scholarly journals Local solutions in Non-Revenue Water management through North–South Water Operator Partnerships: the case of Nakuru

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (S2) ◽  
pp. 137-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ndirangu ◽  
James Ng'ang'a ◽  
Anthony Chege ◽  
Reint-Jan de Blois ◽  
Adriaan Mels
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Water Association ◽  
Development Support ◽  
Non Revenue Water

Improving access to water (and sanitation) services in Kenya (estimated at 59 and 32%, respectively), is one of the country's commitments. However, although efforts to address the situation through a rigorous water sector reform have shown some improvements, challenges still persist. One key challenge is inadequate capacity of sector institutions to deliver on their mandates. In particular, high Non-Revenue Water (NRW) levels (averaging 45%) negatively affect financial viability of water utilities. Key stakeholders are currently collaborating to improve NRW levels. Through capacity development support, underlying issues have been addressed and service delivery improved. The case of Nakuru Water, Sewerage and Sanitation Company (NAWASSCO), where local and international partners are implementing an innovative NRW model has resulted in commendable gains, is described. The NRW pilot adopted an action research approach to implement the International Water Association methodology of reducing NRW to the local situation through a pilot (NAKA). Emerging best practices will be up-scaled to other areas within and beyond Nakuru. Geographic information system (GIS) and management information system (MIS) tools were developed to facilitate decision-making. The pilot resulted in marked reduction in NRW levels and increased revenue. It demonstrates that capacity, when properly developed and locally owned, can result in commendable development gains.

scholarly journals Implementation of Scrum Work Framework in the Development of Quality Assurance Information System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Mercurius Broto Legowo ◽  
Budi Indiarto ◽  
Deden Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
System Development ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Agile Development ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Study Programs

Quality Assurance Information System Development is required to accellerate accreditation achievement. This Information System application is an integrated model of quality assurance information systems based on the integration of BAN-PT accreditation and ISO 9001: 2008. The purpose of this research is to develop a quality assurance information system by implementing the Scrum Framework. Scrum is one of the popular frameworks in Agile Development Methodology. In this way, the development of productivity increases significantly. In this Applied Research the Action Research approach is used. This Multi-Year Applied Research is the final research of previous studies. The results of this study presented the quality assurance information system that was produced using the complete Scrum framework. This information system is expected to contribute significantly to ISO-certified higher education in increasing the BAN-PT Accreditation assessment for their study programs.

scholarly journals Nurturing the digital baby: Open innovation for development and optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 2407-2421
Author(s):  
Brendan Paul Murphy ◽  
Paidi O’Raghallaigh ◽  
Michelle Carr
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Design Research ◽  
System Development ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Information System Development ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Electronic Health

The primary aim around developing and optimizing an electronic health record is to improve patient care and population health. The objective of this study is to design and evaluate an action research approach for the optimization of the design of a summary page artefact within an electronic health record for newborn healthcare. An action research approach was chosen for its participatory democratic process for developing practical knowledge and solutions. Collaborative workshops lead by an independent graphic facilitator with a ‘bottom up’ approach, involving self-selected motivated members from multidisciplinary healthcare teams, were designed and conducted. To evaluate this approach, insights were drawn from behavioural and design science paradigms to demonstrate that knowledge and understanding of the design problem and its solution were acquired in building the optimized summary page artefact. Information system development for healthcare requires consideration not just of what we do but how and why we do things. Our analysis demonstrates that action design research represents an agile and lean approach for successful optimization and implementation of information system development in healthcare.

Reinforcing water and sanitation sector reform in South Africa

Water Policy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Busari ◽  
Barry Jackson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Some ten years ago, South Africa's newly elected government inherited huge services backlogs with respect to access to water supply and sanitation. About 15 million people were without safe water supply and over 20 million without adequate sanitation services. Since then, the country has made remarkable progress with regard to accelerating the pace of services provision and restructuring and refocusing the entire water sector. Having ensured access to an additional population of over 10 million people, South Africa is well on track to wipe out the infrastructure backlog for basic water supply by 2008, exceeding the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) target. But first, with respect to sanitation for which the national target is universal access to a functioning facility by 2010, the picture is somewhat different. Second, substantial challenges remain in addressing historical inequalities in access to both water supply and sanitation, and in sustaining service provision over the long term.

scholarly journals Implementation of Scrum Work Framework in the Development of Quality Assurance Information System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Mercurius Broto Legowo ◽  
Budi Indiarto ◽  
Deden Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
System Development ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Agile Development ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Study Programs

<p class="JGI-AbstractIsi">Quality Assurance Information System Development is required to accellerate accreditation achievement. This Information System application is an integrated model of quality assurance information systems based on the integration of BAN-PT accreditation and ISO 9001: 2008. The purpose of this research is to develop a quality assurance information system by implementing the Scrum Framework. Scrum is one of the popular frameworks in Agile Development Methodology. In this way, the development of productivity increases significantly. In this Applied Research the Action Research approach is used. This Multi-Year Applied Research is the final research of previous studies. The results of this study presented the quality assurance information system that was produced using the complete Scrum framework. This information system is expected to contribute significantly to ISO-certified higher education in increasing the BAN-PT Accreditation assessment for their study programs.</p>

scholarly journals SILACAK: Bagaimana Penggunaan Aplikasi Pelacakan Kasus Kontak Erat COVID-19 di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Taufiq Hamzah Sitompul ◽  
Popy Meilani ◽  
Syefira Salsabila ◽  
Lalu Lian Hariwangi
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Close Contacts

AbstractCOVID-19started outbreaks in Indonesia from March 2020, with a large spread rate making not only Indonesia, but all exposed countries in the world find the difficulties to deal with it. The advance of technology has been used to overcome the COVID-19 cases. The Ministry of Health supported by Health Information System Programme (HISP) Indonesia adopted the DHIS2 platform in the development of a contact tracing application called SILACAK. In this study, we will discuss the development of the SILACAK application which is used as a COVID-19contact tracing application in Indonesia. The method in this study is a qualitative method with an action research approach. The use of SILACAK starts from the primary healthcare level by utilizing health workers and collaboration with volunteers and The Indonesian National Military and The Indonesia National Police. The use of SILACAK was used in stages and in July 2020 it was used by 34 provinces. Currently SILACAK is used as a tool for tracking and monitoring close contact, in which close contact tracing (at least 80%) and the ratio of close contact to confirmation cases are used as a national reference (1:15).  However, for some regions there are those that cannot exceed this provision because tacthe number of close contacts does not exceed the specified limit. So that, another assessment was also carried out to see the performance of contact tracing, which consisted of: close contacts who conducted entry and exit tests, close contacts who were monitored and completed the monitoring.Keyword: SILACAK, DHIS2, COVID-19, contact tracing applicationAbstrakCOVID-19 memasuki Indonesia di bulan Maret 2020, dengan laju penyebaran yang besar membuat tidak hanya Indonesia tapi seluruh negara yang terpapar di dunia merasa kesulitan dalam menghadapinya. Kecanggihan teknologi dimanfaatkan untuk menanggulangi COVID-19. Kementerian Kesehatan didukung oleh Health Information System Programme (HISP) Indonesia mengadopsi platform DHIS2 dalam pengembangan aplikasi Pelacakan Kasus Kontak COVID-19 yang disebut SILACAK. Dalam penelitian ini akan membahas perkembangan aplikasi SILACAK yang digunakan sebagai aplikasi pelacakan kontak COVID-19 di Indonesia. Metode dalam penelitian ini dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan action research. Pemanfaatan SILACAK dimulai dari level puskesmas dengan memanfaatkan tenaga Kesehatan dan berkolaborasi dengan relawan serta TNI dan POLRI. Penggunaan SILACAK digunakan secara bertahap dan di bulan Juli 2020 dimanfaatkan oleh 34 provinsi.  Saat ini SILACAK dijadikan sebagai alat untuk pelacakan dan pemantauan kontak erat, yang mana pelacakan kontak erat (minimal 80%) dan rasio kontak erat dengan kasus konfirmasi yang dijadikan sebagai acuan Nasional (1:15). Namun beberapa daerah belum bisa memenuhi angka tersebut di karena kan angka dari jumlah kontak eratnya tidak memenuhi sampai angka tersebut. Sehingga dalam menilai suatu kinerja dari keberhasilan pelacakan kontak suatu daerah juga dapat mempertimbangkan dari kontak erat yang dilakukan entry tes dan exit tes, kontak erat yang dilakukan pemantauan dan menyelesaikan pemantauannya.Kata Kunci: SILACAK, DHIS2, COVID-19, aplikasi pelacakan kontak

Water and sanitation policies for improving health in South Africa: overcoming the institutional legacy of apartheid

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Sinanovic ◽  
Sandi Mbatsha ◽  
Stephen Gundry ◽  
Jim Wright ◽  
Clas Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The South ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
New Policies

The burden of water-related disease is closely related to both the socio-economic situation and public health issues like access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene services. Poverty eradication, through improved access to water and sanitation, is the South African government's major priority. This is partly achieved through subsidising the cost of water and sanitation provision to the poor in rural areas. Whilst the new policies have made a remarkable impact on improved access to water and sanitation services, a general problem since the new approach in 1994 has been the lack of integration of policies for water and sanitation and health. This paper analyses the policies concerning rural water supply and sanitation in South Africa. It considers the structure of institutions, the division of responsibilities and legislated and financial capacity of the South Africa's water sector. A more integrated approach for the policies aiming at water access, sanitation and health is needed. In addition, as the local government's capacity to implement different programmes is limited, a review of the financing system is necessary.

Beyond Findings: Conversations with Experts

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Joanne Evans ◽  
Gregory Rolan
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Historical Justice ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Discovery Project

AbstractRights in Records by Design is a three-year Australian Research Council-funded Discovery Project that is running from 2017 to 2019. This project brings together an interdisciplinary research team to investigate the recordkeeping and archival needs for those whose childhoods are impacted by child welfare and protection systems. Using a participatory action research approach the team of recordkeeping, historical, social work, early childhood education and community researchers are exploring the design of Lifelong Living Archives for those who experience childhood out-of-home Care. The goal of research and in designing the Archive is to re-imagine recordkeeping frameworks, processes and systems in support of responsive and accountable child-centred out-of-home Care, and to enable historical justice and reconciliation. Chief Investigator Associate Professor Joanne Evans and post-doctoral researcher Dr. Gregory Rolan from the Faculty of Information Technology at Monash University in Australia talk to PDT&C about this project.

scholarly journals More evidence or stronger political will: exploring the feasibility of needle and syringe programs in Ukrainian prisons

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dmitrieva ◽  
Vladimir Stepanov ◽  
Kateryna Svyrydova ◽  
Ievgeniia-Galyna Lukash ◽  
Svetlana Doltu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
World Health ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Needle And Syringe Programs ◽  
Laws And Policies

Abstract Introduction In 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended for prison authorities to introduce prison needle and syringe programs (PNSP) if they have any evidence that injecting drug use is taking place in prisons. This article presents descriptive evidence that injecting drug use takes place in Ukrainian prisons, it discusses how (denial of) access to injection equipment is regulated in the current system and what changes should be considered in order to implement PNSP. Background Ukrainian prisons still live by the laws and policies adopted in the Soviet Union. Besides laws and regulations, these legacies are replicated through the organization and infrastructure of the prison’s physical space, and through “carceral collectivism” as a specific form of living and behaving. Inviolability of the prison order over time helps the prison staff to normalize and routinely rationalize punishment enforcement as a power “over” prisoners, but not a power “for” achieving a specific goal. Methods The Participatory Action Research approach was used as a way of involving different actors in the study’s working group and research process. The data were gathered through 160 semi-structured interviews with prison health care workers, guards, people who inject drugs (PWID) who served one or several terms and other informants. Results The “expertise” in drug use among prisoners demonstrated by prison staff tells us two things—they admit that injecting use takes place in prisons, and that the surveillance of prisoner behavior has been carried out constantly since the very beginning as a core function of control. The communal living conditions and prison collectivism may not only produce and reproduce a criminal subculture but, using the same mechanisms, produce and reproduce drug use in prison. The “political will” incorporated into prison laws and policies is essential for the revision of outdated legacies and making PNSP implementation feasible. Conclusion PNSP implementation is not just a question of having evidence of injecting drug use in the hands of prison authorities. For PNSP to be feasible in the prison environment, there is a need for specific changes to transition from one historical period and political leadership to another. And, thus, to make PNSP work requires making power work for change, and not just for reproducing the power itself.

scholarly journals The process of transprofessional collaboration: how caregivers integrated the perspectives of rehabilitation through working with a physical therapist

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e000378
Author(s):  
Ryohei Goto ◽  
Junji Haruta
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Action Research Approach ◽  
Informal Interview ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
Field Notes

ObjectivesTo clarify the process of how caregivers in a nursing home integrate the perspectives of rehabilitation into their responsibilities through working with a physical therapist.DesignThis study was conducted under an action research approach.SettingThe target facility was a nursing home located in Japan. The researcher, a physical therapist, worked at the nursing home once a week from April 2016 to March 2017. During the study period, he created field notes focused on the dialogue and action of caregivers regarding care, responses of caregivers to the physical therapist and reflections as a physical therapist. Caregivers were also given a short informal interview about their relationship with the nursing home residents. For data analysis, two researchers discussed the content based on the field notes, consolidating the findings.ParticipantsThe participants were caregivers who worked at the target facility. Thirty-eight caregivers agreed to participate. Average age was 39.6±11.1 years, 14 (37%) were male and average caregiver experience was 9.8 years.ResultsTwo cycles of action research were conducted during the study period. There were four stages in the process of how caregivers in the nursing home integrated the perspectives of rehabilitation through their work with the physical therapist. First, caregivers resisted having the rehabilitation programme carried out in the unit because they perceived that rehabilitation performed by a physical therapist was a special process and not under their responsibility. However, the caregivers were given a shared perspective on rehabilitation by the physical therapist, which helped them to understand the meaning of care to adapt the residents’ abilities to their daily life. They practised resident-centred care on a trial basis, although with a sense of conflict between their new and previous role, which emphasised the safety of residents’ lives and personhood. The caregivers increased their self-efficacy as their knowledge and skills were supplemented by the physical therapist and his approval of their attempted care. They were then able to commit to their newly conceived specialty of care as a means of supporting the lives of residents.ConclusionsThe process of working with a physical therapist led to a change in caregivers’ perception and behaviours, which occurred in four stages: resistance to incorporation, recapture of other perspectives, conflicts and trials in the role of caregiver and transformation to a resident-centred perspective.

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