Effect of palladium on the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethylenes with nanoscale Pd/Fe particles

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
H.-L. Lien ◽  
W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Kinetics Analysis ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Chlorinated Ethylenes

Direct injection of nanoscale iron particles represents a promising technology for in-situ groundwater remediation. Nanoscale Pd/Fe particles have been shown an excellent performance for degradation of a wide array of contaminants in groundwater. The objective of this study is to investigate the nature of palladium on the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethylenes using nanoscale Pd/Fe particles. Kinetics analysis indicated that nanoscale Pd/Fe particles increased dechlorination rates by 1–2 orders of magnitude compared to nanoscale Fe particles alone. XRD analysis and activation energy measurement suggested that the increase of reaction rates can be attributed to the catalytic property of palladium.

Agar agar-stabilized milled zerovalent iron particles for in situ groundwater remediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 563-564 ◽  
pp. 713-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Velimirovic ◽  
Doris Schmid ◽  
Stephan Wagner ◽  
Vesna Micić ◽  
Frank von der Kammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Iron Particles

Ligand-Free and Regioselectivity of the Heck Reaction Catalyzed by Pd(0) Nanoparticles at Ambient Conditions under Ultrasonic Irradiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1675-1678
Author(s):  
Yan Hua Zhang ◽  
E Yu Ji ◽  
Song Tao Chen ◽  
Da Min Tian
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Irradiation ◽  
Heck Reaction ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ligand Free ◽  
High Yields

The Heck reaction proceeded in isopropanol under ultrasonic irradiation at ambient temperature (30°C) has been reported in this report. The Heck reaction showed excellent regio- selectivity, enhanced reaction rates, high yields, and the conditions were mild and environmentally friendly. It was found that as a heterogeneous catalyst for the reaction palladium forms nano- particles in-situ, and can be recycled for many times. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis characteried the formation of stable, crystalline Pd(0) nanoparticles as catalyst for the reaction.

Zirconium phase transformations observed by “in-situ” XRD analysis

Vacuum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Riha ◽  
Pavol Sutta ◽  
Andrej Vincze ◽  
Rostislav Medlin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
In Situ Xrd

Effect of pouring temperature on A356-TiB2 MMCs cast in sand and permanent moulds by in-situ method

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
C. Rajaravi ◽  
P.R. Lakshminarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Pouring Temperature ◽  
Matrix Metal ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractThe paper describes a different condition of pouring temperature by sand and permanent mould to produce A356-6 wt% TiB2 metal matrix composites by in-situ method salt metal reaction route. The observation of SEM micrographs shows particle distribution of the TiB2 and it appears in hexagonal shape in Al matrix. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of those TiB2 particulates and the results showed TiB2 particles are homogeneously dispersed throughout the matrix metal. Subsequent structure-property evaluation studies indicated sub-micron size reinforcement of in-situ formed TiB2 particles with improved physical and mechanical properties as compared to sand and permanent mould of Al-TiB2 composites. From, the permanent mould Al-TiB2 composite has an advantage of increase the properties over sand mould Al-TiB2 composite.

scholarly journals Sintering and Mechanical Properties of (SiC + TiCx)p/Fe Composites Synthesized from Ti3AlC2, SiC, and Fe Powders

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2453
Author(s):  
Mingtao Wang ◽  
Zecheng Wang ◽  
Zhiyue Yang ◽  
Jianfeng Jin ◽  
Guoping Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Particle ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Plastic Response ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Iron Matrix ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
In Situ Formation ◽  
Hybrid Reinforcement

Ceramic-particle-reinforced iron matrix composites (CPR-IMCs) have been used in many fields due to their excellent performance. In this study, using the fast resistance-sintering technology developed by our team, iron matrix composites (IMCs) reinforced by both SiC and TiCx particles were fabricated via the addition of SiC and Ti3AlC2 particles, and the resulting relative densities of the sintering products were up to 98%. The XRD and EDS analyses confirmed the in situ formation of the TiCx from the decomposition of Ti3AlC2 during sintering. A significant hybrid reinforcing effect was discovered in the (SiC + TiCx)p/Fe composites, where the experimental strength and hardness of the (SiC + TiCx)p/Fe composites were higher than the composites of monolithic SiCp/Fe and (TiCx)p/Fe. While, under the condition of constant particle content, the elongation of the samples reinforced using TiCx was the best, those reinforced by SiC was the lowest, and those reinforced by (SiC + TiCx) fell in between, which means the plastic response of (SiC + TiCx)p/Fe composites obeyed the rule of mixture. The successful preparation of IMCs based on the hybrid reinforcement mechanism provides an idea for the optimization of IMCs.

scholarly journals Autonomous screening of groundwater remediation technologies in the subsurface using the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 668-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kalinowski ◽  
Kristin McClellan ◽  
Thomas A. Bruton ◽  
Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown ◽  
Erin M. Driver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation

scholarly journals Monitoring the Interfacial Polymerization of Piperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride with Hydrophilic Interlayer or Macromolecular Additive by in-situ FT-IR Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Trimesoyl Chloride ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The interfacial polymerization (IP) of piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) has been extensively utilized to synthesize the nanofiltration (NF) membrane. However, it is still a huge challenge to monitor the IP reaction, because of the fast reaction rate and the formed ultra-thin film. Herein, two effective strategies are applied to reduce the IP reaction rate: (1) the introduction of hydrophilic interlayers between the porous substrate and the formed polyamide layer; (2) the addition of macromolecular additives in the aqueous solution of PIP. As a result, in-situ FT-IR spectroscopy was firstly used to monitor the IP reaction of PIP/TMC reaction system, with hydrophilic interlayers or macromolecular additives. Moreover, we study the formed polyamide layer growth on the substrate, in a real-time manner. The in-situ FT-IR experimental results confirm that the IP reaction rates are effectively suppressed and the formed polyamide thickness reduces from 138±24 nm to 46±2 nm. Furthermore, the optimized NF membrane with excellent performance are consequently obtained, which include the boosted water permeation flux about 141~238 (L·m2·h/MPa) and superior salt rejection of Na2SO4 > 98.4%.

The Pt/g-C3N4-CNS catalyst via in-situ synthesis process with excellent performance for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation reaction

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Liang ◽  
Fang Dong ◽  
Zhicheng Tang ◽  
Qingchun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Electrocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Methanol Electrocatalytic Oxidation

This paper prepared graphite carbon nitride (C3N4) and carbon nanosheet (CNS) composite supporter (g-C3N4-CNS) by in situ synthesis (IS), and the effect of Pt-based catalyst on methanol electrocatalytic oxidation (MOR)...

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