Development of a web-based tool for the calculation of costs of different wastewater treatment and reuse scenarios

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sipala ◽  
G. Mancini ◽  
F.G.A. Vagliasindi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Expert User ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Legal Frameworks

In this study a tool for the calculation of costs of different wastewater treatment and reuse scenarios has been developed. This tool, called Evaluation of Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Option (E-WA-TRO), was designed to have as end-users public administrators, water management authorities, and professionals that, in a direct and immediate manner, can automatically obtain, for a particular reuse alternative, the fundamental information for a feasibility study. In order to develop E-WA-TRO an overview was conducted of the international, national and regional regulations on water reuse and a synopsis of the possible reuse alternatives and of the appropriate treatment processes was prepared. Moreover, costs were obtained using national and international published data for the different treatment processes that might be required for the various reuse alternatives. The system has been created as a web site, in order to guarantee the highest availability and a wide diffusion and the possibility of an easy implementations of future updates and upgrades. Specifically, even non-expert user can easily navigate trough the site and use the tool to evaluate, within the national and international legal frameworks, various reuse alternatives as well as the appropriate treatment technologies and related costs.

Performance evaluation of different wastewater treatment technologies operating in a developing country

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia C. Oliveira ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Uasb Reactors

This article analyses the performance of 166 wastewater treatment plants operating in Brazil, comprising six different treatment processes: septic tank + anaerobic filter, facultative pond, anaerobic pond + facultative pond, activated sludge, UASB reactors alone, UASB reactors followed by post-treatment. The study evaluates and compares the observed effluent quality and the removal efficiencies in terms of BOD, COD, TSS, TN, TP and FC with typical values reported in the technical literature. In view of the large performance variability observed, the existence of a relationship between design/operational parameters and treatment performance was investigated. From the results obtained, no consistent relationship between loading rates and effluent quality was found. The influence of loading rates differed from plant to plant, and the effluent quality was dictated by several combined factors related to design and operation.

scholarly journals Advances in Synthesis and Applications of Microalgal Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Agarwal ◽  
Ritika Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Rapid industrialization, economic development, and population overgrowth are the major reasons responsible for the release of organic and inorganic substances into the environment, further leading to environmental pollution and contamination of water. Nowadays, it is truism that wastewater treatment has raised concern worldwide and is the need of the hour. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve sustainable energy and adopt advanced wastewater treatment technologies. Microalgae culture is gaining tremendous attention as it provides a combined benefit of treating wastewater as a growth medium and algae biomass production which can be used for several livestock purposes. Microalgae are ubiquitous and extremely diverse microorganisms which can accumulate toxic contaminants and heavy metals from wastewater, making them superior contender to become a powerful nanofactory. Furthermore, they are versatile, relatively convenient, and easy to handle, along with various other advantages such as synthesis can be performed at low temperature with greater energy efficiency, less toxicity, and low risk to the environment. Comparing with other organisms such as fungi, yeast, and bacteria, microalgae are equally important organisms in the synthesis of nanoparticles; therefore, the study of algae-mediated biosynthesis of nanometals can be taken towards a newer branch and it has been termed as phytonanotechnology. Here, an overview of recent advances in wastewater treatment processes through an amalgamation of nanoparticles and microalgae is provided.

scholarly journals The Impact of Advanced Treatment Technologies on the Energy Use in Satellite Water Reuse Plants

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Bailey ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Jacimaria R. Batista
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
The Impact

With an ever-increasing world population and the resulting increase in industrialization and agricultural practices, depletion of one of the world’s most important natural resources, water, is inevitable. Water reclamation and reuse is the key to protecting this natural resource. Water reclamation using smaller decentralized wastewater treatment plants, known as satellite water reuse plants (WRP), has become popular in the last decade. Reuse plants have stricter standards for effluent quality and require a smaller land footprint (i.e., real estate area). They also require additional treatment processes and advanced treatment technologies. This greatly increases the energy consumption of an already energy intensive process, accentuating even more the nexus between energy use and wastewater processing. With growing concerns over the use of nonrenewable energy sources and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, WRPs are in need of energy evaluations. This paper contrasts the energy consumption of both conventional and advanced treatment processes in satellite WRPs. Results of this research provide a means for engineers and wastewater utilities to evaluate unit processes based on energy consumption as well as a foundation for making decisions regarding the sustainability of using advanced treatment technologies at reuse facilities.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment with Emphasis in Membrane Treatment Operations

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Zouboulis ◽  
Ioannis Katsoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Treatment

The present Special Issue brought together recent research findings from renowned scientists in this field and assembled contributions on advanced technologies that have been applied to the treatment of wastewater and drinking water, with an emphasis on novel membrane treatment technologies. The 12 research contributions highlight various processes and technologies that can achieve the effective treatment and purification of wastewater and drinking water, aiming (occasionally) for water reuse. The published papers can be classified into three major categories. (a) First, there are those that investigate the application of membrane treatment processes, either directly or in hybrid processes. The role of organic matter presence and fouling control is the main aim of the research in some of these studies. (b) Second, there are studies that investigate the application of adsorptive processes for the removal of contaminants from waters, such as arsenic, antimony, or chromate, with the aim of the efficient removal of the toxic contaminants from water or wastewater. (c) Lastly, there are studies that include novel aspects of oxidative treatment such as bubbleless ozonation.

Reality or myth: “Advanced wastewater treatment technologies cannot be cost competitive with conventional treatment processes”

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali R. Ahmadi Motlagh ◽  
Stephen Lacy ◽  
Madan Arora ◽  
Jim Ross ◽  
Jeff Misenhimer
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Two Alternatives

With shortage of water becoming a major concern in many areas, use of recycled water is a necessity for a growing number of municipalities. This paper describes a case study in which two alternatives were considered for upgrading an existing wastewater treatment plant with the goal of producing recycled water. The first alternative consisted of conventional secondary and tertiary unit processes while the second alternative included the advanced treatment technology of membrane bioreactor (MBR). Also, two alternatives were evaluated for disinfection of recycled water; chlorine gas and UV system. The more advanced treatment technologies (MBR + UV), which produce the higher quality recycled water, resulted in higher cost. The paper discusses the design and project execution approaches as how the more expensive advanced treatment processes were made cost competitive with the conventional treatment processes.

Nano-Catalysis Process for Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-251
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Madhavi Konni ◽  
Vara Saritha
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Nano Catalysts

The rapid increase in population and urbanization leads to the scarcity of water resources in the present era. Therefore, effective wastewater treatment is a prerequisite for a growing economy. Development and implementing the advanced treatment technologies of wastewater with high efficiency and low capital is difficult. In the recent advancements among various treatment processes, nanomaterial science has been attracting the attention of researchers. However, limited collective knowledge is available in this context. The chapter reviews the potential of nano catalysis's process, mechanism, and current drawbacks in treatment technologies. It explains the different nano catalysts that are widely utilized for the treatment and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in water and wastewater and discusses the nano-based photocatalytic, nano-based electrocatalysis, nano-based Fenton catalysis and their efficiency in various removal of pollutants from wastewater.

scholarly journals Fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in conventional and membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plants and by riverbank filtration

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1904) ◽  
pp. 3979-4003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Petrovic ◽  
Maria Jose Lopez de Alda ◽  
Silvia Diaz-Cruz ◽  
Cristina Postigo ◽  
Jelena Radjenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and drugs of abuse (DAs) are two important groups of emerging environmental contaminants that have raised an increasing interest in the scientific community. A number of studies revealed their presence in the environment. This is mainly due to the fact that some compounds are not efficiently removed during wastewater treatment processes, being able to reach surface and groundwater and subsequently, drinking waters. This paper reviews the data regarding the levels of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs detected in wastewaters and gives an overview of their removal by conventional treatment technologies (applying activated sludge) as well as advanced treatments such as membrane bioreactor. The paper also gives an overview of bank filtration practices at managed aquifer recharge sites and discusses the potential of this approach to mitigate the contamination by PhACs and DAs.

scholarly journals Trends and progress in Microalgae-based wastewater treatment technologies: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Yujia Wan ◽  
Ning Yan ◽  
Jiaqi Zhao ◽  
Hegang Zhi ◽  
Wenmin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal 6

A transformative change is underway in wastewater treatment as the world aims at meeting Sustainable Development Goal 6 in 2030, and the conventional wastewater treatment processes have high energy consumption and greenhouse emissions. Microalgae-based wastewater treatment process has emerged as an innovative technology that can reach the demand for lowering energy consumption, mitigating climate change, and recycling resources. This review provides an overview of the basic theories of microalgae-based wastewater treatment processes, microalgae species commonly used, impact factors of microalgae cultivation, the conventional and hybrid microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems. Moreover, suggestions are proposed for further research and development.

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