scholarly journals Removal of nickel and cadmium heavy metals using nanofiber membranes functionalized with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (TMPTMS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Reza Zahabi ◽  
Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini Ravandi ◽  
Alireza Allafchian
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Ion Rejection ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

Functionalized nanofibrous membranes have been produced via electrospinning with a polymer solution of 19% (w/w) of nylon 66 prepared in a formic acid/chloroform mixture (75:25 v/v). The optimum parameters of electrospinning, like voltage, flow rate, tip and collector distances, were achieved and produced nanofiber membranes with a thickness of 287 nm. Then the nanofiber membranes were functionalized by (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (TMPTMS) at various amounts. Three different initial concentrations of metal ions and three different levels of pH were chosen. The effect of filtration process parameters such as the initial concentration of metal solution, pH of the solution, and the amount of functionalizer trimethoxysilane (TMPTMS) on the adsorption was studied. In surveying filtration process parameters, the results showed that metal ion rejection increased by increasing the pH of the solution and decreased by increasing the initial concentration of the effluent. By increasing the amount of functionalizer, removal efficiency increased. The results showed that the maximum efficiency of absorption of cadmium and nickel were 93.0 and 97.6%, respectively, and the filtering mechanism of the membrane is the blocking pores type. The adsorption data of cadmium and nickel ions fitted particularly well with the Freundlich isotherm.

Surface Modification of Composite Membranes by Coating PVA/TiO2 Layer

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 299-303
Author(s):  
Baturalp Yalcinkaya ◽  
Jiri Chaloupek
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Ion Rejection ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Water pollution comprises all of those compounds that change the quality of groundwater and surface water, therefore reducing the suitability of natural water for human use and other vital processes. These compounds result from human activities, especially those that are industrial, agricultural and domestic.The polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes become important in desalination of sea water and brackish water or waste water. However the polyamide reverse osmosis membranes tend to fouling due to their hydrophobic and rough surfaces. In this study flux and rejection of waste water from aluminum production industry were obtained during filtration process by using modified commercial composite membranes. Amount of fouling was evaluated with unmodified and modified membranes. Rejection of iron particles and PH of feed and permeate solutions were determined after filtration process. Results shows that modified membranes were performed higher metal ion rejection and antifouling performance than unmodified membranes.

Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Polluted Water Using Modified Wheat Bran

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 853-864
Author(s):  
Gideon Masedi Nii Ayi Lomoko ◽  
Dainius Paliulis ◽  
Karlis Valters
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract The discharge of wastewater containing heavy metals into waterbodies is a major environmental issue that can influence the quality of the water supply; therefore, it is important to remove the pollutants dangerous to living organisms. The adsorption of copper (II) ions on modified wheat bran was investigated with respect to initial solution pH (2.0-7.0), contact time (5–120 min), adsorbent mass (0.5 g and 1.0 g), and initial metal ion concentration (2.0–20 mg/L). The optimum adsorption conditions were found to be at pH 5.0 and a contact time of 60 min with an adsorbent mass of 1.0 g where the maximum efficiency was recorded as 84.5 %. The adsorption uptake (in mg/g) of copper (II) ions slowly reached equilibrium in around 30 min and this amount was 0.30 mg/g using an adsorbent mass of 0.5 g. The adsorption uptake of copper (II) ions decreased with increasing mass of adsorbent and the adsorption efficiency (in %) increased with increasing mass of adsorbent. The experimental results were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich models, with the Langmuir model fitting better than the Freundlich model. The maximum modelled adsorption capacity was 4.24 mg/g and the modelled specific surface area of modified wheat bran was 6.36 m2. It was observed that the adsorption of copper (II) ions on modified wheat bran is efficient and suitable, therefore modified wheat bran is a relatively good adsorbent for the removal of copper (II) ions from polluted water compared to other agricultural adsorbents.

Removal and Recovery of Cr(VI) from Synthetic and Industrial Wastewater using Bark of Pinus roxburghii as an Adsorbent

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rais Ahmad ◽  
Rifaqat Ali Khan Rao ◽  
Mir Mohammad Masood
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Column Operation ◽  
Removal And Recovery

Abstract In the present study, the potential of Pinus roxburghii bark as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals such as Cr(VI), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solution at ambient temperature was investigated. Adsorption capacity of the material was found to be 4.15, 3.89, 3.81, 3.53 and 3.01 mg g-1 for Cr(VI), Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II), respectively, at an initial metal ion concentration of 50 mg L-1 at pH 6.5. The effect of concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, solution pH, adsorbent particle size, salinity and hardness on the adsorption of Cr(VI) were studied in detail in batch experiments. The equilibrium contact time for Cr(VI) adsorption was found to be 1 h. Adsorption equilibrium data fit well to the Freundlich isotherm in the concentration range studied. The maximum adsorption (96.2%) was recorded at pH 3 for the initial Cr(VI) concentration of 50 mg L-1. The adsorbed metal ions from industrial wastewater were recovered using 0.1 M HCl solution. The column operation was found to be more effective compared to batch process. The percent recovery of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater by column operation and batch process was found to be 85.8 and 65%, respectively. The results show that Pinus roxburghii bark can be used as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Cr(VI) from wastewater.

scholarly journals Removal of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution by Carbon Prepared from Henna Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shanthi ◽  
V. M. Selvarajan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage

Carbon prepared from leaves of henna (Lawsonia inermis) was used to study the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions from their aqueous solutions. The experimental conditions which include pH, contact time, initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the metal removal were investigated. The capacity of adsorption depends on pH value; it increases with an increase in pH value from 1 to 7 and then decreases. The highest percentage of metal removal was achieved in the adsorbent dosage of 0.7 g and at an initial concentration of 100 ppm metal ion. The adsorption isotherm studies revealed that data was confirmed with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The removal percentage was found to be higher for Cu(II) when compared with Cr(VI). The potential of carbon prepared from henna leaves for the removal of these two solutions containing heavy metals was substantiated.

scholarly journals Equilibrium studies of the sequential removal of Reactive Blue 19 dye and lead (II) on rapeseed waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 162-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Morosanu ◽  
Lavinia Tofan ◽  
Carmen Teodosiu ◽  
Carmen Paduraru
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Biosorption Capacity ◽  
Reactive Blue 19 ◽  
Optimal Description ◽  
Two Parameters

This study investigates the effect of pollutant initial concentration on the sequential biosorptive removal of Reactive blue 19 dye and Pb(II) ions on rapeseed waste. The initial concentrations of both organic and inorganic pollutants positively influence the sequential biosorption of the dye and metal ion under study on rapeseed meal waste. The most significant increase was found in the removal of Reactive blue 19 dye by using rapeseed previously loaded with lead ions. In this case, the increase of the initial concentration from 15 mg/L to 100 mg/L results in an increase of the biosorption capacity of almost 6.8 times. Taking into account the frequent quantification of the wastewater treatment efficiency through the biosorption capacity generated from equilibrium studies, the obtained experimental data have been modelled by using five two-parameters (Langmuir, Freundlich, Halsey, Temkin and Harkins-Jura) and five three-parameters (Sips, Redlich-Peterson, Toth, modified BET and Hill) nonlinear isotherms. Linearized forms of Langmuir and Freundlich were also discussed. The optimal description for the sequential biosorption of the reactive dye is provided by the Hill and Langmuir isotherms, whereas the retention of lead on rapeseed waste is provided by the Freundlich isotherm.

scholarly journals Removal of Cadmium (II) Ions from Synthetic Wastewaters by Alginate – Immobilized Penicillium sp Biomass

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Jalija ◽  
Adamu Uzairu
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this investigation was to study the biosorption of Cd (II) from aqueous solution onto Penicillium sp immobilized in calcium alginate and to determine the isotherms and kinetics of the adsorption process. The capacity for Cd (II) biosorption was investigated as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial metal ion concentration. The results showed that the removal efficiency increased with increase in adsorbent dosage and solution pH. For adsorbent dosage, the highest removal efficiency was 93.45% (adsorbent dosage of 200 mg). In terms of pH, the highest removal percentage was 89.75% at pH of 9.0 and Cd (II) ion concentration of 2 mg/L. The experimental data fitted the Freundlich isotherm better than the Langmuir isotherm. Their R2 values were 0.9852 and 0.8053 respectively. The calculated maximum biosorption capacity Qo was 7.12 mg g-1. The values of R2 for the pseudo – first and pseudo – second order kinetics are 0.9007 and 0.9960 respectively. The experimental value of qe, the biosorption capacity at equilibrium, for the pseudo second order model was closer to the theoretical value than that of the pseudo – first order indicating that chemisorption is the probable mechanism of the process.  These results show that the investigated biosorbent is a good low cost adsorbent for the removal of Cd (II) from wastewaters.

scholarly journals Electrospun Bilayer PAN/Chitosan Nanofiber Membranes Incorporated with Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamad F. Alharbi ◽  
Mustafa Y. Haddad ◽  
Muhammed Omer Aijaz ◽  
Abdulaziz K. Assaifan ◽  
Mohammed R. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Equation ◽  
Chitosan Nanofiber ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes

Bilayer nanofiber membranes with enhanced adsorption and mechanical properties were produced by combining a layer of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) functionalized with metal oxides (MO) of ZnO or TiO2 with a layer of chitosan (CS) via consecutive electrospinning. The adsorption properties of the bilayer PAN/MO–CS nanofiber membranes against lead (Pb(II)) and cadmium (Cd(II)) ions were investigated, including the effects of the solution pH, initial ion concentrations, and interaction time. The integration of a CS layer into PAN/MO nanofibers increased the adsorption capacity of lead by 102% and cadmium by 405%, compared to PAN/MO single layer. The nonlinear optimization method showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm equation better described the adsorption results. More importantly, the incorporation of a supportive CS nanofiber layer enhanced the tensile strength of PAN/MO–CS bilayer by approximately 68% compared to the PAN/MO single layer, owing to the strong interaction between the fibers at the interface of the two layers.

scholarly journals Uptake of CrO42- Ions by Fe-Treated Tri-Calcium Phosphate

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Serrano-Gómez ◽  
Jorge Luis Ramírez-Sandoval ◽  
Juan Bonifacio- Martínez ◽  
Francisco Granados-Correa ◽  
Verónica Elizabeth Badillo-Almaraz
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Chromium Adsorption

CrO42- ion adsorption on Fe-treated tri-calcium phosphate was studied by batch experiments as a function of contact time, initial concentration of metal ion and temperature. Adsorption results showed that at pH 5.5 and 1.0x10-4 M chromium concentration the adsorption capacity of Fe-treated tri-calcium phosphate for CrO42- ions was 7.10x10-3 mmol/g. Chromium adsorption data on Fe-treated tri-calcium phosphate at various initial concentration fitted the Freundlich isotherm. By temperature studies the thermodynamic parameters ∆H0, ∆G0 and ∆S0 were estimated and the obtained results showed that the adsorption reaction was endothermic and spontaneous.    

scholarly journals Adsorption of Copper and Iron Using Low Cost Material as Adsorbent

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq S. Najim ◽  
Nazik J. Elais ◽  
Alya A. Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Solid Adsorbent ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, pine fruit was used as solid adsorbent for removal of ferrous and copper ions from aqueous solutions through batch equilibrium technique. The influence of contact time, pH of the solution and initial concentration of metal ions on adsorbed amount of metal ions were investigated. 90 minutes of adsorption time was found sufficient to reach equilibrium for ferrous ion and 120 minutes for copper ion. Adsorption of metal ions were pH dependent and the results indicate the optimum pH for the removal of Fe+2was found to be 5.0 and that of Cu+2was 7.0, the highest adsorption capacity was found to be 4.8 and 14.1 mg of metal ion per gram of adsorbent at initial concentration of 22.22 mg/L and 57.6 mg/L of ferrous and copper ions respectively and would be higher with higher initial concentration. Ferrous ion was removed by 96.3 - 97.3% and copper ion by 94.1-96% along the whole range of initial concentrations. Isotherm studies showed that the data were best fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetic data corresponded well with the pseudo-second order equation, suggesting that the adsorption process is presumably a chemisorption.

scholarly journals Effective Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Divalent Nickel Ions from Water through Polyaniline, Iron Oxide, and Their Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Muhammad ◽  
Anwar ul Haq Ali Shah ◽  
Salma Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Divalent Nickel

Water pollution caused by industrial wastes containing heavy metals and dyes is a major environmental problem. This study reports on the synthesis, characterization, and utilizations of Polyaniline (PANI) and its composites with Fe3O4 for the removal of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and divalent nickel Ni(II) ions from water. The adsorption data were fitted in Freudlich, Langmuir, Tempkin, Dubbanin–Ruddishkawich (D–R), and Elovich adsorption isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm fits more closely to the adsorption data with R2 values of 0.9472, 0.9890, and 0.9684 for adsorption of Cr(VI) on Fe3O4, PANI, and PANI/Fe3O4 composites, respectively, while for adsorption of Ni(II) these values were 0.9366, 0.9232, and 0.9307 respectively. The effects of solution pH, initial concentration, contact time, ionic strength, and adsorbent dosage on adsorption behavior were investigated. The adsorption ability of composites was compared with pristine PANI and Fe3O4 particles. Activation energy and other thermodynamic properties such as changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy indicated spontaneous and exothermic adsorption.

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