scholarly journals Modelling spatio-temporal heterogeneities in groundwater quality in Ghana: a multivariate chemometric approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-672
Author(s):  
Frederick Ato Armah ◽  
Arnold Paintsil ◽  
David Oscar Yawson ◽  
Michael Osei Adu ◽  
Justice O. Odoi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Chemometric Approach ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Chemometric techniques were applied to evaluate the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in groundwater quality data for approximately 740 goldmining and agriculture-intensive locations in Ghana. The strongest linear and monotonic relationships occurred between Mn and Fe. Sixty-nine per cent of total variance in the dataset was explained by four variance factors: physicochemical properties, bacteriological quality, natural geologic attributes and anthropogenic factors (artisanal goldmining). There was evidence of significant differences in means of all trace metals and physicochemical parameters (p < 0.001) between goldmining and non-goldmining locations. Arsenic and turbidity produced very high value F's demonstrating that ‘physical properties and chalcophilic elements’ was the function that most discriminated between non-goldmining and goldmining locations. Variations in Escherichia coli and total coliforms were observed between the dry and wet seasons. The overall predictive accuracy of the discriminant function showed that non-goldmining locations were classified with slightly better accuracy (89%) than goldmining areas (69.6%). There were significant differences between the underlying distributions of Cd, Mn and Pb in the wet and dry seasons. This study emphasizes the practicality of chemometrics in the assessment and elucidation of complex water quality datasets to promote effective management of groundwater resources for sustaining human health.

scholarly journals Impact of Spatio-Temporal change in landuse/landcover on Groundwater Quality and Human Health; A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jamal Nasir ◽  
Burhan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tasleem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, and Nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe Landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48- 62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

scholarly journals A Simple Approach of Groundwater Quality Analysis, Classification, and Mapping in Peshawar, Pakistan

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Syed Adnan ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Matti Maltamo ◽  
Muhammad Suleman Bacha ◽  
Asfandyar Shahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Cart Analysis

Groundwater is an important source of water for drinking, agriculture, and other household purposes, but high population growth, industrialization, and lack of oversight on environmental policies and implementation have not only degraded the quality but also stressed the quantity of this precious source of water. Many options existed, but this study evaluated, classified, and mapped the quality of groundwater used for potable consumption with a simple approach in an urban area (Peshawar valley) of Pakistan. More than 100 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physio-chemical parameters in a laboratory. Hierarchal clustering analysis (HCA) and classification and regression tree (CART) analysis were sequentially applied to produce potential clusters/groups (groundwater quality classes), extract the threshold values of the clusters, classify and map the groundwater quality data into meaningful classes, and identify the most critical parameters in the classification. The HCA produced six distinct potential clusters. We found a high correlation of electrical conductivity with t o t a l   h a r d n e s s ( R 2 =   0.72 ), a l k a l i n i t y ( R 2 =   0.59 ) and c h l o r i d e   ( R 2 =   0.64 ) , and, t o t a l   h a r d n e s s with c h l o r i d e ( R 2 = 0.62), and a l k a l i n i t y ( R 2 = 0.51). The CART analysis conclusively identified the threshold values of the six classes and showed that t o t a l   h a r d n e s s was the most critical parameter in the classification. The majority of the groundwater was either with worse quality or good quality, and only a few areas had the worst groundwater quality. This study presents a simple tool for the classification of groundwater quality based on several aesthetic constituents and can assist decision makers develop and support policies and/or regulations to manage groundwater resources.

scholarly journals Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend of Nationwide Groundwater Quality in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9971
Author(s):  
Chang-Seong Kim ◽  
Maimoona Raza ◽  
Jin-Yong Lee ◽  
Heejung Kim ◽  
Chanhyeok Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Land Use Types

Factors controlling the spatial distribution and temporal trend of groundwater quality at a national scale are important to investigate for sustaining livelihood and ecological balance. This study evaluated groundwater quality data for 12 parameters (n = 6405 for each parameter), collected from 97 groundwater monitoring stations (=289 monitoring wells) for ten years. Spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters varied through the regional scale. Six parameters: T, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3−, and Cl− were having dominant increasing trend, remaining pH, Eh, Na+, K+, SO42−, and NO3− showed a dominant decreasing trend over time. Among land use types, the upland fields had the highest mean of groundwater NO3− (22.2 mg/L), confirming plenty of application of fertilizers (5–10 kg/a more than standard) to upland fields. Means of groundwater Cl− and Na+ (705.3 and 298.4 mg/L, respectively) in the residential areas are greater than those in other land use types by 408–685.9, 154.3–274.2 mg/L, respectively. Agricultural activities were the main controlling factor of groundwater NO3− contamination in rural areas, domestic activities were responsible for groundwater Cl− and Na+ in urban areas, and seawater intrusion was controlling groundwater Cl− in coastal areas (within 10 km from sea). Groundwater hydrochemistry was controlled by the mechanism of geogenic rock and evaporation dominance. The rock dominance mechanism indicated that groundwater was interacting with rocks and resulted in groundwater chemistry. The findings of this study showed that groundwater was mainly contaminated by anthropogenic factors in some rural and residential areas. Effective measures by government authorities are needed to improve the groundwater quality.

Back-Propagation Neural Network on Characterization of Groundwater Quality in Pingtung Champaign, Taiwan

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 2456-2461
Author(s):  
Yi Chu Huang ◽  
Ping Kuei Tang ◽  
Yu Chun Lee ◽  
Ya Ru Lin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Back Propagation Neural Network ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Monitoring Cost ◽  
Water Quality Data

Four clusters were classified according to the similarities and dissimilarities of water quality data collected from 1998 to 2008 of the 76 monitoring wells in Pingtung Champaign. The results showed that the groundwater quality of hinterland was better than that of coastal area. Some wells along the coastal areas have already been influenced by seawater intrusion incurring aquifer salinization. The overall grouping accuracy of cluster analysis (CA) for rainy and dry seasons was 95.8% and 97% according to the discriminant analysis, respectively. The results from the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model showed no significant variations of nitrate (NO3-N) between the estimated and observed data, however most of the estimated total organic carbon (TOC) data were higher than the observed ones. It meant that the groundwater quality may be susceptible to the impacts of organic pollutants in the future within 90% confidence intervals. The results of this study show that application of CA and BPNN can simplify complex non-linear systems, moreover, groundwater quality can be estimated and modeled via monitoring data over the years. The modeling results can be utilized to frame the corresponding strategies to reduce the monitoring cost and to enhance the cost-effective benefits. The proposed analysis methods can be referred as a management plan for groundwater resources and pollution prevention to achieve the goal of early warning.

scholarly journals Investigating Groundwater Quality in the Flood Prone Neighborhood Area in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Nasir Nayan ◽  
Yazid Saleh ◽  
Mohmadisa Hashim ◽  
Hanifah Mahat ◽  
Koh Liew See
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

The purpose of this study is to compare the quality of groundwater during wet and dry seasons in Malaysia especially in Kuala Krai District which frequently involved in annual monsoon floods and the question whether the wells can be used during floods as well as an alternative source when there are no floods. Six sampling stations were selected using six main parameters which included DO, pH, BOD, COD, TSS and NH3N. The assessment was conducted based on the standards set by Malaysian INWQS and the classification of WQI. The results of the analysis showed that most of the water samples taken during the wet season had concentration values that did not meet the DOE standards such as the DO, BOD, and NH3N parameters. Based on the WQI classification, majority stations during the wet season were in moderately contaminated except for station T6 which was clean. On the contrary, during a dry season were found to be clean except for station T1 which was moderately contaminated.

scholarly journals Impacts of Emerging Agricultural Practices on Groundwater Quality in Kahe Catchment, Tanzania

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lwimbo ◽  
Komakech ◽  
Muzuka
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

This paper assesses the impacts of farmers’ intensive use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) on groundwater quality in the Kahe catchment. Samples were collected during the wet and dry seasons of the year 2018 and analyzed for the presence of agrochemicals in the water. Groundwater chemistry was dominated by magnesium-sodium-bicarbonate (Mg-Na-HCO3−). The cations levels were in the trend of Mg2+ >Na+ > Ca2+ > K+, whereas anions were HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− for both seasons. The NO3− had an average value of about 18.40 ± 4.04 and 7.6 ± 1.7 mg/L in the wet and dry season, respectively. Elevated levels of nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and ammonium were found in water samples collected near the large-scale sugarcane plantation in the catchment. For both seasons, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations averaged approximately 0.08 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.03, 0.16 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01, 0.46 ± 0.05, and 0.55 ± 0.02 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, the concentrations were higher in shallow wells than in the deep boreholes. Pesticides’ residues were below the detection limit in all sampled groundwater. The findings from this study provide important information for intervention in groundwater quality management in Kahe Catchment, Tanzania.

Influence of Anthropogenic Pressures on Groundwater Quality from a Rural Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Catalina Stoica ◽  
Gabriela Geanina Vasile ◽  
Alina Banciu ◽  
Daniela Niculescu ◽  
Irina Lucaciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

During the past few decades, the anthropogenic activities induced worldwide changes in the ecological systems, including the aquatic systems. This work analysed the contamination level of groundwater resources from a rural agglomeration (Central-Western part of Prahova County) by biological and physico-chemical approaches. The study was performed during the autumn of 2016 on several sampling sites (four drilling wells, depth higher than 100 m supplying three villages; two wells lower than 10 m depth and one spring). The water quality was evaluated by comparison with the limit values of the drinking water quality legislation (Law no.458/2002) and the Order 621/2014 (applicable to all groundwater bodies of Romania). The results showed that phenols and metals (iron and manganese) exceeded the threshold values in all sampling sites. Moreover, the anthropogenic factors including agriculture, use of fertilizers, manures, animal husbandry led to an increase of the bacterial load, particularly at wells sites.

Study on Prediction Model of Karstic Large Spring Water Level Dynamic Coupling Multiple Factors in Jinan

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Liting ◽  
Zhou Juan ◽  
Zhang Fengjuan ◽  
Wang Song ◽  
Dou Tongwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Heterogeneous Features ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Natural Decay

In karst regions, due to the heterogeneous features of karst medium, the characteristics of the groundwater flow turn to be of high complexity. Researchers have been seeking proper forecasting methods for karst water dynamic for many years. This paper, taking the spring in Jinan as an example, using regression analysis, analyzed the factors influencing spring water dynamic, and quantitatively evaluated the influencing coefficients of spring water level concerning rainfall, exploitation and recharge as well as the natural decay coefficient of spring water in dry seasons. The prediction model coupling multiple factors was built by investigating natural and anthropogenic factors influencing groundwater level, which could be used for forecasting dynamic of spring water in Jinan. The calculated value of model was highly coincided with the observed value. In consideration of the characteristics of uneven precipitation in Jinan, the suitable zones and volume of artificial recharge were investigated finally, which could help to sustain the spewing of Jinan springs significantly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document