scholarly journals Integrated model-based optimisation at the WWTP of Eindhoven

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cierkens ◽  
I. Nopens ◽  
W. De Keyser ◽  
S. Van Hulle ◽  
S. Plano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
N Removal

The current model of the full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) model in Eindhoven uses a state-of-the-art model for the biological processes (ASM2d) and is calibrated for C- and N- removal in dry weather. However, for the ‘Kallisto’ project, which is an innovation programme aiming at a smart improvement of the surface water quality of the river Dommel by applying cost effective integrated system measures, the WWTP model needs to be improved to predict the WWTP performance under all conditions foreseen in the scenarios (e.g. storm events). A project approach was developed with parallel improvements in the different submodels, based on the interaction between submodels and the availability of several on-line sensors in influent, in-process and effluent. This is in contrast to most WWTP modelling studies, where focus is only on one submodel. It should lead to a well-balanced dynamic model that is able to predict WWTP behaviour under various conditions and that will be included in the integrated model, which will serve as an important decision support tool.

A structured model for evaluating countermeasures at highway–railway grade crossings

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jin Park ◽  
Frank F Saccomanno
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Structured Model ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Grade Crossings

Various countermeasures can be introduced to reduce collisions at highway–railway grade crossings. These countermeasures may take different forms, such as passive and (or) active driver warning devices, supplementary traffic controls (four quadrant barriers, wayside horn, closed circuit television (CCTV) monitoring, etc.), illumination, signage and highway speed limit, etc. In this research, we present a structured model that makes use of data mining techniques to estimate the effect of changes in countermeasures on the expected number of collisions at a given crossing. This model serves as a decision-support tool for the evaluation and development of cost-effective and practicable safety program at highway–railway grade crossings. The use of data mining techniques helps to resolve many of the problems associated with conventional statistical models used to predict the expected number of collisions for a given type of crossing. Statistical models introduce biases that limit their ability to fully represent the relationship between selected countermeasures and resultant collisions for a mix of crossing attributes. This paper makes use of Canadian inventory and collision data to illustrate the potential merits of the proposed model to provide decision support.Key words: highway–railway grade crossing, collision prediction model, countermeasures, Poisson regression.

A Fuzzy-Based Decision Support Tool for Appraisement of Supplier's Quality Assurance Practices

2016 ◽  
pp. 255-290
Author(s):  
Chitrasen Samantra ◽  
Saurav Datta ◽  
Siba Sankar Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Effective Components ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Interactive Relationship

Recently competition in the global marketplace has stimulated immense attention being paid by the enterprises towards securing highest quality, cost effective components and materials, consistently delivered on time. This objective can only be achieved by establishing long term, close working relationships with suppliers, who adopt a proper quality philosophy. Supplier Quality Assurance is the confidence in a supplier's ability to deliver a commodity or service towards satisfying customer's needs. Supplier Quality Assurance can be achieved through interactive relationship between the customer and the supplier; it aims at ensuring the product's ‘suitably fit' to the customer's requirements with little or no adjustment or inspection. In the present context, the study develops a decision-making framework to assure as well as to assess suppliers' existing quality philosophy, current policy and related practices. An Interval-Valued Fuzzy Set (IVFS) theory has been adopted to develop such an evaluation model.

scholarly journals A decision support tool for rural water supply planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Joseph Cook ◽  
Jake Wagner ◽  
Gunnar Newell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Over a dozen studies have examined how households who travel to collect water (about one-quarter of humanity) make choices about where and how much to collect. There is little evidence, however, that these studies have informed rural water supply planning in anything but a qualitative way. In this paper, we describe a new web-based decision support tool that planners or community members can use to simulate scenarios such as (1) price, quality, or placement changes of existing sources, (2) the closure of an existing source, or (3) the addition of a new source. We describe the analytical structure of the model and then demonstrate its possibilities using data from a recent study in rural Meru County, Kenya. We discuss some limits of the current model, and encourage readers and practitioners to explore it and suggest ways in which it could be improved or used most effectively.

Choosing cost-effective locations for conservation fences in the local landscape

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bode ◽  
Karl E. C. Brennan ◽  
Keith Morris ◽  
Neil Burrows ◽  
Neville Hague
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Predator Exclusion

Context Exclosure fences are widely used to reintroduce locally extinct animals. These fences function either as permanent landscape-scale areas free from most predators, or as small-scale temporary acclimatisation areas for newly translocated individuals to be ‘soft released’ into the wider landscape. Existing research can help managers identify the best design for their exclosure fence, but there are currently no methods available to help identify the optimal location for these exclosures in the local landscape (e.g. within a property). Aims We outline a flexible decision-support tool that can help managers choose the best location for a proposed exclosure fence. We applied this method to choose the site of a predator-exclusion fence within the proposed Lorna Glen (Matuwa) Conservation Park in the rangelands of central Western Australia. Methods The decision was subject to a set of economic, ecological and political constraints that were applied sequentially. The final exclosure fence location, chosen from among those sites that satisfied the constraints, optimised conservation outcomes by maximising the area enclosed. Key results From a prohibitively large set of potential exclosure locations, the series of constraints reduced the number of candidates down to 32. When ranked by the total area enclosed, one exclosure location was clearly superior. Conclusions By describing the decision-making process explicitly and quantitatively, and systematically considering each of the candidate solutions, our approach identifies an efficient exclosure fence location via a repeatable and transparent process. Implications The construction of an exclusion fence is an expensive management option, and therefore needs to convincingly demonstrate a high expected return-on-investment. A systematic approach for choosing the location of an exclosure fence provides managers with a decision that can be justified to funding sources and stakeholders.

Incident Occurrence Models for Freeway Incident Management

2003 ◽  
Vol 1856 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sravanthi Konduri ◽  
Samuel Labi ◽  
Kumares C. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Support Tool

Incident prediction models are presented for the Interstate 80/Interstate 94 (Borman Expressway in northwestern Indiana) and Interstate 465 (northeastern Indianapolis, Indiana) freeway sections developed as a function of traffic volume, truck percentage, and weather. Separate models were developed for all incidents and noncrash incidents. Three model types were considered (Poisson regression, negative binomial regression, and nonlinear regression), and the results were compared based on magnitudes and signs of model parameter estimates and t-statistics. Least-squares estimation and maximum-likelihood methods were used to estimate the model parameters. Data from the Indiana Department of Transportation and the Indiana Climatology Database were used to establish the relationships. For a given session and incident category, the results from the Poisson and negative binomial models were found to be consistent. It was observed that, unlike section length, traffic volume is nonlinearly related to incidents, and therefore these two variables have to be considered as separate terms in the modeling process. Truck percentage was found to be a statistically significant factor affecting incident occurrence. It was also found that the weather variable (rain and snow) was negatively correlated to incidents. The freeway incident models developed constitute a useful decision support tool for implementation of new freeway patrol systems or for expansion of existing ones. They are also useful for simulating incident occurrences with a view to identifying elements of cost-effective freeway patrol strategies (patrol deployment policies, fleet size, crew size, and beat routes).

Environmental accounting - a decision support tool in WWTP operation and management

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Clauson-Kaas ◽  
T. S. Poulsen ◽  
B. N. Jacobsen ◽  
T. Guildal ◽  
H. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Controlled Deposition ◽  
Operation And Management

The various emissions to water, air and soil from the municipal wastewater treatment plant Avedore Wastewater Service Company are accounted for and quantified in terms of the environmental impacts to which they contribute: global warming, acidification, eutrophication, space demand for controlled deposition of residues, as well as persistent toxicity, human toxicity and eco-toxicity. The impacts are expressed on the same scale, namely as fraction of the total per capita loads in a national scenario 1990, also called the person equivalent or PE1990. This provides a compact and informative overview of the environmental impacts and allows for a holistic prioritisation in the operation and management of the plant. The accounting shows that the resulting emissions per person in the catchment area of the plant correspond to 0.5-5.0% of the average Danish PE1990 for the impacts in question.

Life cycle assessment as a decision support tool in wastewater treatment plant design with renewable energy utilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muratcan Başkurt ◽  
Ilgın Kocababuç ◽  
Esra Binici ◽  
Ebru Dulekgurgen ◽  
Özlem Karahan Özgün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Support Tool
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