Procuring 230 Football Fields of Membrane - Strategy, Results and Lessons Learned

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
J. Grundestam
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The City ◽  
The Eu

Stockholm is currently one of Europe’s fastest growing cities, with its population increasing by approximately 1.5% per year, corresponding to 15,000 to 20,000 people. Sweden’s commitment to the Baltic Sea Action Plan and the EU Water Directive will lead to more stringent effluent requirements (6 mg-Tot-N/l, 0.2 mg-Tot-P/l and 6 mg-BOD7/l), and wastewater treatment in Stockholm will require major investment to handle these challenges. As Stockholm Vatten’s two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) – Bromma, 320,000 people, and Henriksdal, 780,000 people – are both located in or near residential areas in the city, plant development must be coordinated with its needs on economic, political, sustainable and long-term bases. Both WWTPs being facilities located underground also pose a challenge for any extension works.

Extension of two large wastewater treatment plants in Stockholm using membrane technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Andersson ◽  
P. Ek ◽  
M. Berg ◽  
J. Grundestam ◽  
E. Lindblom
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Eu

Like many other large cities, Stockholm is facing increased urbanization with densification of infrastructure as a result. At the same time, implementation of the Baltic Sea Action Plan and the EU Water Framework Directive is expected to result in more stringent effluent quality demands. The current situation gives rise to new challenges for the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This paper describes how two of Sweden's largest municipal water organizations; Stockholm Vatten and Syvab, will face these challenges using ultrafiltration (UF) membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. The effluent requirements for the rehabilitated plants are expected to be tightened to 6 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), respectively.

Upgrading of Wastewater Treatment Plants for the Reduction of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Schleswig-Holstein, FRG

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
C. F. Seyfried ◽  
E. Dammann
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

In order to solve the problems occurring in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, programmes for the reduction of nutrients in wastewater treatment plants were initiated in the Schleswig-Holstein region. In 1988, all wastewater treatment plants with capacities greater than 17 000 population equivalents were upgraded for phosphate reduction, to give effluent concentrations of less than 2 mg P/l. By 1995, standard values of Ntot < 10 mg/l and P < 0.5 mg/l are expected. Designs for the expansion of several wastewater treatment plants are presented in this paper. In particular, the problems which result from seasonal peaks, high phosphorus concentrations, and the combination of trickling filter and activated sludge processes are discussed.

scholarly journals Recovery of depleted Baltic Sea fish stocks: a review

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1856-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Aps ◽  
Hans Lassen
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Sea Fish ◽  
Term Management

Abstract Aps, R., and Lassen, H. 2010. Recovery of depleted Baltic Sea fish stocks: a review. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1856–1860. Attempts to recover some depleted Baltic fish stocks between 1995 and 2008 are reviewed. Management measures aimed at recovery were adopted by competent authorities (until 2005 the International Baltic Fisheries Commission, IBSFC), including the Baltic Salmon Action Plan (1997), Long-Term Management Strategy for Cod Stocks in the Baltic Sea (1999), Long-Term Management Strategy for the Sprat Stock in the Baltic Sea (2000), Recovery Plan for Baltic Cod (2001), and the Long-Term Objectives and Strategies for the Management of Baltic Sea Herring (2000–2002). For all stocks, TACs have been set systematically more than the scientific advice based on sustainable exploitation. We interpret this as “decision overfishing”. There is also evidence of extensive underreporting of catches, which is interpreted as “implementation overfishing”. This means that a management body is knowingly maintaining a situation of overfishing. Nevertheless, measures have also been taken to combat the situation. Our analysis suggests that decision overfishing is related strongly to overcapacity of the fleets. The combination of decision overfishing and implementation overfishing, and not the management measures per se, could be the reason for the failure of depleted stocks to recover.

scholarly journals Projected change in atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the Baltic Sea towards 2020

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2615-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Geels ◽  
K. M. Hansen ◽  
J. H. Christensen ◽  
C. Ambelas Skjøth ◽  
T. Ellermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Ship Traffic ◽  
Projected Change ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Eu

Abstract. The ecological status of the Baltic Sea has for many years been affected by the high input of both waterborne and airborne nutrients. The focus here is on the airborne input of nitrogen (N) and the projected changes in this input, assuming the new National Emission Ceilings directive (NEC-II), currently under negotiation in the EU, is fulfilled towards the year 2020. With a set of scenario simulations, the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) has been used to estimate the development in nitrogen deposition based on present day meteorology combined with present day (2007) or future (2020) anthropogenic emissions. Applying a so-called tagging method in the DEHM model, the contribution from ship traffic and from each of the nine countries with coastlines to the Baltic Sea has been assessed. The annual deposition to the Baltic Sea is estimated to 203 k tonnes N for the present day scenario (2007) and 165 k tonnes N in the 2020 scenario, giving a projected reduction of 38 k tonnes N in the annual load in 2020. This equals a decline in nitrogen deposition of 19%. The results from 20 model runs using the tagging method show that of the total nitrogen deposition in 2007, 52% came from emissions within the bordering countries. By 2020, this is projected to decrease to 48%. For some countries the projected decrease in nitrogen deposition arising from the implementation of the NEC-II directive will contribute significantly to compliance with the reductions agreed on in the provisional reduction targets of the Baltic Sea Action Plan. This underlines the importance of including projections like the current in future updates of the Baltic Sea Action Plan.

Organohalogens of Natural and Industrial Origin in Large Recipients of Bleach-Plant Effluents

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grimvall ◽  
H. Borén ◽  
S. Jonsson ◽  
S. Karlsson ◽  
R. Sävenhed
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Organic Halogens

The long-term fate of chlorophenols and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) was studied in two large recipients of bleach-plant effluents: Lake Vättern in Sweden and the Baltic Sea. The study showed that there is a long-distance transport (>100 km) of chloroguaiacols from bleach-plants to remote parts of receiving waters. However, there was no evidence of several-year-long accumulation of chloro-organics in the water-phase. A simple water-exchange model for Lake Vättern showed that the cumulated bleach-plant discharges from the past 35 years would have increased the AOX concentration in the lake by more than 100 µg Cl/l, if no AOX had been removed from the water by evaporation, sedimentation or degradation. However, the observed AOX concentration in Lake Vättern averaged only about 15 µg Cl/l, which was less than the average AOX concentration (32 µg Cl/l) in the “unpolluted” tributaries of the lake. Similar investigations in the Baltic Sea showed that non-point sources, including natural halogenation processes, accounted for a substantial fraction of the AOX in the open sea. The presence of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in precipitation and “unpolluted” surface waters showed that non-point sources may also make a considerable contribution to the background levels of compounds normally regarded as indicators of bleach-plant effluents.

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