Economic benefits of controlled tile drainage: Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices, South Nation River basin, Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Crabbé ◽  
David R. Lapen ◽  
Harvey Clark ◽  
Mark Sunohara ◽  
Yuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Beneficial Management Practices ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Crude Estimate

Controlled tile drainage (CTD) is an agricultural beneficial management practice that can boost crop yields and reduce water and nutrient export from fields to surface water systems. This study examined on-farm incremental net benefits resulting from retrofitting existing tile drainage systems with inline water level control structures that control tile drainage. Corn and soybean yields (2005–2009) were respectively about 3 and 4% higher from CTD fields relative to conventionally drained fields at an experimental watershed associated with the Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEBs) program located in the South Nation river basin in eastern Ontario. The marginal cost of CTD employed in this experimental watershed was ∼Can (2006) $30 ha−1. The benefit–cost ratio was 2.6 for corn and 1.6 for soybean. A crude estimate of a payback period (without cost share) was from 3 to 4 years. Assuming all cropland in the entire South Nation river watershed where CTD is suitable, will be under CTD, the net present value of this practice is estimated to yield on farm annually about $(2006) 4 million for both crops. A crude estimate of non-user off-farm benefits of implementing CTD in this manner was ∼$0.4 million per year.

Who Gains from and who Pays for Channel Deepening?

2005 ◽  
Vol 1909 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Grigalunas ◽  
James J. Opaluch ◽  
Young Tae Chang
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The State ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Port dredging to accommodate larger vessels can create substantial national economic benefits. However, how affected individual states fare economically with dredging is often unclear and can be an important issue. The benefits and the costs to Delaware residents of dredging—with the recent proposed deepening of the Delaware Bay and River main federal channel as a case study—are examined. Benefits include ( a) lower transportation costs that residents might receive on imported goods, ( b) profits that residents would realize if cost savings (e.g., on refinery products) were not passed forward to Delaware users, ( c) project costs that residents would bear as federal taxpayers, and ( d) benefits that residents would realize if the use of dredged sediments for planned beach renourishment created savings to the state. Sensitivity analyses are used to reflect uncertainty in outcomes. The estimated net present value to Delaware today of all future annual quantifiable benefits and costs ranges between $15,528,393 and $14,195,700 over 50 years at 5.875%. Stated another way, the quantified net benefits for Delaware imply a benefit-cost ratio between 2.07 and 1.89. Hence, for every dollar of the $7.5 million that Delaware would pay as a nonfederal cosponsor, estimated quantifiable net benefits to the state are $2.07 to $1.89. Some benefit and cost estimates are vehemently debated between interested parties, and not all benefits and costs can be quantified.

scholarly journals Agricultural Beneficial Management Practices: A Synthesis of Co-benefits, Tradeoffs, and Co-costs between Crop Yield and Non-provisioning Ecosystem Services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Nicholas Kadykalo ◽  
Kris Johnson ◽  
Scott McFatridge ◽  
C. Scott Findlay
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Beneficial Management Practices ◽  
Provisioning Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Impact

Although agricultural “best (or beneficial) management practices” (BMPs) first emerged to mitigate agro-environmental resource challenges, they may also enhance ‘non-provisioning’ ecosystem services. The enthusiasm for adopting BMPs partially depends on evidence that doing so will lead to agro-environmental benefits while not substantially reducing crop productivity or farmer income. We survey and synthesize evidence in the existing literature to document the joint effects on agricultural crop yield and 12 ecosystem service (ES) associated with implementation of 5 agricultural BMPs (crop rotations, cover crops, nutrient management, perennial vegetated buffers, reduced or no tillage). We also analyze the prevalence of co-benefits (‘win-win’), tradeoffs, and co-costs (‘lose-lose’) outcomes. On the basis of a set of contextual variables we then develop empirical models that predict the likelihood of co-benefits relative to tradeoffs, and co-costs. We found thirty-six studies investigating 141 combinations of crop yields and non-provisioning ES outcomes (YESs) in the relevant literatures covering the period 1983-2016. The scope of the review is global, but included studies are geographically concentrated in the U.S. Corn Belt (Midwestern United States). In the literature sample, reporting of co-benefits (26%) was much more prevalent than reporting of co-costs (4%) between yields and ES. Tradeoffs most often resulted in a reduction in crop yields and an increase in ES (28%); this was marginally greater than studies reporting a neutral influence on crop yields and an increase in ES (26%). Other Y/ES combinations were uncommon. Mixed-effects models indicated reduced tillage and crop rotations had generally positive associations with YESs. Temporal scale was an informative predictor suggesting studies with longer time scales resulted in greater positive outcomes on YESs, on average. Our results are a step towards identifying those contexts where co-benefits or partial improvement outcomes of BMPs are more likely to be realized, as well as the impact of particular practices on specific ES.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Finansial Usaha Budidaya Bambu dan Sengon

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Haris Prasetyo ◽  
Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat ◽  
Leti Sundawati
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Fixed Income ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

Bamboo is proven to provide multi-benefits from the aspects of production, ecology and socio-economic. However, bamboo is still not fully developed. People tend to replace bamboo with wood species which are considered to be more profitable, one of them is sengon. The purpose of this study was to analyze bamboo management practices carried out by farmers and compare between sengon and bamboo cultivation which is more financially profitable. Financial analysis conducted includes: Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Analysis of market aspect and social aspect using the Market Analysis and Development (MA&D) method. The sensitivity analysis is carried out on the condition of fixed income while costs increase by 10% and 30% and fixed costs while income rises by 10% and 30%. The analysis included the analysis of market aspect and social aspect. The results of the financial analysis showed that the cultivation of petung bamboo with a spacing of 6x6 meters gave the highest yield with NPV value of IDR330.329.538, BCR 29.10 and IRR of 25.18%. Nevertheless; looking at market and social aspects, bamboo and sengon can be developed in agroforestry to ensure sustainability and continuity of income for farmers. Bamboo and sengon cultivation business is feasible to be conducted because the high demand which cannot be met from the existing sources.

scholarly journals The Water Footprint Assessment of Agriculture in Banjar River Watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-488
Author(s):  
J Himanshu Rao ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Hardaha ◽  
Hardikkumar Mansukhbhai Vora
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Total Water ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
On Farm

The water footprint (WF) is a spatially explicit character of water use in terms of consumption or pollution for producing a product, commodity or service. The WF of a crop may be defined as the amount of water required for producing the crop over the complete growing season. The present study was carried out to assess the WF of agriculture in Banjar river watershed (BRW) over the period 2000 - 2013. The WF of crops were evaluated and their further multiplication with production (ton/yr) in the watershed yielded the water footprint of crop production (WFCP) in Banjar river watershed whose further summation gave WF of agriculture in BRW. The findings depicted that the water footprint of rice was maximum (7848 m3/ton) followed by gram (5782 m3/ton) and wheat (5417 m3/ton). The crop with least WF was maize (2886 m3/ton). These values of WF are much higher than the national average WF for different crops grown in India. Lower crop yields due to improper irrigation practices, low fertilizer application rates and improper on farm water management practices are the primary reasons of such high values of WF of crops in BRW. The water footprint of agriculture in BRW was 690.37 million m3/yr with 59.74 % WFgreen, 39.69 % WFblue and 0.56 % WF grey. Rice was having maximum share in water footprint of agriculture in BRW with 87.38 % of total water footprint followed by gram (4.97 %), wheat (4.33 %) and maize (1.31%).

scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Impact and Economic Viability of Domestic Biogas Plant Technology in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Suraya Akter ◽  
Humayun Kabir ◽  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Md. Mehedi Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Biogas Technology

The study investigated the distinct environmental impacts and economic viability of domestic biogas technology in the countryside of Bangladesh. The study was carried out by a survey through personal interviews with biogas users. Seventy households were selected purposively and interviews were conducted through semi-structured questionnaires. The study mainly highlighted the potential reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and economic benefits of biogas utilization which were evaluated considering the substitution of traditional biomass fuels, by saving Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and cost of chemical fertilizer, and carbon trading. The economic benefits are addressed using some well-known economic indicators like Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PBP), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The results of the study revealed that a small-scale household anaerobic cow dung biogas digester not only exhibited the potential to cut carbon emissions on average by about 7.8 tons of CO2 equivalents yearly, but it also demonstrated the economic feasibility of doing so as the value of NPV and BCR was positive. This study recommends that the government approach, awareness program, and continuous and proper performing of the biogas technology are needed to intensify the multiples environmental benefits of the technology.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biological Approaches for Controlling Shoot and Fruit Borer (Earias vitella F.) of Okra Grown in Peri-Urban Area in Bangladesh

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury ◽  
Md. Fuad Mondal ◽  
Ahasan Ullah Khan ◽  
Md. Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Md Obyedul Kalam Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Insect Management ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
Treated Plot

Irrational applications of insecticides on vegetable crops are very common in Bangladesh, resulting in harmful consequences for the environment and human health. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biological and botanical insecticides on okra shoot and fruit borer grown in open fields. Four insecticides were used in this study, namely Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Spinosad 45 SC, Abamectin 1.8 EC, and Azadirachtin 1% EC an untreated control. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the rate of shoot infestation was the lowest in the Spinosad-treated plot (3.80%), and the highest was in the control (20.67%). The lowest fruit infestation (3.56%) was recorded in the treated plot of Spinosad. The rate of reduction of fruit infestation over control was 80.69, 60.14, 56.45, and 55.58% in the plots treated with Spinosad, Bt, Azadirachtin, and Abamectin, respectively. Consequently, the Spinosad-treated plot attained the highest yield (8.65 t ha−1), which was followed by the plots treated with Azadirachtin (6.74 t ha−1), Bt (6.28 t ha−1), and Abamectin (6.12 t ha−1). The highest net return and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) were 542.36 US$ and 2.64, obtained respectively from the Spinosad-treated plot. The second highest BCR (1.70) was obtained from the Azadiratin-treated plot, and the lowest BCR (1.18) was recorded in the Abamectin-treated plot. Therefore, the studied insect management practices could be incorporated to attain higher yields and economic benefits for growing okra in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Feasibility of closed loop ground source heat pump for residential heating and cooling applications in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2 Part A) ◽  
pp. 965-976
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Jokic ◽  
Nevenka Nikolic ◽  
Natasa Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Households sector in Serbia presents a great chance for energy savings and introduction of RES in the future. The public policies in Serbia are currently limited, but this kind of study can influence public measures that would undeniably generate long-term social and economic benefits to the country. The aim of the present work is to assess economic feasibility of closed loop heat pump systems for heating and cooling purposes in Serbia?s residential sector. The heat pump system was compared to the most commonly used heating fuels in households. Results indicate that the implementation of ground closed loop heat pump systems for heating and cooling purposes in Serbia?s residential sector as a substitute for electric heating is economically feasible. Inadequate prices of natural gas and electricity in public supply are the main problems associated with the project?s financial benefits. The best results were obtained in the scenario with combined debt ratio (40%) and grants (~30%) for the project realization, for which equity pay-back period is approximately three years, while benefit to cost ratio is 2.52. Investigated financial metrics (equity pay-back, internal rate of return assets and net present value) indicate the same positive results considering financial viability of the project.

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