE USO DE ÁGUA SALINA

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Cassiano Nogueira de Lacerda ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Sesame Genotypes

MORFOFISIOLOGIA DE GENÓTIPOS DE GERGELIM SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES ESTRATÉGIAS DE USO DE ÁGUA SALINA     ANDRÉ ALISSON RODRIGUES DA SILVA1; CASSIANO NOGUEIRA DE LACERDA1; GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA1; LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES1; HANS RAJ GHEYI1 E PEDRO DANTAS FERNANDES1   1 Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, UFCG, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 - Universitário, Campina Grande, PB. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas e o acúmulo de fitomassas de genótipos de gergelim sob estratégias de uso de águas salinas. A pesquisa foi conduzida em casa de vegetação, em delineamento de blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 6 x 2, sendo seis estratégias de uso de águas salinas aplicadas nas diferentes fases fenológicas das plantas (SE-irrigação com água de baixa salinidade durante todo ciclo de cultivo; VE - irrigação com água de alta salinidade na fase vegetativa; FL - na fase de floração; FR na fase de frutificação; VE/FL - nas fases vegetativa/floração; VE/FR - nas fases vegetativa/frutificação) e dois genótipos de gergelim (BRS Seda e BRS Anahí), com quatro repetições. Foram aplicadas água com alta salinidade (2,7 dS m-1), em alternância com água com baixa concentração de sais (0,3 dS m-1), em fases diferentes do ciclo. A irrigação com água de 2,7 dS m-1 durante a fase de floração, e nas fases vegetativa/floração, não comprometeu a condutância estomática, transpiração e taxa de assimilação de CO2 dos genótipos de gergelim. A salinidade da água de 2,7 dS m-1 quando aplicada nas fases vegetativa/floração prejudicou o acúmulo de fitomassa pelas plantas de gergelim.   Palavras-chave: estresse salino, Sesamum indicum L., qualidade de água.     SILVA, A, A, R. da; LACERDA, C. N. de; LIMA, G. S. de; SOARES, L. A. dos A.; GHEYI, H. R.; FERNANDES, P.D. MORPHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SESAME GENOTYPES SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT STRATEGIES FOR THE USE OF SALINE WATER     2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange and phytomass accumulation of sesame genotypes under different strategies for the use of saline water. The research was conducted in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design in a 6 x 2 factorial arrangement, with six strategies for the use of saline water applied in the different phenological phases of the plants (SE - irrigation with low salinity water throughout the cultivation cycle; VE - irrigation with high salinity water in the vegetative phase; FL - in the flowering phase; FR - in the fruiting phase; VE/FL - in the vegetative/flowering phase; VE/FR - in the phases vegetative/fruiting) and two sesame genotypes (BRS Seda and BRS Anahí), with four replicates. Water with high salinity (2.7 dS m-1) was used, alternating with water with low salt concentration (0.3 dS m-1), at different stages of the crop cycle. Irrigation with water of 2.7 dS m-1 during the flowering phase, and in the vegetative/flowering phases, did not compromise the stomatal conductance, transpiration and CO2 assimilation rate of sesame genotypes. The water salinity of 2.7 dS m-1 applied in the vegetative/flowering phases impaired the accumulation of phytomass by sesame plants.   Keywords: saline stress, Sesamum indicum L., water quality.  

scholarly journals Yield and ion content in maize irrigated with saline water in a continuous or alternating system

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1731-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe de Sousa Barbosa ◽  
Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Gabriel Castro Farias ◽  
Ricardo José da Costa Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Maize Plants

Irrigation with water containing salt in excess can affect crop development. However, management strategies can be used in order to reduce the impacts of salinity, providing increased efficiency in the use of good quality water. The objective of this research was to study the effects of use of high salinity water for irrigation, in continuous or cyclic manner, on vegetative growth, yield, and accumulation of ions in maize plants. Two experiments were conducted during the months from October to January of the years 2008/2009 and 2009/2010, in the same area, adopting a completely randomized block design with four replications. Irrigation was performed with three types of water with electrical conductivities (ECw) of 0.8 (A1), 2.25 (A2) and 4.5 (A3) dS m-1, combined in seven treatments including the control with low salinity water (A1) throughout the crop cycle (T1). Saline waters (A2 and A3) were applied continuously (T2 and T5) or in a cyclic way, the latter being formed by six irrigations with A1 water followed by six irrigations by eitherA2 or A3 water, starting with A1 at sowing (T3 and T6) or 6 irrigations with A2 or A3 water followed by 6 irrigations with A1 water (T4 and T7) . The use of low and high salinity water resulted in lower accumulation of potentially toxic ions (Na and Cl) and improvement in the Na/K balance in the shoots of maize plants. Application of saline water in a cyclic way also allows the substitution of about 50% of water of low salinity in irrigation, without negative impacts on maize yield.

Purge-and-trap ion chromatography for the determination of trace ammonium ion in high-salinity water samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 1188 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yen Wang ◽  
Jing-Yi Wu ◽  
Hung-Jhen Chen ◽  
Tzung-Yi Lin ◽  
Chien-Hou Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Purge And Trap ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

scholarly journals PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SESAME GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT STRATEGIES OF SALINE WATER APPLICATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
CASSIANO NOGUEIRA DE LACERDA ◽  
LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
RAILENE HÉRICA CARLOS ROCHA ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
Total Seed

ABSTRACT In semiarid areas, the scarcity of water with low salt concentration associated with irregular precipitation becomes a limiting factor to ensure agricultural production. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and production of sesame genotypes under different strategies of use of saline water. The experiment was conducted under protected environment conditions, using a randomized block design in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, and the treatments consisted of six strategies for the use of saline water in the different stages of plant development (SE = irrigation with low-salinity water throughout the cultivation cycle; VE, FL, FR, VE/FL and VE/FR - respectively, irrigation with high-salinity water at the vegetative stage, flowering, fruiting, vegetative/flowering and vegetative/fruiting) and two sesame genotypes (BRS Seda and BRS Anahí), with 4 replicates. Irrigation with high-salinity water (ECw = 2.7 dS m-1) during the vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages did not compromise sesame production. There were reductions in sesame growth when irrigation with high-salinity water was continuously applied at the vegetative/flowering stages and in sesame production when it was applied during the vegetative/flowering and vegetative/fruiting stages. The greater growth of BRS Seda sesame plants resulted in an increase in the total number of fruits and in the total seed weight.

Monthly Water Exchange through the Ryukyu Islands Revealed by Salinity Structural Changes

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2335-2339
Author(s):  
Ya Pan Liu ◽  
Jian Cheng Kang ◽  
Jiong Zhu ◽  
Qin Chen Han
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
High Salinity Water ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
World Ocean Atlas

Using salinity database of World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09) issued by NOAA in 2010, refer the range of high-salinity tongue to indicate the strength about high-salinity water, from the perspective of structural changes of salinity; the water exchange through Ryukyu Islands upper 500 m have been analyzed, the results show that: due to Ryukyu Trough, currents on both sides of Ryukyu Islands occur exchange, for upper 500 m, high-salinity water in east of the Ryukyu Islands mainly invade the west waterthe Kuroshio in East China Sea; the intrusion strength is powerful from the depth of 100 m to 200 m, and the 150 m layer is the core layer of high-salinity water intrusion; the high-salinity water at the east of Ryukyu Islands invades the Kuroshio are stronger in March, May, June, September, October and November, are weaker in April and December.

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