Examining the effectiveness of residential water demand-side management policies in Israel

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lavee ◽  
Y. Danieli ◽  
G. Beniad ◽  
T. Shvartzman ◽  
T. Ash
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water

Increasing global water shortage is enhancing the need for water management policies, such as water demand policies. This study presents the main water demand-side management policies implemented in Israel, designed to reduce water demand in the urban sector, and subsequently examines their effectiveness by an econometric model, based on residential water consumption data. The main findings indicate that, among the economic policy tools, a smooth increase of water tariffs was not effective, while a drought surcharge led to a significant reduction in residential water demand. Educational policy tools also significantly reduced water demand, though the daily report on the Kinneret water level (a long-term educational tool) had a larger effect on residential water consumption than awareness campaigns (a short-term educational tool). These results may assist policymakers to make informed decisions regarding the implementation of such policy tools.

scholarly journals The socioeconomic determinants of sustainable residential water consumption in Athens: empirical results from a micro-econometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kostakis
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water

AbstractThis paper provides empirical evidence on the effects of socioeconomic characteristics on residential water consumption. The case of Athens is taken as an example for the empirical investigation, using data from the 2019 Household Budget Survey. Employing ordinary, two- and three-stage least squares, seemingly unrelated regression equations and simultaneous quantile specifications, we found that residential water demand is highly price inelastic. Furthermore, empirical results show that water consumption is positively related to household age while more educated households and unemployed persons seem to follow more environmentally friendly behaviour with respect to water demand. Income, gender, house ownership and population density seem to insignificantly affect residential water demand. Our empirical findings might have important national and regional policy implications in the design of sustainable water demand management.

More Water Please, It's Getting Hot! The Effect of Climate on Residential Water Demand

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water

Climate change is expected to alter the supply and demand for water in the residential sector. Existing studies exploit the differences in climate across seasons mostly in North America and Europe, and identify changes in consumption levels attributed only to households' short-term responses. The results from models that simulate household consumption of water are sensitive to the parameters that govern the behavior of climate variables and household responses in the upcoming decades, and fail to consider short-term determinants of water consumption. The findings in the literature suggest an inexistent or small effect of climate on residential water demand. This paper studies the relationship between climate conditions and residential water consumption that corresponds to households' long-term adaptation to climate, while controlling for the effect of short-term determinants of water demand. I take advantage of the geographic variation in climate conditions across municipalities of Ecuador to identify the effect of temperature, precipitation and humidity on water demand. I adopt average prices and an IV technique to address the endogeneity problem between water prices and quantities that arise from the use of increasing-block water tariffs. I find a large and significant effect of temperature on residential water demand, whereas precipitation and humidity have a small effect. Temperature also has a stronger effect on water demand among low-income households.

scholarly journals Voluntary Management of Residential Water Demand in Low and Middle-Low Income Homes: A Pilot Study of Soacha (Colombia)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Rocío Acosta Alarcón ◽  
Juan Rodríguez ◽  
Harn Kua
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Educational Campaigns ◽  
Residential Water

The efficient use of water in urban contexts becomes a priority in the face of population growth and the potential vulnerability of water supply as a result of the impacts of climate change. This pilot study focuses on the use of educational strategies to promote the voluntary management of residential water demand. Three schools in the municipality of Soacha (Colombia) were involved, where students from 12 to 15 years old participated as promoters of water consumption educational campaigns within their families, covering a total of 120 low and middle-income families. Three intervention strategies (that is, a virtual platform, learning activities, and graphical tools) were carried out. The effects of these intervention strategies on changes in the water consumption were analyzed to establish the dependence of this variable with socio-demographic, economic, environmental and quality of life factors. Different information gathering tools were used, such as validated local water utility bills, surveys and self-reports. The graphical tools reduced consumption by 14%, but other strategies did not show significant reductions. However, according to self-reported data, all educational campaigns did have positive outcomes on the participants’ behavior. It was found that socioeconomic factors, such as type of housing, socioeconomic strata, living in a rented home, and quality of life variables (such as enjoying nature and culture, good and fluid family relationships, and material possessions) significantly affected the changes in water consumption behavior.

Economic development and residential water consumption in Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fercovic ◽  
William Foster ◽  
Oscar Melo
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Residential Water

AbstractA better understanding of the relative importance of factors related to climate change and to changes associated with economic growth would serve to inform water policy and to focus scarce public resources on anticipated problems arising from distinct sources of changes in water demand. This article investigates the determinants of residential water consumption in Chile, a developing country that has seen noteworthy changes in incomes, household size, poverty rates and levels of urbanization, and which is projected to experience significant climatic but varied changes, depending on the region of the country. Panel data for 1998-2010 at the municipal level is used to analyze the sensitivity of residential water demand to climate and development-related factors. In the case of Chile, the effect on water consumption of these development-related changes is estimated to be several times that of the changes associated with climate projections for 50 to 80 years in the future.

Impacts of water demand side policies on Mongolian residential users

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulgerel Altai ◽  
Natalie Stoeckl ◽  
David King
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Using Data ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Residential Water

The water industry in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, experiences water scarcity and managerial and economic problems due to global warming and financial crises. This paper explores several possible solutions by analysing householders' stated attitudes towards and stated (predicted) responses to different demand side policies. Using data from a survey of approximately 660 households (HHs) in Ulaanbaatar, this research is a seminal study of Mongolian residential water demand and is the first time the contingent behaviour method (CBM) has been employed to estimate price elasticity of water demand in this country. The CBM is particularly useful in data-poor environments, where one cannot use actual data to generate estimates. In this study, researchers use stated responses to a series of hypothetical changes in price to generate estimates of the price elasticity of demand for water of different types of HHs, including residents of formal apartments and those living in informal Ger areas, are characterized by a low level of public services, including water and sanitation services of the city. Householders' attitudes towards different price and non-price policies are also examined. The findings are of interest to those wishing to postpone water scarcity by better managing urban residential water demand – particularly in transit and developing economies.

scholarly journals Historical Self-Comparison of Water Consumption as a Water Demand Management Tool

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurina Otaki ◽  
Hidehito Honda ◽  
Kazuhiro Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Presentation Methods ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water

This study aimed to identify effective presentation methods used for historical self-comparisons of residential water consumption that will lead to the efficient use of water. To compare each household’s current and previous water consumption, illustrations of water droplets were used as feedback every other week for five months, with the number of water droplets indicating an increase or decrease in water consumption. When only using the same blue water droplets, there was no change in water consumption. However, when using yellow and red droplets in cases of increased water use, we observed that water consumption declined. By improving the method of communication, historical self-comparisons of water consumption can realize an efficient use of water at all consumption levels.

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