Household demand for improved water supply services in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia

Water Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinfe Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tewodros Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
House Price ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Water Service ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
And Gender

With population growth and urbanization, demand for improved water services has been growing. It is imperative therefore to examine different factors that influence demand for improved water services and the resultant welfare changes. Using cross-sectional household survey data collected through structured questionnaire from ten administrative units in Mekelle City, we estimate household willingness to pay models and identify major determinant factors of demand for improved water service. In order to help us do this, we considered selection issues and estimated models using the Heckman Two-Step Estimator. Our results show that the amount of bid (amount of money households would be willing to pay) that households (already connected to private taps) would be willing to pay is positively associated with household income, ownership of the house, price of vended water and the practice of water purification. For households who are not connected to private taps, the amount they would be willing to pay for (improved) private tap connection is positively associated with formal education, housing status and gender. We also investigate the welfare gains and losses as a result of improved water service. Analytical results show that, as the number of households who subscribe to improved water service increases, there is a gain in surplus for households and revenue (producer surplus) for the municipality.

scholarly journals The Role of Demographic Characteristics and Spiritual Dimensions in Predicting Empathy: A Study in Muslim Pre-Service Teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fifi Khoirul Fitriyah ◽  
Nur Hidayah ◽  
Muslihati Muslihati ◽  
Im Hambali ◽  
Mursyidul Ibad
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Spirituality Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

Although many studies have examined the relationship between spirituality and empathy, very few studies have focused on demographic and spiritual dimensions in influencing empathy for pre-service teachers. This study analyzes the effect of gender, age, and years of formal education on spirituality and empathy and analyzes the influence of the spiritual dimensions on empathy. This research is a cross-sectional study, with 319 Muslim pre-service teachers as respondents. The data collection technique used an online questionnaire adapted from the Spirituality Assessment Scale (SAS) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). The results show that age affects spirituality, while empathy is influenced by age and gender. One unanticipated finding was that years of formal education had no effect on either spirituality or empathy. The most important finding of this study is the higher the level of innerness, the more likely it is to have high empathy. This study's findings are useful as an assessment material and creating counseling designs to increase empathy for pre-service teachers. This is a part of forming the ideal profile of counselors in schools later. Integrating Islamic values ​​is also an essential alternative in counseling for Muslims.

scholarly journals Community based hematological reference intervals among apparently healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years in Mekelle city, Tigrai, northern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0234106
Author(s):  
Hagos Haileslasie ◽  
Aster Tsegaye ◽  
Gebreyohanes Teklehaymanot ◽  
Getachew Belay ◽  
Gebreslassie Gebremariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
Apparently Healthy

scholarly journals PROPORTION OF EARLY ANTENATAL CARE BOOKING AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN MEKELLE CITY, PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTIONS, NORTHERN ETHIOPIA, 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Gebreamlak Gidey ◽  
Desta Abraha
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Initiation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mekelle City

 Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the proportion and associated factors for early initiation of antenatal care visit in Mekelle City, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2015.Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among 391 pregnant women’s in Mekelle special zone. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data through interview. Data were entered into EPI info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to see significant variables with p<0.05 at 95% confidence interval (CI).Result: The proportion of pregnant women who initiate early antenatal care (ANC) visit was found to be 41.1%. Perceived correct time of initiation before 4 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.261, 95% CI 1.391–7.645) and correct time told by others before 4 months with (AOR=6.617, 95% CI 2.580, 16.971) were found to have statistically significant positive outcomes association with early initiation of antenatal care visit.Conclusion: The proportion of early ANC initiation in Mekelle is lower than the World Health Organization recommendation which is <16 weeks gestation. Therefore, providing information to the community, initiation counseling, and providing health education on the benefits early ANC is crucial to improving maternal, neonatal, and child health outcomes.

Foreign live-in domestic workers as caretakers of older Kuwaiti men and women: socio-demographic and health correlates

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
NASRA SHAH ◽  
HANAN BADR ◽  
MAKHDOOM SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domestic Worker ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTAgeing of the population is posing new challenges for caretakers. This paper aims to examine: (a) age and gender differences in care provided by a domestic worker versus a family member in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL); (b) socio-demographic correlates of care during illness; and (c) self-reported physical, functional, and psychological health status in relation to care-giver. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among 2,487 Kuwaiti nationals aged 50 years or older. This paper focuses on persons aged 70 or more. We found that domestic workers provided care to 28 per cent of men and 58 per cent of women who needed assistance with ADL; and to 14 per cent men and 51 per cent women during illness. These respondents ranked poorer on several health indicators and reported higher depressive symptoms score than those looked after by a family member. Logistic regression indicated that care by a domestic worker was approximately seven times more likely for women than men, about 10.8 times more likely for those without co-resident children compared with those who had three or more co-resident children, and 44 per cent less likely for the poorest compared with the richest persons. It appears that reliance on domestic workers is increasing and such reliance will remain necessary in the absence of culturally acceptable alternative institutional arrangements.

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Treatment Pattern of Vitiligo in Selected Dermatological Clinics of Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Afewerki Gebremeskel Tsadik ◽  
Goitom Fitsum Legesse ◽  
Desilu Mahari Desta ◽  
Brhane Teklebrhan Assefa ◽  
Hailekiros Gebretsadik Kidanemariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age At Onset ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Treatment Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background. Vitiligo is not a well-studied disease in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed its clinico-epidemiological profile and treatment patterns. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in conveniently selected dermatologic clinics of Mekelle city, Ethiopia. A two-phased study was conducted, in which the first was to determine prevalence of vitiligo while the second phase was to describe the clinico-epidemiological profile and treatment pattern of vitiligo. Four-hundred three randomly selected dermatological patients were included in the first phase study. The second phase study included vitiligo cases from the first phase study and additional vitiligo cases found in a two months period prospective study. Results. Of the 403 randomly selected dermatological patients who presented in the year 2017 to 2019, the prevalence of vitiligo was 13.15%. Of the 79 cases with vitiligo, nearly two-thirds (50, 63.3%) were males with five years as the median age at onset of the disease. Positive family history of vitiligo was recorded in about one-third (25, 31.6%) of the cases. Limbs (48, 44.5%) followed by the head and neck (26, 24%) were the most commonly affected parts of the body at the onset of the disease. The most prevalent clinical form of vitiligo was vulgaris (39.2%) followed by the focal type (26.6%). Emotional upset (24, 33.8%) and physical traumas (23, 32.4%) were the frequently reported triggering factors of vitiligo. Three-fourths (75.5%) of the cases had prescriptions of topical corticosteroids, and 24.5% of them had prescriptions of sun screen lotion. Conclusion. The prevalence of vitiligo was found to be high. The clinico-epidemiological profile of vitiligo in Ethiopia was similar with that found globally. However, treatment options of vitiligo were very limited in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Altitude and its inverse association with abdominal obesity in an Andean country: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Jaime Pajuelo-Ramírez ◽  
Harold Torres-Aparcana ◽  
Rosa Agüero-Zamora ◽  
Antonio M. Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
And Gender

Background: Abdominal obesity represents an accurate predictor of overall morbidity and mortality, which is worrisome because it is also continuously increasing across Andean countries. However, its relationship with altitude remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the association between altitude and abdominal obesity in Peru, and how sociodemographic variables impact this association. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Peru and analyzed its association with altitude using the data from the 2012-2013 National Household Survey (ENAHO). During this survey, a representative sample of Peruvians was screened for abdominal obesity, using waist circumference as a proxy, and the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines cutoffs. Results: Data were analyzed from a sample of 20,489 Peruvians (51% male). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was estimated at 33.6% (95% CI: 32.5 to 34.6%). In Peru, altitude was significantly and inversely associated with abdominal obesity, decreasing with higher altitudes: 1500-2999 meters above mean sea level (MAMSL) vs <1500 MAMSL, adjusted prevalence rate [aPR]= 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.97); ≥3000 MAMSL vs <1500 MAMSL, aPR= 0.98 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.11), when adjusting by age, gender and residence area (rural/urban). However, this association was significantly modified by age and gender (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Peru and decreases significantly with altitude, but age and gender modify this association. Thus, abdominal obesity appears to affect older women from low altitudes more than younger men from high altitudes.

scholarly journals Days away from Work Injury and Associated Factors among Waste Collectors in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesele Bahre Abrha ◽  
Yisak Arbise Messelle ◽  
Akeza Awealom Asgedom ◽  
Beyene Meressa
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Work Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Injuries ◽  
Mekelle City

Abstract Background: In its nature, solid waste management is a labour intensive industry, which exposes workers to numerous occupational hazards. This study was aimed to investigate the magnitude of days away from work injuries and associated factors among organized waste collectors in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia. Method: A questionnaire and observation checklist based cross-sectional study design was employed from June 1 to 30, 2017. Data was analysed using SPSS for windows 20.0. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression methods were used to describe the study population and assess the association between dependent and independent variables, respectively. Result: From the total of 279 waste collectors involved as a study participant, ten percent(10%) of them reported at least one day away from work injuries during the last twelve months. Female were 96% less likely to be injured as compared to male (AOR = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.008 -0.204). Being married is 87% less likely to be injured as compared to being a single (AOR = 0.130 95% CI: 0.027-0.621). The odds of injury were 4.5 times higher among those who do not use personal protective equipment as compared to their counterparts (AOR = 4.514 95%CI: 1.684-12.095). Waste collectors, who had less than 1000 Birr income, were 3 times more likely to be injured than waste collectors who had greater than 1001 Birr per month income (AOR = 3.008 95%CI: 1.081 - 8.371.Conclusion: Days away from work injury among waste collectors is a public health problem and has an impact on the economic and social well-being of workers. Therefore, strengthening the provision of personal protective devices and insuring its utilization is highly recommended.

scholarly journals National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines (PNAUM): household survey component methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi ◽  
Alexandra Crispim Boing ◽  
Noemia Urruth Leão Tavares ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Rational Use Of Medicines ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe methodological aspects of the household survey National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines (PNAUM) related to sampling design and implementation, the actual obtained sample, instruments and fieldwork. METHODS A cross-sectional, population-based study with probability sampling in three stages of the population living in households located in Brazilian urban areas. Fieldwork was carried out between September 2013 and February 2014. The data collection instrument included questions related to: information about households, residents and respondents; chronic diseases and medicines used; use of health services; acute diseases and events treated with drugs; use of contraceptives; use of pharmacy services; behaviors that may affect drug use; package inserts and packaging; lifestyle and health insurance. RESULTS In total, 41,433 interviews were carried out in 20,404 households and 576 urban clusters corresponding to 586 census tracts distributed in the five Brazilian regions, according to eight domains defined by age and gender. CONCLUSIONS The results of the survey may be used as a baseline for future studies aiming to assess the impact of government action on drug access and use. For local studies using a compatible method, PNAUM may serve as a reference point to evaluate variations in space and population. With a comprehensive evaluation of drug-related aspects, PNAUM is a major source of data for a variety of analyses to be carried out both at academic and government level.

scholarly journals Magnitude and determinants of road traffic accidents in Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e034133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awtachew Berhe Woldu ◽  
Abraham Aregay Desta ◽  
Tewolde Wubayehu Woldearegay
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mekelle City

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done using a simple random sampling technique.SettingThe study was done in Mekelle city from February to June 2015.ParticipantsThe study was done among drivers settled in Mekelle city.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measure was occurrence of RTA within 2 years. A binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with RTA.ResultsThe magnitude of RTA was found to be 23.17%. According to the drivers’ perceived cause of the accident, 22 (38.60%) of the accident was due to violation of traffic rules and regulations. The majority of the victims were pedestrians, 19 (33.33%). Drivers who were driving a governmental vehicle were 4.16 (adjusted OR (AOR) 4.16; 95% CI 1.48 to 11.70) times more likely to have RTA compared with those who drive private vehicles. Drivers who used alcohol were 2.29 (AOR 2.29; 95% CI 1.08 to 4.85) times more likely to have RTA compared with those drivers who did not consume alcohol.ConclusionMagnitude of reported road traffic accident was high. Violation of traffic laws, lack of vehicle maintenance and lack of general safety awareness on pedestrians were the dominant reported causes of RTAs. Driving a governmental vehicle and alcohol consumption were the factors associated with RTA. Monitoring blood alcohol level of drivers and regular awareness to the drivers should be in place. Holistic study should be done to identify the causes of RTAs.

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