Experimental Study on Removal of Alkali-Metal and Incineration of High Concentration Organic Liquid Wastes

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Ma ◽  
Z.Y. Ma ◽  
H.L. Jia ◽  
J.H. Yan ◽  
M.J. Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Lower Temperature

To resolve the operational problems such as agglomeration, fouling, sintering and corrosion due to low-melting eutectics formed by alkali and alkaline-earth metals in the wastewater, evaporation-crystallization method was used to remove alkali and alkaline-earth metals and decrease demand of assistant fuel before incineration. Salty concentrated liquid was recycled to be re-evaporated. The removal efficiency of Na+ in NaCl is 99.88%. The ratio of organic compounds volatilization is higher than 99.00%. Organic waste steam was incinerated in fluidized bed combustion (FBC). Combustion efficiency is influenced by bed temperature and air flux. As the temperature is increased from 650?C to 900?C at the air flux of 20m3/h, combustion efficiency is increased from 88.74% to 99.90%. When the air flux is increased from 20m3/h to 30m3/h, combustion efficiency is decreased, especially at the lower temperature. Reduction of the concentration of organic compounds can decrease the heat value of the steam, and then, reduce combustion efficiency.

FB Combustion of a Biomass Fuel: Comparison Between Pilot Scale Experiments and Model Simulations

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Miccio ◽  
Fabrizio Scala ◽  
Riccardo Chirone
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Carbon Loading

In the present work the efficiency of the fluidized bed combustion of high-volatile fuels and the extent of volatile matter post-combustion in the splashing zone and freeboard are investigated. A typical Mediterranean biomass (pine-seed shells) has been burned in a pilot-scale bubbling FB combustor (200kWt) at different operating conditions. Both over- and under-bed fuel feeding options have been considered. A FBC model specifically developed for high-volatiles fuels has been also applied to provide a comparison with bed carbon loading, in-bed heat release and splashing region temperature experimental data. Experimental results showed that the biomass combustion efficiency is always very high as a consequence of the high reactivity of the fuel. Extensive volatiles post-combustion above the bed is observed, whose extent appears to be sensitive to the over/under bed feeding option and to the excess air. Approximately 80% of the total heat is released/recirculated in the bed, the remainder leading to appreciable overheating of the freeboard with respect to the nominal bed temperature. Very low bed carbon loadings have been found. Model results compare well with the experimental temperature, heat release and carbon loading trends. However, detailed prediction of the freeboard temperature profiles requires further improvements of the model.

Simultaneous Removal of Heavy-Metal Ions by MnO2 Loaded D301 Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2791-2796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Ma ◽  
Zhi Liang Zhu ◽  
Yong Qian Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph

MnO2-loaded D301 weak basic anion exchange resin was used as adsorbent to simultaneously remove Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ from aqueous solution contained high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions. The effects of solution pH and coexistent ions on the adsorption were investigated. The results indicated that Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ can be simultaneously removed in the wide pH range of 3 to 8. The coexistence of PO43− decreased the heavy metal ions removal rate, but for other high concentrations coexistence cations and anions such as Na+, K+, Cl−, NO3−, SO42− and HCO3−, there is no significant impact on removal rate of heavy metals. The adsorption isotherm can be well described by Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption processes followed the pseudo first-order kinetics model. High adsorption capacity makes it a good promising candidate material for simultaneous removal of Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ andCu2+ from aqueous solution with the co-existence of high concentration of alkali and alkaline-earth metals ions.

Autothermal Reforming of Propane over Hydrotalcite-Like Catalysts Containing Promotor

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4009-4012 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Soon Lim ◽  
Dong-Ju Moon ◽  
Nam-Cook Park ◽  
Jae-Soon Shin ◽  
Jong-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Reaction Test ◽  
Lower Temperature Range ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Co Precipitation

Hydrotalcite-like catalysts were synthesized by co-precipitation and then these were promoted by the addition of noble metals, alkaline earth metals and ceria. Reaction tests were conducted using a feed of H2O/C/O2 = 3/1/0.37 at a temperature range from 300 °C to 700 °C. Catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, FESEM, TPR, and BET. Reaction test results confirmed an enhancement of the catalytic activity of the promotor-modified catalysts due to low carbon deposition. Among the alkaline earth metals tested, those with larger atomic number exhibited higher activity at a lower temperature range.

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