Comparing heterotrophic and hydrogen-based autotrophic denitrification reactors for effluent water quality and post-treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youneng Tang ◽  
Michal Ziv-El ◽  
Kerry Meyer ◽  
Chen Zhou ◽  
Jung Hun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
The Impact

This work compares a pilot-scale H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) and a pilot-scale packed-bed heterotrophic reactor (PBHR) for denitrification of nitrate-contaminated groundwater. The comparison includes the effluent water quality of the denitrification reactors (NO3−, NO2−, dissolved oxygen, SO42−, (biodegradable) dissolved organic carbon, heterotrophic plate counts (HPC), turbidity, NH4+, and pH), and the impact of post-treatment on water quality. At the same nitrate carrier-surface loading, effluent water quality was generally better directly from the MBfR than from the PBHR. However, post treatment including an ozone-contact tank and a post-filter brought the finished-water quality for both systems to roughly the same level, which met all drinking water standards except for HPC.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Removal of Soluble Metal Species and Nitrate from Acidic and Saline Industrial Wastewater in a Pilot Scale Biofilm Reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Mendrinou ◽  
Artin Hatzikioseyian ◽  
Pavlina Kousi ◽  
Paschalis Oustadakis ◽  
Petros Tsakiridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Treatment Unit

Abstract Α pilot scale packed-bed biofilm reactor was set up and monitored for the treatment of wastewater originating from the hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs). The wastewater is characterized by: (a) low pH, (b) residual soluble metal species and (c) elevated concentrations of nitrate and chloride originating from the use of nitric and hydrochloric acid as leaching agents. Such wastewater could be treated in a bioreactor capable for the simultaneous removal of metals and nitrates, through complete denitrification, in presence of elevated chloride concentrations. However, the possible inhibitory effects of metals as well as the metals bioprecipitation should be investigated experimentally. Biological denitrification was studied under extreme conditions in the bioreactor inoculated with Halomonas denitrificans: at (a) pH 3-8; (b) metal content (Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe) at 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively (c) nitrate concentration 750-5,750 mg/L NO3- and (d) chloride concentration 5%-10% as NaCl. According to the results, denitrification proceeds rapidly through the formation of nitrite as intermediate which is sequentially reduced completely to nitrogen. The presence of metals does not affect the denitrification process. Iron, zinc, copper and nickel are sequestered from the wastewater via bioprecipitation. Both goals, namely metals removal and complete reduction of nitrate in presence of elevated concentrations of chloride, were successfully achieved by the treatment scheme. The proposed simple, robust and low-cost biological treatment unit is advantageous compared to the conventional wastewater treatment, based on metal precipitation via chemical neutralization, where the problem of nitrate removal remains unresolved.

scholarly journals Application of multivariate methods and geoestatistics to model the relationship between CO2 emissions and physicochemical variables in the Hidrosogamoso reservoir, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingry Natalia Gómez Miranda ◽  
Fabio Vélez Macías ◽  
Gustavo Antonio Peñuela Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Physicochemical Variables ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Aim This article deals with the estimation of a model for CO2 emissions in the Hidrosogamoso reservoir based on the organic matter level and water quality. This is in order to determine the impact of the creation of a tropical reservoir on the generation of greenhouse gases (GHG), and to establish the water quality and emissions dynamics. We hypothesize that the spatial variability of emissions is determined by water quality and carbon cycling in water. Methods Multivariate techniques were applied to determine the relationships between CO2 and certain physicochemical variables measured in the reservoir between February and May 2015, taking samples in 10 stations and measuring 14 variables (water quality parameters and CO2). Factor, cluster, discriminant and regression analysis, as well as the geostatistical technique kriging, were used. Results We observed that all variables except dissolved organic carbon have strong linear relationships. Nitrate, total-P, total solids and total suspended solids are related due to the presence of nutrients in the water; chlorophyll a and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon due to organic carbon; and alkalinity and dissolved solids due to dissolved minerals. The sampling stations can be classified into two homogeneous groups. The first consists of the stations peripheral to the reservoir and the second of stations inside the reservoir. This difference is due mainly to the behavior of chlorophyll a and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon, and these two variables are also the best predictors for CO2, with a maximum adjustment of 70%. Conclusions Our main conclusion is that the production of CO2 is due to decomposition of flooded organic carbon, depends on the soils flooded and the tributary water quality, and that the production of this gas will, based on the literature, continue for 5 to 10 years depending on the nature of the forest flooded.

Bioreduction of nitrate in groundwater using a pilot-scale hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youneng Tang ◽  
Michal Ziv-El ◽  
Chen Zhou ◽  
Jung Hun Shin ◽  
Chang Hoon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor

Discfiltration and ozonation for reduction of nutrients and organic micro-pollutants from wastewater – a pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Väänänen ◽  
F. Nilsson ◽  
J. la Cour Jansen ◽  
M. Hörsing ◽  
M. Hagman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Micro Pollutants

The combination of coagulation/flocculation and discfiltration with ozonation to reduce nutrients and organic micro-pollutants in secondary effluent was studied in pilot scale at Lundåkraverket wastewater treatment plant in Landskrona, Sweden. With a chemical dose of 4 gAl3+/m3 and 1.5 g/m3 cationic polymer as active material effluent water quality with regards to total phosphorous (Tot-P), suspended solids and turbidity were 0.03, 2 mg/l and 0.5 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) in average. The effluent water quality was similar whether ozonation with an applied ozone dose of 2–9 gO3/m3 was performed prior to or after coagulation/flocculation/discfiltration. The results were corresponding to removal efficiencies for the coagulation/flocculation/discfiltration process of 94, 74 and 85% for Tot-P, suspended solids and turbidity, respectively. For organic micro-pollutants removal, it was found to be beneficial to perform coagulation/flocculation/discfiltration prior to ozonation as the ozone requirements were lowered for the dosing intervals applied. The removal was in the range of 38–98% depending on process configuration and ozone dose.

scholarly journals Pilot Demonstration of Reclaiming Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Using Electrodialysis Reversal: Effect of Operational Parameters on Water Quality

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Xuesong Xu ◽  
Qun He ◽  
Guanyu Ma ◽  
Huiyao Wang ◽  
Nagamany Nirmalakhandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Salt Flux ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
The Impact

The modification of ion composition is important to meet product water quality requirements, such as adjusting the sodium adsorption ratio of reclaimed water for irrigation. Bench- and pilot-scale experiments were conducted using an electrodialysis reversal (EDR) system with Ionics normal grade ion-exchange membranes (CR67 and AR204) to treat the reclaimed water in the Scottsdale Water Campus, Arizona. The goal is to investigate the impact of operating conditions on improving reclaimed water quality for irrigation and stream flow augmentation. The desalting efficiency, expressed as electrical conductivity (EC) reduction, was highly comparable at the same current density between the bench- and pilot-scale EDR systems, proportional to the ratio of residence time in the electrodialysis stack. The salt flux was primarily affected by the current density independent of flow rate, which is associated with linear velocity, boundary layer condition, and residence time. Monovalent-selectivity in terms of equivalent removal of divalent ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42−) over monovalent ions (Na+, Cl−) was dominantly affected by both current density and water recovery. The techno-economic modeling indicated that EDR treatment of reclaimed water is more cost-effective than the existing ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis (UF/RO) process in terms of unit operation and maintenance cost and total life cycle cost. The EDR system could achieve 92–93% overall water recovery compared to 88% water recovery of the UF/RO system. In summary, electrodialysis is demonstrated as a technically feasible and cost viable alternative to treat reclaimed water for irrigation and streamflow augmentation.

Continuous Biological Phosphorus Removal in a Biofilm Reactor

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2027-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Gonçalves ◽  
F. Rogalla
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Limiting Parameters ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Mechanisms for biological phosphorus removal from wastewaters in an upflow granular aerated filter are evaluated. The feasibility of excess phosphorus uptake on fixed bacteria is demonstrated on pilot scale and the limiting parameters are established. The influence of the duration of anaerobic and aerobic states and of substrate loadings on phosphorus removal is verified, as well as the impact of alternating aeration on nitrification. Because bacteria are attached, hydraulic retention time of biomass and water can be separated and the exposure of bacteria to anaerobic or aerated conditions can be optimised.

scholarly journals Nitrate Removal and Dynamics of Microbial Community of A Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor at Diverse Nitrate Loadings and Distances from Hydrogen Supply End

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3196
Author(s):  
Minmin Jiang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Yuhang Yuan ◽  
Yuchao Chen ◽  
Hua Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Back Diffusion ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
The Impact

The back-diffusion of inactive gases severely inhibits the hydrogen (H2) delivery rate of the close-end operated hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (H2-based MBfR). Nevertheless, less is known about the response of microbial communities in H2-based MBfR to the impact of the gases’ back-diffusion. In this research, the denitrification performance and microbial dynamics were studied in a H2-based MBfR operated at close-end mode with a fixed H2 pressure of 0.04 MPa and fed with nitrate (NO3−) containing influent. Results of single-factor and microsensor measurement experiments indicate that the H2 availability was the decisive factor that limits NO3− removal at the influent NO3− concentration of 30 mg N/L. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that (1) the increase of NO3− loading from 10 to 20–30 mg N/L resulted in the shift of dominant functional bacteria from Dechloromonas to Hydrogenophaga in the biofilm; (2) excessive NO3− loading led to the declined relative abundance of Hydrogenophaga and basic metabolic pathways as well as counts of most denitrifying enzyme genes; and (3) in most cases, the decreased quantity of N metabolism-related functional bacteria and genes with increasing distance from the H2 supply end corroborates that the microbial community structure in H2-based MBfR was significantly impacted by the gases’ back-diffusion.

Application of a Pilot-Scale Pulsed Electrocoagulation system to OCC-Based Paper Mill Effluent

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN-SHING PERNG ◽  
EUGENE I-CHEN WANG ◽  
SHIH-TSUNG YU ◽  
AN-YI CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
True Color

Trends toward closure of white water recirculation loops in papermaking often lead to a need for system modifications. We conducted a pilot-scale study using pulsed electrocoagulation technology to treat the effluent of an old corrugated containerboard (OCC)-based paper mill in order to evaluate its treatment performance. The operating variables were a current density of 0–240 A/m2, a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8–16 min, and a coagulant (anionic polyacrylamide) dosage of 0–22 mg/L. Water quality indicators investigated were electrical con-ductivity, suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and true color. The results were encouraging. Under the operating conditions without coagulant addition, the highest removals for conductivity, SS, COD, and true color were 39.8%, 85.7%, 70.5%, and 97.1%, respectively (with an HRT of 16 min). The use of a coagulant enhanced the removal of both conductivity and COD. With an optimal dosage of 20 mg/L and a shortened HRT of 10 min, the highest removal achieved for the four water quality indicators were 37.7%, 88.7%, 74.2%, and 91.7%, respectively. The water qualities thus attained should be adequate to allow reuse of a substantial portion of the treated effluent as process water makeup in papermaking.

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