Socio-economics and hydrological impacts of melamchi intersectoral and interbasin water transfer project, Nepal

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Bhattarai ◽  
Dhruba Pant ◽  
David Molden
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Water Origin ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
The Government ◽  
City Water ◽  
Water Mill

To mitigate the drinking water crisis in Kathmandu city, the Government of Nepal has recently initiated the Melamchi project, which will divert water from the Melamchi River to Kathmandu city's water supply network. In the first phase, the project will divert 170,000 cubic metres of water per day (at 1.97 m3/s). There is a plan to triple the volume of water using the same infrastructure as city water demand increases. This paper illustrates the complexities involved in planning and implementing the intersectoral (interbasin) water transfer project, and the socio-economic and hydrological implications of the project in the basin of water supply. This project potentially generates huge economic benefits, mostly accrued to the urban sector. An already a resource-poor water-supplying basin bears all the opportunity costs of the water transfer. The project compensation scheme has focused more on local public goods and has not much considered third party effects such as traditional water mill owners and tenant farmers who may unduly bear the brunt of the project. Effective participation of stakeholders and early negotiation for compensation could minimize such third party effects. The absence of such negotiation has raised some concerns about the effectiveness of the Melamchi project to meet the social obligations in the basin of water origin.

Integrated watershed management efforts: case study from Melen Watershed experiencing interbasin water transfer

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ozturk ◽  
A. Erturk ◽  
A. Ekdal ◽  
M. Gurel ◽  
E. Cokgor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Watershed Protection ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
The Government

Istanbul is a megacity with a population of over 13 million. Due to experienced droughts and population growth in the city, interbasin water transfer from Melen Watershed was considered as the most feasible alternative to supply water that can compensate for water demand in the future. This decision changed the beneficial use of the Melen Watershed from irrigation water supply to drinking water supply and necessitated extensive pollution prevention measures to comply with the new water quality requirements. A Watershed Protection Action Plan was developed for the sustainable management of Melen Watershed. The action plan included measures concerning wastewater management, diffuse pollution management, solid waste management and water quality monitoring. In this paper, proposed protection actions in the plan are provided together with the activities realized so far. In addition, the changes made by the authorities during implementation of the plan are presented. The proposed Watershed Protection Action Plan as approved by the government is one of the first examples in Turkey, where watershed-based planning of water resources is implemented instead of administrative boundary-based management.

The “Surge Phenomenon” of Macro Economy in Developing Countries from the Perspective of Tobacco Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-673
Author(s):  
Lulu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Starting from the tobacco economy, this paper studies the “surge phenomenon” of macro-economy in developing countries. Methods: This paper studies the impact of tobacco industry on Anhui economy by using the relevant theories of industrial economics, econometrics and regulatory economics, combined with the actual situation of tobacco industry. Based on the analysis of the overall development of tobacco industry, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between tobacco industry and Anhui economic growth. This paper combs the relevant literature of the existing research results of this theory. Combined with the special fact that government investment accounts for a large proportion in China’s current economic construction, this paper redefines the hypothesis of the investor in the theory of principles. On this basis, the expected equilibrium results of enterprise investment decision-making under government led and market led modes are compared and analyzed by using incomplete information static game model. Results: When the output value of tobacco industry increases by 1%, it will drive the GDP to increase by 0.373%. Secondly, by comparing the economic benefits of tobacco with the social costs of tobacco, it is found that with the economic development, the social costs caused by tobacco increase year by year, but the economic benefits are slightly greater than the social costs. The difference between the two is also increasing year by year. Conclusion: In the context of tobacco control, we should fully consider the advantages and disadvantages of developing the tobacco industry. Under the excessive intervention of the government, the manifestation of the surge phenomenon is more intense, and the final consequence of overcapacity is more serious than that under the market-oriented mode..

scholarly journals Livelihood Patterns of the Tibetan Refugees in Kathmandu

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Neelam Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Home Affair ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tibetan Refugees ◽  
Sampling Survey

This Study entitled as “Livelihood Pattern of the Tibetan Refugees in Nepal” (A Case Study of the Samdupling in Jawalakhel and Khampa Refugee Camp in Boudha- Jorpati) aims to discover the livelihood patterns of Tibetan refugees residing in the Samdupling camp in Jawalakhel and Khampa Refugee’s Camp in Boudha-Jorpati. The paper intends to examine the problems confronted by Tibetan refugees residing in the Samdupling camp and Khampa Refugee’s Camp. The study itself is conducted with the objectives of describing the present socio-economic status of Tibetan refugees dwelling in aforementioned camps located inside the Kathmandu valley and Lalitpur. This write-up not only deals with different livelihood aspects of Tibetan refugees but also compares the livelihood of two camps to list out the social, economic and political problems affecting their livelihood. However, this study is mainly based on the primary information and the data which were collected using the techniques of household survey and sampling survey, along with questionnaire and interview during the several field visits to camps. The paper concludes by stating that government intervention is required to resolve the issues affecting the livelihood of Tibetan refugees. Tibetan refugees’ problems required a political yet humanitarian resolution. The government needs to decide on whether to endow the citizenship or refugee card to the refugees who have been deprived of the both, or opt for the third-party settlement. For that Tibetans refugees also need to cooperate and coordinate with the refugees department under the Ministry of the Home Affair, Government of Nepal

THE IMPROVING TARIFFS’ FORMATION FOR CENTRAL WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE SERVICES OF THE STIMULATING REGULATION PRINCIPLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Elina Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Logical Scheme ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environmental Measures

In the article describes the main theoretical bases of tariffs’ formation for central water supply and sewage services of the stimulating regulation principles has been considered. The author proposed to extend the government regulation principles of tariffs, and developed structural-logical scheme of tariff’ formation for water supply and sewage in conditions of the priority of the social and environmental measures’ realization.

scholarly journals Barriers and Benefits Arising from the Adoption of Sustainable Certification for Smallholder Oil Palm Producers in Malaysia: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10009
Author(s):  
Nurul Fathiah Aziz ◽  
Norshamliza Chamhuri ◽  
Peter J. Batt
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Malaysia is the world’s second largest producer of palm oil, which, not unexpectedly, is one of the largest contributors to the country’s GDP. However, the Malaysian palm oil industry faces numerous issues, including a boycott for imports into the European Union (EU) on the basis that Malaysia does not allegedly practice good agriculture, fails to meet sustainability standards and exploits labor rights. To overcome the situation, the Government of Malaysia is strongly committed to implementing good agricultural practices that meet international sustainability standards through sustainable certification. To facilitate the adoption of sustainable certification by smallholder palm oil producers, through a comprehensive review of the literature, this study seeks to identify the social, environmental and economic benefits derived from sustainable certification.

The Exploration of Water-Saving in Building Water-Drainage

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 6106-6112
Author(s):  
Shuang Mei Cao ◽  
Gui Yun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
The Government

Through the analysis of the present situation of water-saving in building water supply and drainage in our country to realize that some problems still exist in the water conservation consciousness, water saving technology, water-saving management etc, stating there is great space in water-saving, to ensure the water-saving society construction and save and protect the water resource, we should further improve water saving consciousness, changing the traditional water-using habits and improve water management way; Constantly innovating water-saving technology, researching and promoting water-saving facilities and equipment. dominated by the government, Comprehensive use of publicity and measure of administrative, law, management, economy, education and scientific means, unifying management, configuring scientifically, only this can solve the conflict of supplying and demanding to a certain extent and the lack of water in peak hour, it can ease the tension in water supply and protect the environment, bringing good environmental, social and economic benefits.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Penata Laksana Rumah Tangga (PLRT) Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Hengki Firmanda ◽  
Andre Antonius
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

Protection of migrant workers, especially those working in informal areas, has become a serious problem in several countries, including Indonesia. Informal migrant workers such as domestic helpers, including one of the areas that get the most attention because of the lack of protection afforded to them. The rights of migrant workers are often violated only for the sake of economic benefits to both sending and receiving countries. This condition makes the government of each country should seriously think about the social protection of migrant workers. informal migrant workers were limited into consideration in discussions related to the social protection of labor, even though they work in the working area that very vulnerable to exploitation. This paper will examine qualitatively the comparative law approach to the problem of informal social protection of migrant workers between Indonesia and Malaysia. The results showed that the legal status of migrant workers are often not regulated informally legislation in the host country (Malaysia) that their protection does not exist in law or in practice, in addition to the problems of bureaucracy and politics also became an obstacle for domestic workers in getting access to social protection.

Monetizing Legal Assets: Social and Economic Benefits of Third-Party Dispute Finance in Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yee Khong
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
Multiple Jurisdictions

Abstract This article explains third-party dispute finance, including practical issues relating to the funding process and how to choose a funder. It examines some of the social benefits of funding and its importance in an economic downturn, and looks at some of the risks of dispute finance. It also considers the regulation of dispute finance in various Asian jurisdictions, as well as recent industry trends, including the use of dispute funding by well-resourced corporates and dispute-finance products for companies. It explains funding for insolvency-related claims and funding for the enforcement of awards and judgments. Finally, it provides two case-studies in which funding provided access to justice and enabled the funded party to recover a non-performing loan in multiple jurisdictions.

Pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh BPJS Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Syariah

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Iwan Subandi ◽  
Fathurrahman Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Health Support ◽  
The Government

Health is the basic right for everybody, therefore every citizen is entitled to get the health care. In enforcing the regulation for Jaringan Kesehatan Nasional (National Health Supports), it is heavily influenced by the foreign interests. Economically, this program does not reduce the people’s burdens, on the contrary, it will increase them. This means the health supports in which should place the government as the guarantor of the public health, but the people themselves that should pay for the health care. In the realization of the health support the are elements against the Syariah principles. Indonesian Muslim Religious Leaders (MUI) only say that the BPJS Kesehatan (Sosial Support Institution for Health) does not conform with the syariah. The society is asked to register and continue the participation in the program of Social Supports Institution for Health. The best solution is to enforce the mechanism which is in accordance with the syariah principles. The establishment of BPJS based on syariah has to be carried out in cooperation from the elements of Social Supports Institution (BPJS), Indonesian Muslim Religious (MUI), Financial Institution Authorities, National Social Supports Council, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Finance. Accordingly, the Social Supports Institution for Helath (BPJS Kesehatan) based on syariah principles could be obtained and could became the solution of the polemics in the society.

Nazistowski mord na Żydach w prasie polskich komunistów (1942–1944).

2006 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Klaus Peter Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Right

Facing the decisive struggle between Nazism and Soviet communism for dominance in Europe, in 1942/43 Polish communists sojourning in the USSR espoused anti-German concepts of the political right. Their aim was an ethnic Polish ‘national communism’. Meanwhile, the Polish Workers’ Party in the occupied country advocated a maximum intensification of civilian resistance and partisan struggle. In this context, commentaries on the Nazi judeocide were an important element in their endeavors to influence the prevailing mood in the country: The underground communist press often pointed to the fate of the murdered Jews as a warning in order to make it clear to the Polish population where a deficient lack of resistance could lead. However, an agreed, unconditional Polish and Jewish armed resistance did not come about. At the same time, the communist press constantly expanded its demagogic confrontation with Polish “reactionaries” and accused them of shared responsibility for the Nazi murder of the Jews, while the Polish government (in London) was attacked for its failure. This antagonism was intensified in the fierce dispute between the Polish and Soviet governments after the rift which followed revelations about the Katyn massacre. Now the communist propaganda image of the enemy came to the fore in respect to the government and its representatives in occupied Poland. It viewed the government-in-exile as being allied with the “reactionaries,” indifferent to the murder of the Jews, and thus acting ultimately on behalf of Nazi German policy. The communists denounced the real and supposed antisemitism of their adversaries more and more bluntly. In view of their political isolation, they coupled them together, in an undifferentiated manner, extending from the right-wing radical ONR to the social democrats and the other parties represented in the underground parliament loyal to the London based Polish government. Thereby communist propaganda tried to discredit their opponents and to justify the need for a new start in a post-war Poland whose fate should be shaped by the revolutionary left. They were thus paving the way for the ultimate communist takeover

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