scholarly journals A water quality index for recreation in Brazilian freshwaters

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Azevedo Lopes ◽  
R. J. Davies-Colley ◽  
E. Von Sperling ◽  
A. P. Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
Bathing Water Quality ◽  
Recreational Use

Use of water for leisure activities has long been prevalent in human societies, especially where the climate is favorable. Water resources with appealing conditions for primary contact recreational activities include rivers, waterfall plunge pools, dams and lakes, as well as sea coasts. Recreational use has specific demands for water quality, particularly as regards risks to human health such as exposure to pathogenic organisms, toxic substances, and submerged hazards. In Brazil, there is insufficient monitoring of bathing water conditions and currently used methodology has some limitations particularly the lack of guidance on interpretation of variables other than faecal bacterial indicators. The objectives of this study were: (1) to establish variables contributing to assessment of freshwater bathing conditions in Brazil; (2) to develop an integrated index of suitability-for-use for bathing in Brazil; and (3) to improve the methodology for assessing bathing water quality in Brazil. Based on a metadata analysis and consultation with Brazilian water professionals, a water quality index was developed incorporating the variables: Escherichia coli, cyanobacterial density, turbidity (visual clarity) and pH. This index should advance the management of recreational waters in Brazil, by improving the evaluation of freshwater bathing conditions and protecting the health of frequent users.

scholarly journals Development of a New Predictive index (Bathing Water Quality Index, BWQI) Based on Escherichia coli Physiological States for Bathing Waters Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Simone Bonamano ◽  
Alice Madonia ◽  
Gabriella Caruso ◽  
Giuseppe Zappalà ◽  
Marco Marcelli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Bathing Waters ◽  
Bathing Water Quality

Bacterial pathogens in coastal aquatic ecosystems pose a potential public health hazard for bathing water use. The European Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC) currently relies on the culturability of fecal pollution bacterial indicators such as Escherichia coli, without considering dormant or quiescent (Viable But Not Culturable, VBNC) cells, whose possible resuscitation after bathers ingestion cannot be excluded. Standard methods are also time-consuming and therefore hardly meet early warning needs of marine monitoring. To solve this issue, a new index, the Bathing Water Quality Index (BWQI), has here been developed, allowing to identify the most favorable coastal zones for recreational use. The index was calculated by combining numerical simulations of living and dormant E. coli abundances and their residence times. To specifically set up the model with the different physiological states of the whole E. coli population, an ad hoc experiment based on the fluorescent antibody method was performed. The BWQI application to Santa Marinella bathing area highlights a potential risk for human health in the zone most frequented by bathers. This study provides a predictive tool to support preventive decisions of the competent authorities and to properly protect bathers’ health, stressing the need for improved methods for environmental monitoring.

Salmonella: relations with indicators in recreational waters affected by sewage discharges

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Efstratiou
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Bacterial Indicators ◽  
Faecal Pollution ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Bathing Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Discharges ◽  
The Eu

Densities of bacterial indicators of marine faecal pollution were compared, in coastal areas affected by sewage and river discharges, with Salmonella spp. t-tests comparing numbers of TC, FC and FS in samples positive and negative for Salmonella showed a good association between TC and FC (p significant at 0.006 and 0.034 respectively) and the pathogen. The levels of all three indicators in the guide standards of the EU Bathing Water Quality Directive predict absence of Salmonella. The Imperative standards of the directive do not. The conclusion is reached that if sewage works discharges into the watercourse effluent with low indicator counts the risk of Salmonella in the water will be minimal.

GEOPHYSICAL AND WATER QUALITY INDEX SURVEYS OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY AROUND UGBOR DUMPSITE IN BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA, WEST AFRICA.

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4383-4393
Author(s):  
Osabuohien Idehen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Vertical Electric Sounding ◽  
Geoelectric Layer

This study takes a look into groundwater quality at Ugbor Dumpsite area using water quality index (WQI), 2-Dimensional (2-D) geophysical resistivity tomography and vertical electric sounding (VES).The geophysical resistivity methods employed revealed the depth to aquifer, the geoelectric layers being made up of lateritic topsoil, clayed sand and sand. Along the trasverse line in the third geoelectric layer of lateral distance of 76 m to 100 m is a very low resistivity of 0.9 to 13 m from a depth range o f about 3 to 25 m beneath the surface- indicating contamination. Water samples were collected and analyzed at the same site during the raining season and during the dry season. The value of water quality index during the raining season was 115.92 and during the dry season was 147.43. Since values at both seasons were more than 100, it implies that the water is contaminated to some extent and therefore poor for drinking purpose. The Water Quality Index was established from important analyses of biological and physico-chemical parameters with significant health importance. These values computed for dumpsite area at Ugbor were mostly contributed by the seasonal variations in the concentrations of some parameters, such as, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardness, alkalinity, chlorides, nitrates, calcium,  phosphates, zinc, which showed significant differences (P<0.01 and P<0.05) in seasonal variation.

PEMETAAN STATUS KUALITAS SUMBERDAYA AIR PERMUKAAN DI KOTA BOGOR DAN UPAYA PENGELOLAANNYA MENUJU KOTA SENSITIF AIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ramdhan ◽  
Suria Darma Tarigan ◽  
Yuli Suharnoto ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Total Dissolve Solid ◽  
Total Coliform

erkembangan Kota Bogor tidak bisa dilepaskan dari keberadaan dua sungai utama yang melewatinya, yaitu Sungai Ciliwung dan Sungai Cisadane. Aktivitas penduduk di sekitar Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Sungai Ciliwung dan Sungai Cisadane sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas air sungai, karena sebagian dari limbah buangan hasil aktivitas tersebut langsung dibuang disungai. Analisa ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung dan Sungai Cisadane Kota Bogor pada tahun 2017. Data yang digunakan dari pengambilan sampel air di lapangan pada bulan Agustus di 10 titik pengamatan. Selanjutnya hasil dianalisa menggunakan Metode Water Quality Index (WQI). Parameter yang digunakan meliputi Temperatur, Total Dissolve Solid, Turbiditas, pH, DO, Nitrit, Amonia, Fosfat, Minyak dan Lemak serta Total Coliform. Parameter tersebut dianalisa secara insitu menggunakan alat portable Water Quality Checker juga melalui analisis laboratorium. dan hasilnya bahwa kualitas air yang masuk ke Kota Bogor mengalami penurunan setelah melewati area Kota Bogor.

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