WaterNetGen: an EPANET extension for automatic water distribution network models generation and pipe sizing

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Muranho ◽  
Ana Ferreira ◽  
Joaquim Sousa ◽  
Abel Gomes ◽  
Alfeu Sá Marques
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Synthetic Models ◽  
Total Water Demand ◽  
Selection Of

This paper focuses on the generation of synthetic models of water distribution networks (WDN). Models are widely used in many fields related with WDN planning and operation. Therefore, the main contribution of this work is to provide an automatic procedure to build models with the well-known EPANET tool in a manner that, with a small amount of input data and a few clicks, the user can build a network topology and assign suitable pipe diameters. For that purpose, a new application, called WaterNetGen, was designed and implemented as an extension to the EPANET software. WaterNetGen can be used to generate synthetic models of WDN, with several hundred nodes and pipes, within a few minutes. The sizing capability allows the selection of commercial diameters, such that the final network design satisfies certain user-defined design constraints, like minimum diameter, maximum velocity and minimum pressure. The total water demand is allocated to the pipes taking into account their length and a demand coefficient. The water demand of each pipe is then assigned to its start and end nodes and follows a specific demand pattern.

scholarly journals Optimal Valve Operation for Restoring Functionality of WDN during Critical Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Mirjam Blokker ◽  
Cristiana Di Cristo ◽  
Annalisa Gentile ◽  
Rudy Gargano ◽  
Karel van Laarhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Valve Operation ◽  
Selection Of

Water distribution networks are expected to fulfill the water demand by all consumers and at all times, even during critical scenarios, such as pipe failures. In this work, a methodology is proposed to maximize the quality of service during pipe failures by operating valves. The selection of the valves to operate is done by solving an optimization problem using Gondwana, a generic optimization tool for drinking water distribution networks. Different objective functions and different failure scenarios are investigated, considering a real-life water distribution network. The analysis is performed considering the peak demand condition. The proposed methodology is useful for water companies in managing the operation of their networks during critical scenarios.

scholarly journals Robust Design of a Real-Life Water Distribution Network under Different Demand Scenarios

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Ina Vertommen ◽  
Karel van Laarhoven ◽  
Maria da Conceição Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Robust Design ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
And Performance

In this paper a scenario-based robust optimization approach is proposed to take demand uncertainty into account in the design of water distribution networks. This results in insight in the trade-off between costs and performance of different designs. Within the proposed approach the designer is able to choose the desired degree of risk aversion, and the performance of the design can be assessed based on the water demand effectively supplied under different scenarios. Both future water demand scenarios and scenarios based on historical records are considered. The approach is applied to the design of a real-life water distribution network supplying part of a city in the Netherlands. From the results the relation between costs and performance for different scenarios becomes evident: a more robust design requires higher design costs. Moreover, it is proven that numerical optimization helps finding better design solutions when compared to manual approaches. The developed approach allows water utilities to make informed choices about how much to invest in their infrastructure and how to design it in order to achieve a certain level of robustness.

scholarly journals Optimal pump selection for variable speed operation in water distribution network

RBRH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Salomé Móller ◽  
Gustavo Meirelles Lima ◽  
Bruno Melo Brentan ◽  
Daniel Bezerra Barros
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The optimization of pumping stations operation in water distribution networks has been largely studied, especially with the development of speed drivers, which allowed the machines to adjust the hydraulic power inserted to the system according to the demand requirements. Although this approach results in high benefits, the original characteristics of pumps remains the same. Consequently, the pumps can be operating in a range of suboptimal efficiency. Thus, this paper will evaluate the benefits that an optimized pump selection can bring for variable speed operation. The selection of the pumps best efficiency point and the number of pumps operating in parallel are defined applying Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to minimize the energy costs of the system. For the case study, the results show that there is no benefit when more pumps are operated in parallel, and that a flexible operational routine significantly reduces the energy expenses, especially when the pump is selected for this purpose.

A study on appropriate investment of pipeline rehabilitation for water distribution network

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. Asakura ◽  
A. Koizumi ◽  
O. Odanagi ◽  
H. Watanabe ◽  
T. Inakazu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Model Case

In Japan most of the water distribution networks were constructed during the 1960s to 1970s. Since these pipelines were used for a long period, pipeline rehabilitation is necessary to maintain water supply. Although investment for pipeline rehabilitation has to be planned in terms of cost-effectiveness, no standard method has been established because pipelines were replaced on emergency and ad hoc basis in the past. In this paper, a method to determine the maintenance of the water supply on an optimal basis with a fixed budget for a water distribution network is proposed. Firstly, a method to quantify the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation is examined. Secondly, two models using Integer Programming and Monte Carlo simulation to maximize the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation with limited budget were considered, and they are applied to a model case and a case study. Based on these studies, it is concluded that the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the appropriate investment for the pipeline rehabilitation planning is both convenient and practical.

scholarly journals Optimal placement of valves in a water distribution network with CLP(FD)

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 731-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSIMILIANO CATTAFI ◽  
MARCO GAVANELLI ◽  
MADDALENA NONATO ◽  
STEFANO ALVISI ◽  
MARCO FRANCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Logic Programming ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Constraint Logic Programming ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Isolation System

AbstractThis paper presents a new application of logic programming to a real-life problem in hydraulic engineering. The work is developed as a collaboration of computer scientists and hydraulic engineers, and applies Constraint Logic Programming to solve a hard combinatorial problem. This application deals with one aspect of the design of a water distribution network, i.e., the valve isolation system design. We take the formulation of the problem by Giustolisi and Savić (2008 Optimal design of isolation valve system for water distribution networks. InProceedings of the 10th Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Conference WDSA2008, J. Van Zyl, A. Ilemobade, and H. Jacobs, Eds.) and show how, thanks to constraint propagation, we can get better solutions than the best solution known in the literature for the Apulian distribution network. We believe that the area of the so-calledhydroinformaticscan benefit from the techniques developed in Constraint Logic Programming and possibly from other areas of logic programming, such as Answer Set Programming.

scholarly journals Limitations of demand- and pressure-driven modeling for large deficient networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Braun ◽  
Olivier Piller ◽  
Jochen Deuerlein ◽  
Iraj Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Computer Applications ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Pressure Driven

Abstract. The calculation of hydraulic state variables for a network is an important task in managing the distribution of potable water. Over the years the mathematical modeling process has been improved by numerous researchers for utilization in new computer applications and the more realistic modeling of water distribution networks. But, in spite of these continuous advances, there are still a number of physical phenomena that may not be tackled correctly by current models. This paper will take a closer look at the two modeling paradigms given by demand- and pressure-driven modeling. The basic equations are introduced and parallels are drawn with the optimization formulations from electrical engineering. These formulations guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the solution. One of the central questions of the French and German research project ResiWater is the investigation of the network resilience in the case of extreme events or disasters. Under such extraordinary conditions where models are pushed beyond their limits, we talk about deficient network models. Examples of deficient networks are given by highly regulated flow, leakage or pipe bursts and cases where pressure falls below the vapor pressure of water. These examples will be presented and analyzed on the solvability and physical correctness of the solution with respect to demand- and pressure-driven models.

scholarly journals Technical note: Problem specific variators in a genetic algorithm for the optimization of drinking water networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel van Laarhoven ◽  
Ina Vertommen ◽  
Peter van Thienen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Real World ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Utility Level ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Abstract. Genetic algorithms can be a powerful tool for the automated design of optimal drinking water distribution networks. Fast convergence of such algorithms is a crucial factor for successful practical implementation at the drinking water utility level. In this technical note, we therefore investigate the performance of a suite of genetic variators that was tailored to the optimisation of a least-cost network design. Different combinations of the variators are tested in terms of convergence rate and the robustness of the results during optimisation of the real world drinking water distribution network of Sittard, the Netherlands. The variator configurations that reproducibly reach the furthest convergence after 105 function evaluations are reported. In the future these may aid in dealing with the computational challenges of optimizing real world networks.

scholarly journals Proposal of optimal operation strategy applied to water distribution network with statistical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva ◽  
Fernando Das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
André Carlos da Silva ◽  
José Antonio Tosta dos Reis ◽  
Claudio Lindemberg de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Computational Optimization ◽  
Depth Analysis

 Inefficiency of sanitation companies’ operation procedures threatens the population’s future supplies. Thus, it is essential to increase water and energy efficiency in order to meet future demand. Optimization techniques are important tools for the analysis of complex problems, as in distribution networks for supply. Currently, genetic algorithms are recognized by their application in literature. In this regard, an optimization model of water distribution network is proposed, using genetic algorithms. The difference in this research is a methodology based on in-depth analysis of results, using statistics and the design of experimental tools and software. The proposed technique was applied to a theoretical network developed for the study. Preliminary simulations were accomplished using EPANET, representing the main causes of water and energy inefficiency in Brazilian sanitation companies. Some parameters were changed in applying this model, such as reservoir level, pipe diameter, pumping pressures, and valve-closing percentage. These values were established by the design of experimental techniques. As output, we obtained the equation of response surface, optimized, which resulted in values of established hydraulic parameters. From these data, the obtained parameters in computational optimization algorithms were applied, resulting in losses of 26.61%, improvement of 16.19 p.p. with regard to the network without optimization, establishing an operational strategy involving three pumps and a pressure-reducing valve.  We conclude that the association of optimization and the planning of experimental techniques constitutes an encouraging method to deal with the complexity of water-distribution network optimization.

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