An integrated approach to assess the causes of water quality failures in the distribution system of Caen

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jaeger ◽  
V. Gauthier ◽  
M.-C. Besner ◽  
B. Viret ◽  
R. Toulorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution System Operation ◽  
Local Water

Understanding the reasons for water quality failures in drinking water distribution systems has become a priority for network managers. The proposed approach provides a unique tool for assessing the consequences of water supply changes and the consequences of distribution system operation and maintenance on the quality of distributed water. Its main benefit is to help the water producer understand the origins of local water quality problems, and consequently to eliminate them from their distribution system.

scholarly journals Modelling both the continual erosion and regeneration of discolouration material in drinking water distribution systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Furnass ◽  
R. P. Collins ◽  
P. S. Husband ◽  
R. L. Sharpe ◽  
S. R. Mounce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Mass Transport Model

The erosion of the cohesive layers of particulate matter that causes discolouration in water distribution system mains has previously been modelled using the Prediction of Discolouration in Distribution Systems (PODDS) model. When first proposed, PODDS featured an unvalidated means by which material regeneration on pipe walls could be simulated. Field and laboratory studies of material regeneration have yielded data that suggest that the PODDS formulations incorrectly model these processes. A new model is proposed to overcome this shortcoming. It tracks the relative amount of discolouration material that is bound to the pipe wall over time at each of a number of shear strengths. The model formulations and a mass transport model have been encoded as software, which has been used to verify the model's constructs and undertake sensitivity analyses. The new formulations for regeneration are conceptually consistent with field and laboratory observed data and have potential value in the proactive management of water distribution systems, such as evaluating change in discolouration risk and planning timely interventions.

Control of biofilm growth in drinking water distribution system by biodegradable carbon and disinfectant residuals

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-J. Zhang ◽  
W. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Planktonic Cell ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Biofilm growth in drinking water distribution systems was studied in an annular reactor system which was designed to model the hydraulic conditions in water mains. Experiments were performed with chlorine-free water as well as with different disinfectant (chlorine or chloramine) residuals and different AOC concentrations added to the reactor influent to examine the effect of disinfectant residuals and AOC concentrations on biofilm accumulation and planktonic cell numbers. The dynamic parameters of bacteria growth were calculated in water with different disinfectant (chlorine or chloramine) and the results indicated that monochloramine may be more effective than free chlorine for control of biofilm accumulation.

scholarly journals Whole metagenome sequencing of chlorinated drinking water distribution systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Douterelo ◽  
Carolina Calero-Preciado ◽  
Victor Soria-Carrasco ◽  
Joby B. Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water ◽  
Metagenome Sequencing

This research highlights the potential of whole metagenome sequencing to help protect drinking water quality and safety.

scholarly journals Water quality event detection and customer complaint clustering analysis in distribution systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mounce ◽  
John Machell ◽  
Joby Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Historic Data

Safe, clean drinking water is a foundation of society and water quality monitoring can contribute to ensuring this. A case study application of the CANARY software to historic data from a UK drinking water distribution system is described. Sensitivity studies explored appropriate choice of algorithmic parameter settings for a baseline site, performance was evaluated with artificial events and the system then transferred to all sites. Results are presented for analysis of nine water quality sensors measuring six parameters and deployed in three connected district meter areas (DMAs), fed from a single water source (service reservoir), for a 1 year period and evaluated using comprehensive water utility records with 86% of event clusters successfully correlated to causes (spatially limited to DMA level). False negatives, defined by temporal clusters of water quality complaints in the pilot area not corresponding to detections, were only approximately 25%. It was demonstrated that the software could be configured and applied retrospectively (with potential for future near real time application) to detect various water quality event types (with a wider remit than contamination alone) for further interpretation.

Prediction of chlorine and trihalomethanes concentration profile in bulk drinking water distribution systems from laboratory data

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kastl ◽  
I. Fisher ◽  
V. Jegatheesan ◽  
J. Chandy ◽  
K. Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Chlorine Decay

Nearly all drinking water distribution systems experience a “natural” reduction of disinfection residuals. The most frequently used disinfectant is chlorine, which can decay due to reactions with organic and inorganic compounds in the water and by liquid/solids reaction with the biofilm, pipe walls and sediments. Usually levels of 0.2-0.5 mg/L of free chlorine are required at the point of consumption to maintain bacteriological safety. Higher concentrations are not desirable as they present the problems of taste and odour and increase formation of disinfection by-products. It is usually a considerable concern for the operators of drinking water distribution systems to manage chlorine residuals at the “optimum level”, considering all these issues. This paper describes how the chlorine profile in a drinking water distribution system can be modelled and optimised on the basis of readily and inexpensively available laboratory data. Methods are presented for deriving the laboratory data, fitting a chlorine decay model of bulk water to the data and applying the model, in conjunction with a simplified hydraulic model, to obtain the chlorine profile in a distribution system at steady flow conditions. Two case studies are used to demonstrate the utility of the technique. Melbourne’s Greenvale-Sydenham distribution system is unfiltered and uses chlorination as its only treatment. The chlorine model developed from laboratory data was applied to the whole system and the chlorine profile was shown to be accurately simulated. Biofilm was not found to critically affect chlorine decay. In the other case study, Sydney Water’s Nepean system was modelled from limited hydraulic data. Chlorine decay and trihalomethane (THM) formation in raw and treated water were measured in a laboratory, and a chlorine decay and THM model was derived on the basis of these data. Simulated chlorine and THM profiles agree well with the measured values available. Various applications of this modelling approach are also briefly discussed.

Spatial variation of loose deposit characteristics in a 40 km long operational drinking water distribution system

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1689-1698
Author(s):  
Xu Ma ◽  
Guiwei Li ◽  
Ying Yu ◽  
Ruya Chen ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
System P ◽  
Loose Deposit ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Discoloration problems have occurred in drinking water distribution systems continuously for several years in a rural area of eastern China.

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