Genetic algorithm-based optimization of water resources allocation under drought conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Rao ◽  
D. Debski ◽  
D. Webb ◽  
R. Harpin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Water Resource System ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Scarce Water ◽  
Operating Strategies ◽  
Multiple Reservoir ◽  
City Of London

The efficient allocation of increasingly scarce water resources is a growing challenge worldwide, particularly during times of drought. This paper describes the development and application of an innovative technique to optimize the allocation of raw water supply to the city of London, UK during a period of drought in 2006. Using genetic algorithms, an optimization tool was developed to derive near-optimal operating strategies for the water company's multiple reservoir system for different projected rainfall scenarios and also to test the robustness of drought contingency strategies for operating the reservoirs down to a lower level under a severe drought condition. The project demonstrated that this approach is rigorous yet practical, the optimization technique is robust and effective and that optimal water allocation is an efficient measure to overcome water scarcity under drought conditions and mitigate consequent impacts. The potential application of genetic algorithms to the day to day operation of a complex water resource system represents a step-change in the industry's approach to managing such systems.

scholarly journals Towards understanding hydroclimatic change in Victoria, Australia – why was the last decade so dry?

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 6181-6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Kiem ◽  
D. C. Verdon-Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Hydroclimatic Change ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. Since the mid-1990s Victoria, located in southeast Australia, has experienced severe drought conditions characterized by streamflow that is the lowest on record in many areas. While severe decreases in annual and seasonal rainfall totals have also been observed, this alone does not seem to explain the observed reduction in flow. In this study, we investigate the large-scale climate drivers for Victoria and demonstrate how these modulate the regional scale synoptic patterns, which in turn alter the way seasonal rainfall totals are compiled and the amount of runoff per unit rainfall that is produced. The hydrological implications are significant and illustrate the need for robust hydrological modelling, which takes into account insights into physical mechanisms that drive regional hydroclimatology, in order to properly understand and quantify the impacts of climate change (natural and/or anthropogenic) on water resources.

scholarly journals Identifying the Drought Impact Factors and Developing Drought Scenarios using the DSD Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyeon Lim ◽  
Donghwi Jung
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Impact Factor ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Drought Impact ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Effective Policy

Abstract Due to climate change, droughts have become increasingly severe and frequent. Droughts do not simply create water scarcity but also various socio-economic issues. Therefore, it is necessary to manage droughts on the government level through water resource management policies that consider drought conditions. The drought characteristics within each administrative division need to be closely analyzed for effective policy. In this study, a drought impact factor analysis using the DSD model was presented as a method. Through the relationship between various hydrometeorological factors and drought index, the drought impact factor was identified for each area. For South Korea, meteorological factors have a greater impact on droughts than hydrological factors. Identified drought impact factors are analyzed depending on spatio-temporal variability to recognize the features in various aspects of droughts. For the temporal variability, water demand change and severe drought period are considered. Also, for the spatial variability, based on the type of water demand, administrative divisions are grouped into four zones and analyzed accordingly. Finally, a drought scenario based on identified drought impact factor was constructed to present the probable drought conditions in the future. Components of drought scenario reflect the organization of water resources within an area and it combine the each level of components. Through the constructed drought scenarios, it is possible to establish an effective policy for managing water resources considering the drought condition.

scholarly journals Transboundary water allocation in critical scarcity conditions: a stochastic bankruptcy approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahmir Janjua ◽  
Ishtiaq Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Stochastic Game ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Water Resource System ◽  
Strategic Information ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Scarce Water ◽  
Stochastic Setting ◽  
Resource System

Abstract A common problem in water resource allocation is to design a stable and feasible mechanism of water sharing in critical scarcity conditions. The task becomes very challenging when the water demand exceeds the available water resources reserves. To address this pervasive allocation problem related to transboundary rivers, the bankruptcy method is used. The bankruptcy method distributes water among riparian states when their total demand exceeds the total available water. This paper describes a new methodology for the allocation of scarce water resources in a complex system using a stochastic game theory which is an extension of bankruptcy theory. The authors have also proposed ‘weighted bankruptcy’ approach that can be used under a stochastic setting. The weighted bankruptcy approach favors agents with ‘high agricultural productivity’. The bankruptcy rules have been applied in the water resource system in four critical scarcity scenarios. The available water is allocated under the simple and weighted bankruptcy rules. The results showed that under all four scenarios, the weighted bankruptcy rules favor the agents which have a high agricultural productivity. The stochastic bankruptcy approach under the simple and the weighted bankruptcy rules can provide important strategic information for better management and sustainable sharing of water resources.

scholarly journals Towards understanding hydroclimatic change in Victoria, Australia – preliminary insights into the "Big Dry"

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Kiem ◽  
D. C. Verdon-Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Hydroclimatic Change ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. Since the mid-1990s the majority of Victoria, Australia, has experienced severe drought conditions (i.e. the "Big Dry") characterized by streamflow that is the lowest in approximately 80 years of record. While decreases in annual and seasonal rainfall totals have also been observed, this alone does not seem to explain the observed reduction in flow. In this study, we investigate the large-scale climate drivers for Victoria and demonstrate how these modulate the regional scale synoptic patterns, which in turn alter the way seasonal rainfall totals are compiled and the amount of runoff per unit rainfall that is produced. The hydrological implications are significant and illustrate the need for robust hydrological modelling, that takes into account insights into physical mechanisms that drive regional hydroclimatology, in order to properly understand and quantify the impacts of climate change (natural and/or anthropogenic) on water resources.

scholarly journals Deriving Operation Policy for Multiple Reservoir System under Irrigation using LPM Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4487-4496
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Command Area ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Reservoir System ◽  
Irrigation Intensity ◽  
Multiple Reservoir

The specified multiple reservoir system is located in the Rajkot district part of Gujarat. As it witnesses fewer, severe, moderate or normal drought, drought mitigation measures and proper reservoir operation policy should help to reduced acute shortage of water for irrigation as well as water supply. It is also observed that improper water resources management has resulted in reduced yield of crop and hence net income of farmers. The linear programming (LP) as optimization technique practical and practicable optimizes water resources system, Because of its simplicity and easily solved by using computer software LINGO. Therefore, it has vital significance to implement in day to day practice of reservoir operation by water resources planning and management sector. The linear programming monthly (LPM) models developed for different nine dependability levels of inflow for multiple as well as individual reservoir operations to derive maximum net benefit (NB) over year from command area. Most of reservoir operated at 75% dependability level in normal year. The NB and total optimal crop area increased by 4.2% and 8.0 % respectively in multiple reservoirs operation as compared to individual reservoir operation at 75% dependability level of inflow. The irrigation intensity is increased in command area of Nyari-2, Aji-3 reservoir in multiple reservoir operation as compared to individual reservoir operation due to augmentation of low cost, low water requiring crops (Rajko, Juvar/Bajry/Maize, Wheat, and Onion) which will reduce impact of drought in locality. Based on the results, it is concluded that reservoirs are operated in multiple reservoir systems at 75% dependability level of inflow and derived optimum operation policy for optimum utilization of limited freshwater of the reservoir in a drought-prone area.

Mitigating Conflicts Over Scarce Water Resources in the Highland-Lowland System of Mount Kenya

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Wiesmann ◽  
Francis N. Gichuki ◽  
Boniface P. Kiteme ◽  
Hanspeter Liniger
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Scarce Water

How do lichens survive severe drought conditions?

Mycologist ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Susan Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Conditions
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