Modelling raw water quality—development of a drinking water management tool

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-596
Author(s):  
Ch. Kübeck ◽  
W. van Berk ◽  
A. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Raw Water Quality

Ensuring future drinking water supply requires a tough management of groundwater resources. However, recent practice of economic resource control often does not involve aspects of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical groundwater system. In respect of analysing the available quantity and quality of future raw water, an effective resource management requires a full understanding of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical processes within the aquifer. For example, the knowledge of raw water quality development with time helps to work out strategies of water treatment as well as planning finance resources. On the other hand, the effectiveness of planned measurements reducing the infiltration of harmful substances such as nitrate can be checked and optimized by using hydrogeochemical modelling. Thus, within the framework of the InnoNet program funded by Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, a network of research institutes and water suppliers work in close cooperation developing a planning and management tool particularly oriented on water management problems. The tool involves an innovative material flux model that calculates the hydrogeochemical processes under consideration of the dynamics in agricultural land use. The program integrated graphical data evaluation is aligned on the needs of water suppliers.

Modelling raw water quality: development of a drinking water management tool

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Kübeck ◽  
W. van Berk ◽  
A. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Quality Development ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Raw Water Quality

Ensuring future drinking water supply requires a tough management of groundwater resources. However, recent practices of economic resource control often does not involve aspects of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical groundwater system. In respect of analysing the available quantity and quality of future raw water, an effective resource management requires a full understanding of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical processes within the aquifer. For example, the knowledge of raw water quality development within the time helps to work out strategies of water treatment as well as planning finance resources. On the other hand, the effectiveness of planed measurements reducing the infiltration of harmful substances such as nitrate can be checked and optimized by using hydrogeochemical modelling. Thus, within the framework of the InnoNet program funded by Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, a network of research institutes and water suppliers work in close cooperation developing a planning and management tool particularly oriented on water management problems. The tool involves an innovative material flux model that calculates the hydrogeochemical processes under consideration of the dynamics in agricultural land use. The program integrated graphical data evaluation is aligned on the needs of water suppliers.

Model-based quality management of groundwater resources – catchment area Liedern, Germany

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Christine Kübeck ◽  
Carsten Hansen ◽  
Christoph König ◽  
Dorothea Denzig ◽  
Wolfgang van Berk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Hydrogeochemical Processes ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Raw Water Quality

Strategies of groundwater protection in agricultural dominated areas are mainly based on a general reduction of the input of nutrients like nitrate. However, preventive measures in different parts of the catchment may provide very different effects on raw water quality. Exemplified on the case study ‘Liedern’ (BEW GmbH Bocholt, Germany) it is shown that hydrogeochemical processes along the flow path and in the well strongly affect the results of agricultural measures in terms of modality and efficiency. Thus, a reduction of fertilization in the vicinity of the well gallery leads to a decrease of nitrate concentration in the raw water. Whereas agricultural measures in the eastern part of the catchment do not influence nitrate, but cause a reduction of the iron concentration and rate of incrustation in the wells after 18 years. In this study we present a management tool that enables assessment of future trends in raw water quality. The tool is based on a reactive transport model which considers land use dynamics as an instrument to influence groundwater/raw water quality. A thermodynamic equilibrium approach is applied for modelling hydrogeochemical processes between aqueous, solid and gaseous phases. Kinetically controlled reactions like the microbial degradation of organic carbon are expressed by multiplicative Michaelis–Menten equations.

Leading the City of Baltimore into the 21st Century: Flexible Treatment Solutions and Integrated Raw Water Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Manuszak ◽  
M. MacPhee ◽  
S. Liskovich ◽  
L. Feldsher
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
The City

The City of Baltimore, Maryland is one of many US cities faced with challenges related to increasing potable water demands, diminishing fresh water supplies, and aging infrastructure. To address these challenges, the City recently undertook a $7M study to evaluate water supply and treatment alternatives and develop the conceptual design for a new 120 million gallon per day (MGD) water treatment plant. As part of this study, an innovative raw water management tool was constructed to help model source water availability and predicted water quality based on integration of a new and more challenging surface water supply. A rigorous decision-making approach was then used to screen and select appropriate treatment processes. Short-listed treatment strategies were demonstrated through a year-long pilot study, and process design criteria were collected in order to assess capital and operational costs for the full-scale plant. Ultimately the City chose a treatment scheme that includes low-pressure membrane filtration and post-filter GAC adsorption, allowing for consistent finished water quality irrespective of which raw water supply is being used. The conceptual design includes several progressive concepts, which will: 1) alleviate treatment limitations at the City's existing plants by providing additional pre-clarification facilities at the new plant; and 2) take advantage of site conditions to design and operate the submerged membrane system by gravity-induced siphon, saving the City significant capital and operations and maintenance (O&M) costs. Once completed, the new Fullerton Water Filtration Plant (WFP) will be the largest low-pressure membrane plant in North America, and the largest gravity-siphon design in the world.

An approach for determining the most critical among a suite of chemical contaminants at a drinking water intake

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-845
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
William B. Anderson ◽  
Peter M. Huck
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Raw Water Quality

An integrated approach for the identification and assessment of the most critical chemical contaminant(s) at a drinking water intake has been developed. It involves the determination of a threshold or critical raw water concentration (CRWC) for target contaminants using the observed overall removal efficiency of a specific water treatment plant (WTP) and regulated drinking water concentrations for the target contaminants. The exceedance probability relative to the CRWC based on historical raw water quality monitoring data is then calculated. Finally, the integration of the raw water quality data and the overall efficiency of a particular WTP sequence allows for identification of the most critical contaminant(s) as well as an advance indication of which contaminants are most likely to challenge a plant. The proactive nature of this approach gives a utility the impetus and time to assess current treatment processes and potential alternatives. In addition, it was found that three- or four-parameter theoretical distributions are more appropriate than two-parameter probability distributions for the fitting of raw water quality data. This study reveals that the reliance on raw and/or treated water contaminant concentrations in isolation or on theoretical removals through treatment processes can, in some circumstances, be misguided.

Research on raw water quality assessment oriented to drinking water treatment based on the SVM model

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Raw Water Quality

Raw water quality variation has a great effect on drinking water treatment. To improve the adaptivity of drinking water treatment and stabilize the quality of treated water, a raw water quality assessment method, which is based upon the support vector machine (SVM), is developed in this study. Compared to existing raw water quality assessment methods, the assessment method studied herein is oriented to drinking water treatment and can directly be used for the control of the chemical (alum and ozone) dosing process. To this end, based upon the productive experiences and the analysis of the operating data of water supply, a raw water quality assessment standard oriented to drinking water treatment is proposed. A raw water quality model is set up to assess the raw water quality based upon the SVM technique. Based upon the raw water quality assessment results, a feedforward–feedback control scheme has been designed for the chemical dosing process control of drinking water treatment. Thus, the chemical dosage can be adjusted in time to cope with raw water quality variations and hence, the quality of the treated water is stabilized. Experimental results demonstrate the improved effectiveness of the proposed method of raw water quality assessment and the feedforward–feedback control scheme.

scholarly journals IMPROVING CYANOBACTERIA AND CYANOTOXIN MONITORING IN SURFACE WATERS FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Linda Parkefelt ◽  
Kenneth M Persson ◽  
Heidi Pekar
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Cyanobacteria in fresh water can cause serious threats to drinking water supplies. Managing cyanobacterial blooms particularly at small drinking water treatment plants is challenging. Because large amount of cyanobacteria may cause clogging in the treatment process and various cyanotoxins are hard to remove, while they may cause severe health problems. There is lack of instructions of what cyanobacteria/toxin amount should trigger what kind of actions for drink-ing water management except for Microcystins. This demands a Cyanobacteria Management Tool (CMT) to help regula-tors/operators to improve cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin monitoring in surface waters for drinking water supply. This project proposes a CMT tool, including selecting proper indicators for quick cyanobacteria monitoring and verifying quick analysis methods for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin. This tool is suggested for raw water management regarding cyano-bacteria monitoring in lakes, especially in boreal forest climate. In addition, it applies to regions that apply international WHO standards for water management. In Swedish context, drinking water producers which use raw water from lakes that experience cyanobacterial blooms, need to create a monitoring routine for cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin and to monitor beyond such as Anatoxins, Cylindrospermopsins and Saxitoxins. Using the proposed CMT tool will increase water safety at surface water treatment plants substantially by introducing three alerting points for actions. CMT design for each local condition should integrate adaptive monitoring program.

scholarly journals Raw Water Quality and Pretreatment in Managed Aquifer Recharge for Drinking Water Production in Finland

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Jokela ◽  
Tapani Eskola ◽  
Timo Heinonen ◽  
Unto Tanttu ◽  
Jukka Tyrväinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Raw Water Quality

A decision support procedure for integrative management of dammed raw water reservoirs

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
I. Slavik ◽  
W. Uhl ◽  
B. Skibinski ◽  
S. Rolinski ◽  
T. Petzoldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Reservoir Management ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Raw Water Quality ◽  
Integrative Management

Dammed drinking water reservoirs with their catchment areas and the downstream rivers are dynamic systems that change permanently under the influence of many factors. Their multifunctional use for drinking water supply, flood control, energy production, nature conservation and recreation as well as ecological constraints for the rivers downstream requires an integrative management considering and balancing between different requirements. Thus, an optimal reservoir management has to take into account scenarios of external influences and must be based on predictions of prospective raw water qualities. Furthermore, the impacts of short- and long-term changes of the raw water quality on drinking water treatment have to be considered. The problem is very complex and cannot be solved intuitively but requires the application of hydrological, ecological and process models. This approach was followed in the work presented here, as a tool to predict and evaluate the impacts of different reservoir management strategies in an integrative way is currently not available. The developed decision support procedure (DSP) allows for the estimation of the effects of different hydrological and water quantity management scenarios on raw water quality, water processing costs and ecology in the downstream river. Extreme hydrological events or changing boundary conditions (e.g. climate change) are taken into account.

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