Wells for welfare or illfare? Cost of groundwater depletion in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Palanisami ◽  
A. Vidhyavathi ◽  
C. R. Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Groundwater Overdraft ◽  
Well Spacing ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
The Cost

Groundwater depletion is experienced in several districts of Tamil Nadu state and Coimbatore district is heading in that direction. The average well failure rate is 47% for open wells and 9% for bore wells. The total cost of depletion for new wells varies from Rs 1,999 per ha to Rs 90,975 per ha. The electricity subsidy to the farmers has varied from Rs 22,621 per ha for coconut growers to Rs 25,498 per ha for banana growers as on 2004. The cost of irrigation per cubic metre (m3) is less on large farms. The average net return with free electricity varies from Rs 0.14 per m3 to Rs 1.38 per m3 and is drastically reduced when electricity is priced at an economic cost, i.e. Rs −1.15 to Rs −0.14 per m3. The shift in cropping pattern towards high value crops helped the farmers to some extent to bear the cost of externalities arising out of depletion. The social cost caused by groundwater overdraft is about Rs 554.3 million, which may increase when the well density increases further. Suggested policy options are to change the cropping pattern to less water-consuming crops, to invest in watershed development activities, to change inefficient pumpsets and to adopt well spacing norms.

scholarly journals A Study on the Shift in Cropping Pattern from Agriculture to Horticulture in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. Vincent ◽  
Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Micro Level

India is predominantly a food crop producing country in the world and a leading producer of world’s pulse (25.00%), rice (22.00%), wheat (13.00%) and cotton (25.00%). On the other hand, the country has gone through a substantial shift in cropping pattern from food crops (agricultural crops) to horticultural crops over the last five years (2011-15). The state Tamil Nadu has also witnessed a shift in cropping pattern towards horticulture. Therefore, micro-level research was undertaken in Malaipalayam and Vadavedampatti of Sultanpet block and Naickenpalayam and Nanjundapuram of Periyanaickenpalayam block in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The sample size of the study was 120 farmers. The research found that most (23.50%) of the farmers shifted their cropping pattern to horticulture during the year 2005-06 followed by 11.50 per cent during 2002-03. However, the shift in cropping pattern towards horticulture started during the 21st century. It was observed from the study nearly one-fifth (20.84%) of the farmers chosen Coconut as the sole crop in the place of Pulses (Field bean/Cowpea/Horse gram + Field bean-Mochai) – Maize/ Sorghum + Sugarcane + Fodder crops during 2016-17. Twenty-two farmers cultivated Coconut + Vegetables during 2016-17 yet, these same farmers had the cropping pattern of Sugarcane/Maize/ Sorghum + Pulses (Horse gram + Bengal Gram/Cowpea/Red gram/Green gram/Field bean)/Cotton/ Paddy during 1999-2000. The area under horticulture increased to more than three-fifths (67.35%) of the total area among the farmers during 2009-10 (After Shift). However, the area (4.50%) of horticulture was very less during 1999-2000 (Before Shift) when compared to the area (87.99%) of agriculture to the total area. In this context, this paper elucidates the nature of the shift in cropping pattern from agriculture to horticulture and the present status/ trend of horticulture in Coimbatore district and future prospectus.

scholarly journals New locality record of Bipalium univittatum Grube, 1866 (Tricladida: Geoplanidae: Bipaliinae) from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Selvamurugan ◽  
◽  
N Santhana Bharathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Locality Record ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Land Planarian

Land planarians (Platyhelminthes) are likely important components of the soil cryptofauna, although relevant aspects of their ecology such as their density remain largely unstudied. The land planarian Bipalium univittatum Grube,1866 (Tricladida: Geoplanidae) is thought to be native from Southeast Asia. This species is found in Periyakallar, Valparai, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu state, India. This note gives details, distribution, description and conservation status

scholarly journals An analysis on the farm productivity and rturns from bt cotton. A case study of coimbatore district

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-338
Author(s):  
Subramani M ◽  
Jagadeesh pand S
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Cotton Farmers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

India has made impressive strides on the agricultural front during the past three decades. India is the leading producer in many of the agricultural crops including the commercial crops. Objectives of the study, To analyse the socio economics conditions of the Cotton farmers in the study area and study the cost of cultivation of Bt cotton farmers in the study area. Methodology of this study, in order to estimate the impact of BT cotton on existing cropping pattern in the district of Coimbatore, a survey was conducted in the rural areas of the district. A sample of 500 respondents was taken from the cotton growing villagesof the district namely, Anaimalai, Annur, Karamadai, Kinathukadavu, Madukarai, Pollachi,Sarkarsamakulam and Sulur are the major blocks were BT cotton are grown. Important findings of the study, on the use of inputs in the cotton farm activity indicated that, for a majority of the inputs, the use of these inputs increases with the increase in the size of holdings and the reason put forth was that a majority of the sample growers particularly, the small, medium and large growers adopt mechanization in cotton farming which is the cause of higher usage of agricultural inputs. Suggested in this study, The low productivity addedwith the poor quality of the product results in poor for the product which ultimately results in poor returns. The higher share of expenditure incurred on pests and disease control and for the application of higher dose of chemical pesticides and labour intensive nature of cultivation are the probable reasons for high cost of production. 

Service Gap In Hospital Industry- A Patient Centric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
T. Muthupandian ◽  
A. Sabarirajan ◽  
B. Arun ◽  
P.S. Venkateswaran ◽  
S. Manaimaran
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Hospital Industry ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
The People ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
Service Gap ◽  
Very High ◽  
Century Health ◽  
Patient Centric

This paper is having a major objective of finding out the service gap in hospital industry – A patient centric analysis in Coimbatore District. In the 21st century, Health conscious is very high among the people in Tamil Nadu. Before fifty years, people have limited level of hospitals and other allied health services. But today, increases of public, private, corporate and municipal hospitals providing quality services. Hence patients are expecting high quality services from the service providers. The study reveals that services provided in the hospitals have a positive and strong effect on the satisfaction of the inpatients. But reliability is the factor the hospital administrations have to consider.

A Study on Job Satisfaction among Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) Employees at Tiruvarur Branch

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
M. Ganesan, K ◽  
K. Veerakumar ◽  
N. R Vembu ◽  
Dr. M. K Durgamani ◽  
Dr. Renuka
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Labour Turnover

Job satisfaction is an important factor for employees working in formal and informal sector. The job is small or big, permanent or temporary, risky or non-risky, job satisfaction is important. It is the mental feeling which drives the employees to excel. Job satisfaction is a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental circumstances. A satisfied employee is a contented and happy human being. The labour turnover depends upon job satisfaction. Even highly paid employees quit the job when they are not satisfied with the job. Road transportation in Tamilnadu is growing day by day. Job stress in the road transportation is very high due to increase in number of vehicle playing on the road and heavy traffic. The drivers and conductors working in public transport corporation are suffering from high job stress. If drivers and conductors are not satisfied with their job which leads to mental stresses and affects the productivity and also creates accidents. In this present study the researchers made an attempt to study the level of job satisfaction among the drivers and conductors who are working in the Tamilnadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC). The study reveals the expectations of drivers and conductors working in TNSTC with regards to the attributes like salary, promotion and fringe benefits etc., are satisfactory and not detrimental. 

The Cost of Being ‘Backward’ in India: Socio-religious Discrimination in the Labour Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110296
Author(s):  
Soumyajit Chakraborty ◽  
Alok K. Bohara
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Religious Discrimination ◽  
Capital Endowment ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
Sample Survey Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Human Capital Endowment

Being from backward castes, classes and Muslims in India has an economic cost associated with the nature of institutional discrimination. Using the 2011–2012 National Sample Survey data, this study identifies that caste and religion still rule the modern Indian labour market. We find that discrimination is evident in the socio-religious earnings gaps. While the parametric decompositions suggest that most of these gaps are due to differential human capital endowment, the nonparametric method almost evenly attributes inequality to discrimination and endowment. The results presented in this study suggest that discrimination against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Muslims and Other Backward Classes should be included in policy designs to promote equity in the Indian labour market.

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin B12 Status and Risk of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Birth Defects in Tamil Nadu State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Munger ◽  
Rajarajeswari Kuppuswamy ◽  
Jyotsna Murthy ◽  
Kalpana Balakrishnan ◽  
Gurusamy Thangavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tamil Nadu State

Background and Objective: The causal role of maternal nutrition in orofacial clefts is uncertain. We tested hypotheses that low maternal vitamin B12 and low folate status are each associated with an increased risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) in a case–control study in Tamil Nadu state, India. Methods: Case-mothers of CL±P children (n = 47) and control-mothers of unaffected children (n = 50) were recruited an average of 1.4 years after birth of the index child and plasma vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), total homocysteine (tHcy), and folate were measured at that time. Logistic regression analyses estimated associations between nutrient biomarkers and case–control status. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) contrasting biomarker levels showed associations between case-mothers and low versus high plasma vitamin B12 (OR = 2.48, 95% CI, 1.02-6.01) and high versus low plasma MMA, an indicator of poor B12 status (OR = 3.65 95% CI, 1.21-11.05). Case–control status was not consistently associated with folate or tHcy levels. Low vitamin B12 status, when defined by a combination of both plasma vitamin B12 and MMA levels, had an even stronger association with case-mothers (OR = 6.54, 95% CI, 1.33-32.09). Conclusions: Mothers of CL±P children in southern India were 6.5 times more likely to have poor vitamin B12 status, defined by multiple biomarkers, compared to control-mothers. Further studies in populations with diverse nutritional backgrounds are required to determine whether poor maternal vitamin B12 or folate levels or their interactions are causally related to CL±P.

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