scholarly journals A joint power and desalination plant for Sinai and the Gaza Strip

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed Bashitialshaaer ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Joint Power ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Desalination can be a cost-effective way to produce fresh water and possibly electricity. The Gaza Strip has had a complex hydro-political situation for many years. Gaza is bordered by the Mediterranean sea in the west, by Israel to the north and east and by Egypt in the south. Water and electricity consumption in the Gaza Strip is expected to increase in the future due to the increasing population. In this paper, a solution for Sinai and the Gaza Strip is suggested involving the building of a joint power and desalination plant, located in Egypt close to the border with Gaza. The suggested joint project would increase drinking water supply by 500,000 m3/d and the power supply by 500 MW, of which two thirds is suggested to be used in Gaza and one third in Sinai. The present lack of electricity and water in Gaza could be erased by such a project. But Egypt will probably gain more: more water and electricity for the future development of Sinai and Gaza; a significant value will be added to the sale of Egyptian natural gas; more employment opportunities for Sinai people; the domestic market for operation and maintenance of desalination plants can be boosted by the suggested project; Egypt may naturally and peacefully increase its cooperation with and presence in Gaza, which should lead to increased security. This type of project could also get international support and can be a role-model for cooperation and trust-building between neighbours.

Decolonizing Palestine

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Somdeep Sen
Keyword(s):  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
Legislative Council ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
The Future ◽  
Armed Resistance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Civilian Authority

This chapter provides an overview of the Palestinian struggle for liberation and describes the author's fieldwork in the Gaza Strip, Israel, and Egypt, conducted between 2013 and 2016. The Gaza Strip as a whole became a place of contradictions when Hamas adopted a dual mode of existence following its historic victory in the 2006 Palestinian Legislative Council elections. After the unequivocal triumph of the Islamist faction, Fatah refused to be part of the Hamas government. Over the course of the 2007 Battle of Gaza, Hamas then consolidated its rule over the Gaza Strip while maintaining its commitment to the armed resistance. In doing so, Hamas oscillated between the images of the postcolonial state and an anticolonial movement. As the government in the Gaza Strip, it represented a civilian authority posturing like the future Palestinian state. However, by remaining committed to the armed struggle, Hamas also recognized the fact that Palestine is far from being liberated.

scholarly journals Quantification of Recharge and Runoff from Rainfall Using New GIS Tool: Example of the Gaza Strip Aquifer

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf M. Mushtaha ◽  
Marc Van Camp ◽  
Kristine Walraevens
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
The North ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
The Gaza Strip

The Gaza Strip forms a transition zone between the semi-humid coastal zone in the north, the semi-arid zone in the east, and the Sinai desert in the south. Groundwater is the only water source for 1.94 million inhabitants, where the only fresh replenishment water for the aquifer comes from rainfall. This study focuses on testing a newly developed GIS tool to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of runoff and recharge from rainfall. The estimation of surface runoff was made using the Soil Conservation Services Curve Number Method, while groundwater recharge was estimated using Thornthwaite and Mather’s Soil Moisture Balance approach. The new tool was applied to the Gaza aquifer for the year 1935 and for the period from 1973 to 2016. A comparison was made between the results obtained with the developed GIS tool and the frequently used Thiessen polygon method for rainfall distribution. Runoff and recharge were estimated for the year 1935 (prior to development) to compare with the current developed conditions. It was found that the built-up and sand dune areas stand in an inverse relationship, where the former is replacing the latter (built-up area expanded from 30.1 km2 in 1982 to 92.1 km2 in 2010). Recharge takes place in the sand dune area, whereas runoff increases in the built-up area. Due to development, runoff almost tripled from 9 million m3 in 1982 to 22.9 million m3 in 2010, while groundwater recharge was reduced from 27.3 million m3 in 1982 to 23 million m3 in 2010, even though the rainfall increased between 1982 and 2010 by 11%. Comparison between the newly developed GIS tool and the Thiessen polygon-based estimation shows that the former leads to higher values of runoff and recharge for dry years.

Brackish water RO desalination plant in the Gaza Strip

Desalination ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Frenkel ◽  
Tamir Gourgi
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
The Gaza Strip

درجة تحقق الدور المستقبلي للطلبة المعلمين بالجامعات الفلسطينية المعتمد على توظيف المستحدثات التكنولوجية المعاصرة

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Rafat M. S. El-Ewadi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The Future ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Palestinian Universities

The study aimed to get to know the Degree check of the future role of the Pre-service teachers Palestinian universities based on the employment of modern technological innovations in their view, For achieving the study objectives, the researcher has developed a questionnaire consists of (62) paragraphs, whereas the study population consists of (794) students from the Palestinian Universities, and hired a researcher statistical methods (SPSS) .The study found that the Degree check of the future role of the Pre-service teachers Palestinian universities based on the employment of modern technological innovations from the perspective of students' ability (3.52), a with a relative weight (70.3%) among the study sample. The findings revealed that there were no statistically significant differences at (α≤0.05) in the future role of Pre-service teachers Palestinian universities based on the employment of modern technological innovations as seen by university Pre-service teachers the Gaza Strip due to the variable sex (male, female), and variable university in both (Al-Azhar and Al-Aqsa); while no statistically significant due to the variable university estimate differences, there is a difference in the degree of response among the study sample attributed to (excellent / very good). The study made a number of recommendations and suggestions.

إدارة الطوارئ في محطات معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي حالة دراسة: محطة الشمال في بيت لاهيا

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Alaa Mahmoud Msalam ◽  
Nizam M. El-Ashgar ◽  
Mohamad Ramadan Alagha
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
The North ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Gaza Strip

The aim of this study is to identify the potential risks to the North Station (Beit Lahiya Station and the North Emergency Station), and to prepare emergency response procedures in the sewage treatment plant in Northern Gaza. The researchers followed the descriptive and analytical approach of the sources and reports issued by the institutions related to the sewage stations in the Gaza Strip. The study also included interviews with engineers at the station to analyze and assess the risks to the North station, to identify indicators to prevent flooding of Umm al-Nasr village, and to identify preventive measures to avoid disasters. The study also recommended the necessity of finishing the development of the North Emergency Station Project to accommodate the cumulative increase in the amount of treated water, as well as work on the preparation of contingency plans to deal with the expected risks and the preparation of preparedness and response procedures for each risk.

The Future of the Law of Occupation

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 107-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen E. Boon
Keyword(s):  
Gaza Strip ◽  
First Century ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Jus Post Bellum ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
Unified Command

SummaryThe law of occupation has become the subject of great contemporary interest because of two prominent, although sui generis, situations: the long-term Israeli occupation of the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights and the “transformative” occupation of Iraq. In both situations, the occupying powers resisted the label of belligerent occupier and selectively applied the 1907 Hague Regulations and the 1949 Geneva Conventions to the territories in question. The unique circumstances of these occupations have sparked vigorous debate over the future of the law of occupation. To wit, is the widely accepted, but largely unenforced, law of occupation capable of regulating transitions between armed conflict and peace in the twenty-first century? This article examines recent developments in the notoriously open-textured law of occupation that have arisen as this law has been variously ignored, invoked, challenged, examined, and ultimately reformed through practice. In particular, it discusses the triggers for beginning and ending an occupation, including recent jurisprudence on the “effective control” test. The article examines who can be an occupier, the question of “multiple occupiers” under unified command, and the obligations of occupiers in the areas of legislation and institutional reform. The author also considers the challenges of UN involvement in transitional situations, including the applicability of the law of occupation to UN forces and the role of the Security Council in adapting the law of occupation. The author concludes with a discussion of the principle of “conservationism” and the relationship between the law of occupation and jus post bellum, in order to provide an assessment of possible “futures” of the law of occupation.

Electricity conservation opportunities within private university campuses in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muntasir Murshed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Private University ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
The North ◽  
Electricity Conservation ◽  
The Cost

The mushroom growth of universities in the developing economies, in particular, is believed to be a key contributor to the relentless aggravation in the overall demand for electricity. Moreover, the large university campuses are often compared to cities whereby the associated electricity-consumption within these campuses are also referred to account for a bulk of the total urban electricity consumption. Thus, conservation of electricity within the campus has become a core agenda of universities in quest of ensuring respective campus sustainability. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to highlight and recommend the cost-effective and best-practiced techniques applied to conserve electricity within the private universities in Bangladesh. As part of the methodology, a cost–benefit analysis of electricity conservation is put forward in the context of a case study of the North South University, the largest private university in Bangladesh. The results from the analyses imply that proper implementation of the electricity conservation and efficiency enhancement techniques within the campus can effectively cut down the total electricity bills by almost one-third and simultaneously account for a 5% reduction in the total electricity demand within the campus.

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