Methods for estimating water network rehabilitation needs

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sægrov ◽  
A. König ◽  
A. Mattick ◽  
J. Milina ◽  
J. Röstum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Networks ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Failure Distribution ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Rehabilitation Needs ◽  
Network Rehabilitation ◽  
Selection Of

This paper comprises a brief overview of some of the computer-based methods for water network rehabilitation planning, which are currently applied in Norway. Examples from some Norwegian cities using tools for estimation of long-term rehabilitation needs, network serviceability, as well as methods for prediction of water network failure frequency and failure distribution, are presented. These tools have been shown to give important support to the planning of future investments on water networks and the selection of rehabilitation candidates.

scholarly journals Solution Approaches for the Management of the Water Resources in Irrigation Water Systems with Fuzzy Costs

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Sanchis ◽  
Manuel Díaz-Madroñero ◽  
P. Amparo López-Jiménez ◽  
Modesto Pérez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Water Networks ◽  
Mathematical Programming Model ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Fuzzy Methods ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
Fuzzy Solution ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, the management of water networks is key to increase their sustainability. This fact implies that water managers have to develop tools that ease the decision-making process in order to improve the efficiency of irrigation networks, as well as their exploitation costs. The present research proposes a mathematical programming model to optimize the selection of the water sources and the volume over time in water networks, minimizing the operation costs as a function of the water demand and the reservoir capacity. The model, which is based on fuzzy methods, improves the evaluation performed by water managers when they have to decide about the acquisition of the water resources under uncertain costs. Different fuzzy solution approaches have been applied and assessed in terms of model complexity and computational efficiency, showing the solution accomplished for each one. A comparison between different methods was applied in a real water network, reaching a 20% total cost reduction for the best solution.

scholarly journals Analysis and assessment of water distribution subsystem failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik ◽  
Katarzyna Pociask
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract The aim of the study is to analyse and assess the water supply network failure frequency in last ten years, with particular emphasis on the last year of the analysis. The analysis is based on actual data obtained from the water company. The study contains the analysis of the network failure with division into used material, the type of network and place of failure occurrence. Also the failure rate was calculated. Continuous changes in the age and material structure of the water network cause the need for conducting failure frequency research because data on failure rate are the key indicators for operational policy of water supply systems.

scholarly journals A Robot Goes to Rehab: A Novel Gamified System for Stroke Rehabilitation using a Socially Assistive Robot: Methodology & Feasibility Testing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronit Feingold Polak ◽  
Shelly Levy-Tzedek
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Assistive Robots ◽  
Arm Rehabilitation ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Rehabilitation Needs ◽  
Socially Assistive Robot

Abstract Background: Socially assistive robots (SARs) have been proposed as a tool to help individuals who have had a stroke to perform their exercise during their rehabilitation process. Methods: Here, we describe a robot-based gamified exercise platform, which we developed for long-term post-stroke rehabilitation. The platform uses the humanoid robot Pepper, and also has a computer-based configuration (with no robot). It includes seven gamified sets of exercises, which are based on functional tasks from the everyday life of the patients, such as reaching to a cup, or turning a key in a lock. The platform gives the patients instructions, as well as feedback on their performance, and can track their performance over time. We performed a long-term patient-usability study, where 14 stroke patients exercised with this platform (in either the robot or the computer configuration) over a 5-week period, 3 times per week, for a total of 210 sessions. Results: The stroke patients reported that this rehabilitation platform addressed their arm rehabilitation needs, and they expressed their desire to continue training with the platform even after the study ended. Conclusions: These results are especially encouraging during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the requirement to reduce physical contact and keep a social distance accentuates the need for alternative rehabilitative tools, such as SARs, to enable patients to have an uninterrupted (even if modified) rehabilitation regime. Trial Registration: This trial is registered in the NIH ClinicalTrials.gov database. Registration number NCT03651063, registration date 21.08.2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03651063

Women's Participation in Politics: Ukrainian Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Skovikov Alexey
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Democratic Transformation ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe international practices takes into account the question of women's participation in the political life of modern Ukraine. The selection of the state was due to the dynamic process of democratic transformation - the separation of powers, the formation of multi-party competition among political actors in the electoral process, the activity women in the various institutions of civil society. The position was claimed on the basis of empirical data range of academic institutions and reputable sociological centers, and also interviews with experts who said that the creation of real conditions for self-realization by women's interest in politics is only possible for long term. The process is controversial and caused by political culture, traditions and interests of the ruling class represented mainly by men.

Evidence for a single mechanism gating perceptual and long-term memory information into working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Verschooren ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Tobias Egner
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Selection Of

An influential view of working memory (WM) holds that its’ contents are controlled by a selective gating mechanism that allows for relevant perceptual information to enter WM when opened, but shields WM contents from interference when closed. In support of this idea, prior studies using the reference-back paradigm have established behavioral costs for opening and closing the gate between perception and WM. WM also frequently requires input from long-term memory (LTM), but it is currently unknown whether a similar gate controls the selection of LTM representations into WM, and how WM gating of perceptual vs. LTM sources of information relate to each other. To address these key theoretical questions, we devised a novel version of the reference-back paradigm, where participants switched between gating perceptual and LTM information into WM. We observed clear evidence for gate opening and closing costs in both cases. Moreover, the pattern of costs associated with gating and source-switching indicated that perceptual and LTM information is gated into WM via a single gate, and rely on a shared source-selection mechanism. These findings extend current models of WM gating to encompass LTM information, and outline a new functional WM architecture.

Sectorisation of looped water networks with electromagnetic water meters

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Koral Wojciech
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Networks ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Automatic Meter Reading ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Water Meters ◽  
The Town

This paper describes the sectorisation of a water network, as operated by the water and sewage utility (PWiK Gliwice, Poland) with electromagnetic water-meters (battery powered). This solution allows supply of District Metered Areas (DMA) by a few points without ‘dead-end’ pipework and shows that the main problems of the Utility are small, hidden leaks. Additionally the paper describes a water balance for the town of Pyskowice (part of the Gliwice water network) where all water meters are read by radio (automatic meter reading – AMR).

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