Comparison of MIEX® treatment and coagulation on NOM character

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Morran ◽  
M. Drikas ◽  
D. Cook ◽  
D.B. Bursill
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Plant Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

The MIEX® DOC Process was developed specifically for the removal of problematic natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water production. The Mt Pleasant plant in South Australia was constructed to assess the MIEX® DOC Process in likely operating scenarios including retrofit into existing conventional water treatment plants and installation into new plants combined with microfiltration. The plant has been operating since 2001. In conjunction with this has been an extensive laboratory investigation into the factors impacting on the effectiveness of the process for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal and water quality improvement, particularly for MIEX® treatment combined with coagulation. Both plant monitoring and laboratory studies indicate that changes in the character of the NOM and water quality have had a significant impact on DOC removal by the MIEX® resin. MIEX® and coagulation have been very effective in combination and consistently reduced turbidity to <0.5 NTU from an average of 60 NTU. The target is now to achieve higher DOC removal rates. To achieve this, it is important that the influence of water quality changes on the MIEX® and coagulation processes, particularly the impact of changes in NOM character are fully understood.

IntegTa: a procedure for integrative management of dammed raw water reservoirs for drinking water production and their lower reaches

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Slavik ◽  
W. Uhl ◽  
J. Völker ◽  
H. Lohr ◽  
M. Funke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Reservoir Management ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
The Impact

Dammed water reservoirs for drinking water production with their catchment areas and rivers downstream represent dynamic systems that change constantly and are subject to many influences. An optimized management considering and weighing up the various demands on raw water reservoirs (long-term storage for drinking water supply, flood control, ecological state of the rivers downstream, energy production, nature conservation and recreational uses) against each other is therefore very difficult. Thus, an optimal reservoir management has to take into account scenarios of possibly occurring external influences and to permit predictions of prospective raw water qualities, respectively. Furthermore, the impact of short and long term changes in raw water quality on subordinate processes should be considered. This approach was followed in the work presented here, as there currently is no tool available to predict and evaluate the impacts of raw water reservoir management strategies integratively. The strategy supported by the newly developed decision support procedure takes into account all aspects from water quality, flood control and drinking water treatment to environmental quality downstream the reservoir. Furthermore, possible extreme events or changes of boundary conditions (e.g. climate change) can be considered.

Coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration for natural organic matter removal in drinking water production

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Costa ◽  
M.N. de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membranes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM), namely by humic substances (HS), is a major problem in water treatment for drinking water production using membrane processes. Membrane fouling is dependent on membrane morphology like pore size and on water characteristics namely NOM nature. This work addresses the evaluation of the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) and Coagulation/Flocculation/UF performance in terms of permeation fluxes and HS removal, of the water from Tagus River (Valada). The operation of coagulation with chitosan was evaluated as a pretreatment for minimization of membrane fouling. UF experiments were carried out in flat cells of 13.2×10−4 m2 of membrane surface area and at transmembrane pressures from 1 to 4 bar. Five cellulose acetate membranes were laboratory made to cover a wide range of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO): 2,300, 11,000, 28,000, 60,000 and 75,000 Da. Severe fouling is observed for the membranes with the highest cut-off. In the permeation experiments of raw water, coagulation prior to membrane filtration led to a significant improvement of the permeation performance of the membranes with the highest MWCO due to the particles and colloidal matter removal.

Removal and fate of Cryptosporidium in dissolved air drinking water treatment plants

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Edzwald ◽  
J. E. Tobiason ◽  
H. Dunn ◽  
G. Kaminski ◽  
P. Galant
Keyword(s):  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Particle Counts ◽  
Recycle Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dissolved Air

In the first part of the paper, data from pilot plant studies are used to evaluate Cryptosporidium removal by dissolved air flotation (DAF) clarification and dual media filters under challenge conditions. Oocyst removals were investigated for design detention times and hydraulic loadings for winter and spring seasons. Coagulation was optimized for turbidity and removal of natural organic matter. DAF performance was better for spring water temperatures achieving 2.5 ± 0.3 log removal of oocysts compared to 1.7 ± 0.3 log removal in the winter. Cumulative log removal across DAF and filtration exceeded 5.4, and was not affected by water temperature. Low turbidities and particle counts are indicators of good treatment and good removals of Cryptosporidium. The second part of the paper uses a mathematical model to predict the fate of Cryptosporidium through a DAF plant and the impact of filter backwash recycle on oocyst build-up in the plant influent. Model predictions show that the fate of Cryptosporidium and the build-up of oocysts in the plant influent depend on: DAF performance, the percent of filtered water production used for backwashing, and the percent of filter backwash recycle flow. A DAF plant with 2.5% filtered water production for backwashing and that achieves 1.6 log removal or greater of oocysts by DAF clarification will not have a build-up of oocysts in the plant influent regardless of the recycle rate. This is because the oocysts are concentrated in the DAF floated sludge and not within granular filters.

scholarly journals Combining physicochemical properties and microbiome data to evaluate the water quality of South African drinking water production plants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237335
Author(s):  
Tawanda E. Maguvu ◽  
Cornelius C. Bezuidenhout ◽  
Rinaldo Kritzinger ◽  
Karabo Tsholo ◽  
Moitshepi Plaatjie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
South African ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Microbiome Data

scholarly journals Origin, Fate and Control of Pharmaceuticals in the Urban Water Cycle: A Case Study

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Hofman-Caris ◽  
Thomas ter Laak ◽  
Hans Huiting ◽  
Harry Tolkamp ◽  
Ad de Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Water Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Drinking Water Production

The aquatic environment and drinking water production are under increasing pressure from the presence of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in surface waters. Demographic developments and climate change result in increasing environmental concentrations, deeming abatement measures necessary. Here, we report on an extensive case study around the river Meuse and its tributaries in the south of The Netherlands. For the first time, concentrations in the tributaries were measured and their apportionment to a drinking water intake downstream were calculated and measured. Large variations, depending on the river discharge were observed. At low discharge, total concentrations up to 40 μg/L were detected, with individual pharmaceuticals exceeding thresholds of toxicological concern and ecological water-quality standards. Several abatement options, like reorganization of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and additional treatment of wastewater or drinking water were evaluated. Abatement at all WWTPs would result in a good chemical and ecological status in the rivers as required by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive. Considering long implementation periods and high investment costs, we recommend prioritizing additional treatment at the WWTPs with a high contribution to the environment. If drinking water quality is at risk, temporary treatment solutions in drinking water production can be considered. Pilot plant research proved that ultraviolet (UV) oxidation is a suitable solution for drinking water and wastewater treatment, the latter preferably in combination with effluent organic matter removal. In this way >95% of removal of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products can be achieved, both in drinking water and in wastewater. Application of UV/H2O2, preceded by humic acid removal by ion exchange, will cost about €0.23/m3 treated water.

scholarly journals Water footprint analysis as an indicator of sustainability in nonconventional drinking water treatment systems

DYNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (213) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Víctor Alfonso Cerón Hernández ◽  
Isabel Cristina Hurtado ◽  
Isabel Cristina Bolaños ◽  
Apolinar Figueroa Casas ◽  
Inés Restrepo Tarquino
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Footprint Analysis ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Impact

The impact of multiple-stage filtration (MSF) was determined in two study systems. Water footprint (WF) was estimated with all its components and their results allowed the identification of those responsible for the environmental impact associated with drinking water production. Climatic conditions of high and low precipitation and socio-cultural context were considered. Results showed technicalshortcomings, such as the presence of fissures that generate losses and the contribution of polluting substances in the effluent from filter washing. Socio-economic limitations increase the WF. Water management can be improved by studying the WF components and their relationships with the socio-cultural component.

Removal of natural organic matter by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration for drinking water production

Desalination ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mijatović ◽  
M. Matošić ◽  
B. Hajduk Černeha ◽  
D. Bratulić
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production
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