scholarly journals Integration of effective microorganisms and membrane bioreactor for the elimination of pharmaceutical active compounds from urine for safe reuse

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein I. Abdel-Shafy ◽  
Mona S. M. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Pre Treatment

The present study aims to investigate the efficiency of integrated effective microorganisms (EM) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) for eliminating pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) from urine. Natural urine was separated using a ‘diversion toilet’. The toilet users were under medication with some pharmaceuticals, namely levofloxacine (LEF), ibuprofen (IBP) and atorvastatin (ATV). For correlation, three MBR pilot-scale sequences were examined. In Sequence 1, the MBR was used without pre-treatment. In Sequence 2, EM was added as pre-treatment in the mixing tank. The effluent was further treated with the MBR. In Sequence 3, EM was added directly to the activated sludge of the MBR. The results showed that Sequence 1 could decrease the PhACs from 10 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L and 0.9 mg/L for LEF, IBP and ATV, respectively. Sequence 2 exhibited remarkable improvement in PhACs removal. The overall residual concentration reached 0.7, 0.13 and 0.28 mg/L for LEF, IBP and ATV, successively. Applying Sequence 3 gives higher removal efficiency, where the residual concentration of LEF, IBP and ATV decreased to 0.50 mg/L, 0.10 mg/L and 0.22 mg/L, respectively. It was concluded that the contaminated urine was efficiently treated by adding EM directly to the activated sludge of the MBR, and the treated urine can be safely used as fertilizer.

Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency in a dyestuff wastewater treatment plant with the IFFAS process: the pilot-scale and full-scale studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Mao ◽  
Xie Quan ◽  
Huimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobin Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Dyestuff Wastewater

Abstract The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91–291 mg/L, 10.6–28.7 mg/L and 18.9–48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.

Comparative study of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge processes in the treatment of Moroccan domestic wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kitanou ◽  
M. Tahri ◽  
B. Bachiri ◽  
M. Mahi ◽  
M. Hafsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

Abstract The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation.

Biodegradation of High Phenol Concentration in a Membrane Bioreactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Marrot ◽  
Adrian Barrios-Martinez ◽  
Philippe Moulin ◽  
Nicolas Roche
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Substrate Inhibition ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Haldane Model

Phenol biodegradation by mixed culture was studied in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) over a period of 285 days. Activated sludge was used as the MBR biomass, after controlled acclimation to high phenol concentrations. The MBR permeate flux was stabilized quickly (in a few hours) and always maintained above 90 L.h-1.m-2.bar-1. The acclimatized activated sludge allowed significant phenol degradation (95% average COD removal efficiency and greater than 99% phenol removal efficiency) without supplemental reagent addition. After sludge acclimatization, the Haldane kinetics model for a single substrate was used to obtain the maximum specific growth rate (µm = 0.438 h-1), the half saturation coefficient (Ks = 29.54 mg.L-1) and the substrate inhibition constant (Ki = 72.45 mg.L-1). Biodegradation experiments were conducted at different phenol concentrations (4.9 – 8.5 g.L-1 d-1). Although the phenol concentration was high, the Haldane model was still acceptable, and removal capacities were in agreement with literature. Excellent effluent quality was obtained regardless of the extremely short SRT (5 – 17 days). This work shows the potential of MBR for toxic chemical elimination, charged effluents treatment and process stability.

scholarly journals Treatment of tannery wastewater for reuse by physico-chemical processes and a membrane bioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fettig ◽  
V. Pick ◽  
M. Oldenburg ◽  
N. V. Phuoc
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Carbon Demand ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Technical Plant ◽  
Modelling Approach

Treatment of wastewater from a tannery in Greater Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) was investigated on a pilot scale. After pre-treatment by the tannery that included batch-coagulation and sedimentation, the wastewater was treated by dissolved air flotation, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and granular activated carbon (GAC) for polishing the MBR effluent. The average removal efficiency for organic substances in the MBR was 81% while total nitrogen could only be removed by 36%. The performance of the GAC column could be successfully predicted using adsorption parameters determined in laboratory experiments. A larger proportion of the organics in the MBR effluent was only weakly adsorbable, therefore the usable carbon capacity was limited as confirmed by the modelling approach. The results were used to outline the size of a technical plant with a volumetric loading rate of 3 kg COD/(m3*d) for the MBR and a specific carbon demand of about 1.8 kg/m3.

Effectiveness of the membrane bioreactor in the biodegradation of high molecular-weight compounds

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Winnen ◽  
M. T. Suidan ◽  
P. V. Scarpino ◽  
B. Wrenn ◽  
N. Cicek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Heterotrophic Microorganisms

The activated sludge process has been used extensively to treat municipal wastewater. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) process is a modification of the conventional activated sludge process where the clarifier is replaced with a membrane system for separation between the mixed liquor and the effluent. This paper presents the biological and physical performance data of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor system, fed with a synthetic wastewater. At steady state, particularly high effluent quality was obtained and maintained for an extended period of time. Heterotrophic plate counting showed that the membrane retains heterotrophic microorganisms. Bacteriophage MS-2 was used to determine the retention of viruses. The membrane proved to retain the MS-2 virus.

Comparison of the behaviour of selected micropollutants in a membrane bioreactor and a conventional wastewater treatment plant

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clara ◽  
B. Strenn ◽  
M. Ausserleitner ◽  
N. Kreuzinger
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Technique

Micropollutants as pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs), residuals of personal care products or endocrine disrupting chemicals are of increasing interest in water pollution control. In this context the removal efficiencies of sewage treatment plants (STPs) are of importance, as their effluents are important point sources for the release of those substances into the aquatic environment. Activated sludge based wastewater treatment is the worldwide prevalently used treatment technique. In conventional plants the separation of treated wastewater and sludge occurs via sedimentation. A new development is the application of membrane technology for this separation step. The studies focus on the influence of the solids retention time (SRT) on the removal efficiency, as the SRT is the most important parameter in the design of STPs. A conventional activated sludge plant (CASP) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) were operated at different SRTs. The substances selected are the antiepileptic carbamazepine, the analgesics diclofenac and ibuprofen, the lipid regulator bezafibrate, the polycyclic musks tonalide and galaxolide and the contraceptive 17α-ethinylestradiole. No significant differences in the removal efficiency were detected. Due to the absence of suspended solids in the MBR effluent, substances with high adsorption potential could be retained to slightly higher amounts.

Effects of poly aluminum chloride dosing positions on the performance of a pilot scale anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor (A/O-MBR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaodong Guo ◽  
Fangshu Qu ◽  
An Ding ◽  
Langming Bai ◽  
Guibai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The effects of poly aluminum chloride (PACl) dosing positions on the performance of a pilot scale anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor were investigated. PACl dosage was optimized at 19.5 mg Al2O3/L by jar test. Nutrients removal efficiencies and sludge properties were systematically investigated during periods with no PACl dosing (phase I), with PACl dosing in oxic tank (phase II) and then in anoxic tank (phase III). The results showed that total phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 18 to 88% in phase II and 85% in phase III with less than 0.5 mg P/L in effluent. Ammonia nitrogen removal efficiencies reached 99% in all phases and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies reached 92%, 91% and 90% in the three phases, respectively. Total nitrogen removal efficiency decreased from 59% in phase I to 49% in phases II and III. Dosing PACl in the oxic tank resulted in smaller sludge particle size, higher zeta potential, better sludge settleability and lower membrane fouling rate in comparison with dosing PACl in the anoxic tank.

scholarly journals Textile Dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) Bio-Sorption with Moving Bed BiofilmReactor and Activated Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Wayan Koko Suryawan ◽  
Qomarudin Helmy ◽  
Suprihanto Notodarmojo ◽  
Riska Pratiwi ◽  
Iva Yenis Septiariva
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Pre Treatment

Reactive Black 5 (RB5) is one of the dyes used in textile industries in Indonesia. However, the high color content can interferewith the condition of water bodies if not treated. This waste treatment process is usually treated with biological treatmentprocesses. Biological processing often used is the MBBR unit and activated sludge. This study aims to determine the RB5dye’s bio-sorption efficiency using MBBR processing and activated sludge. MBBR processing and activated sludge consistof seeding, acclimatization, and running stages. This research was carried out using a real textile wastewater approach byadding 100 mg/L RB5 and adding 1000 mg/L starch solution. The processing results of the seeding stage indicate increasingin biomass. The acclimatization stage with 50% and 75% of wastewater indicates increased biomass and color removal.The RB5 color removal efficiency results in the MBBR unit and activated sludge show 41% and 84% values. The MBBRprocessing shows fluctuations each time where the desorption process occurs in the color removal. For this reason, the ozonepre-treatment process is conducted in the MBBR unit. The integrated pre-treatment with MBBR results show the samefluctuation as the previous processing with a color removal efficiency of 43% with a color removal efficiency of 43%.

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