scholarly journals A risk assessment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in swimming pools: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Rice ◽  
Ben van den Akker ◽  
Francesco Pomati ◽  
David Roser
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Significant Public Health

Despite routine monitoring and disinfection, treated swimming pools are frequently contaminated with the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can represent a significant public health threat. This review was undertaken to identify the current understanding of risk factors associated with pool operation with respect to P. aeruginosa. The ecology and factors that promote growth of P. aeruginosa in the pool environment are complex and dynamic and so we applied a systematic risk assessment approach to integrate existing data, with the aim to improve pool management and safety. Sources of P. aeruginosa, types of infections, dose responses, routes of transmission, as well as the efficacy of current disinfectant treatments were reviewed. This review also highlights the critical knowledge gaps that are required for a more robust, quantitative risk assessment of P. aeruginosa. Quantitative risk management strategies have been successfully applied to drinking water systems and should similarly be amenable to developing a better understanding of the risk posed by P. aeruginosa in swimming pools.

Persistence and Potential Lethality in Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluating the Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Dual Risk Assessment Protocol

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122098834
Author(s):  
Kirk R. Williams ◽  
Richard Stansfield ◽  
Jacquelyn Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Domestic Violence Screening

This study seeks to determine the concurrent and predictive validity of a dual risk assessment protocol. It combines the risk of persistence in intimate partner violence (IPV) measured via the Domestic Violence Screening Instrument–Revised (DVSI-R) with supplemental items from the Danger Risk Assessment (DRA) bearing on the risk of potential lethality. We further test whether this assessment protocol reproduces disparities by race and ethnicity found in the larger population. Using a sample of 4,665 IPV male defendants with a female victim, analyses support both types of criterion validity. The DRA risk score is associated with felony charges, incarceration at the initial arrest, and the frequency of subsequent dangerous behavior. Results also suggest minimal predictive bias or disparate impact by race and ethnicity. Incorporating supplemental items bearing on potential lethality risk adds important information concerning the risk management strategies of those involved in IPV.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Additional Works in Railway Construction Investments Using the Bayes Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Leśniak ◽  
Filip Janowiec
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Bayes Network ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Significant Extension ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Mitigation Methods

The implementation of railway infrastructure construction projects including sustainable development goals is a complex process characterized by a significant extension of individual investment stages. The need for additional works has a big impact on construction railway projects, representing a risk which is the result of many different factors. During the execution of works, both the design assumptions and the conditions of the project’s implementation can be changed. An attempt to eliminate potential risks is a key element of construction projects. The article proposes a proprietary management method for the risk of additional works in railway projects. A methodology for creating risk management strategies using a standard algorithm that includes risk identification, risk analysis, and risk assessment is presented. The original elements of the work include risk identification followed by analysis using Bayesian networks. Using the example of a scenario of events, it is shown that a well-programmed network can be used to implement risk mitigation methods. Using the network, it is possible to compare different ways to reduce risk, check the effect of reducing the risk factors, and determine a satisfactory level of effects, e.g., increased financial resources as a result of additional works.

scholarly journals Domain-specific risk assessment using integrated simulation: A case study of an onshore wind project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Mohamed ◽  
Nima Gerami Seresht ◽  
Stephen Hague ◽  
Adam Chehouri ◽  
Simaan M. AbouRizk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Risk Assessment Models ◽  
First Case ◽  
Assessment Approach

Although many quantitative risk assessment models have been proposed in literature, their use in construction practice remain limited due to a lack of domain-specific models, tools, and application examples. This is especially true in wind farm construction, where the state-of-the-art integrated Monte Carlo simulation and critical path method (MCS-CPM) risk assessment approach has yet to be demonstrated. The present case study is the first reported application of the MCS-CPM method for risk assessment in wind farm construction and is the first case study to consider correlations between cost and schedule impacts of risk factors using copulas. MCS-CPM provided reasonable risk assessment results for a wind farm project, and its use in practice is recommended. Aimed at facilitating the practical application of quantitative risk assessment methods, this case study provides a much-needed analytical generalization of MCS-CPM, offering application examples, discussion of expected results, and recommendations to wind farm construction practitioners.

scholarly journals Optimizing Risk Management Strategies for the Control of Philornis downsi—A Threat to Birds in the Galápagos Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Bueno ◽  
Randall S. Singer ◽  
Charles Yoe ◽  
Rees Parrish ◽  
Dominic A. Travis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Philornis Downsi ◽  
Mode Of Application ◽  
Risk Management Strategies

One of the most concerning threats to Galápagos bird populations, including some critically endangered species, is the invasive parasitic fly Philornis downsi. While long-term sustained solutions are under study, immediate actions are needed to reduce the impacts of this fly. Application of permethrin to birds's nests has been successfully done, but there might be potential long-term reproductive effects to birds. Cyromazine, an insect growth regulator, has been proposed as an alternative, but its risks and effectiveness are unknown. The goal of this study was to assist managers to determine which combination of chemical (permethrin or cyromazine) and mode of application (injection, spray, and self-fumigation) was likely to be most effective to control P. downsi while minimizing toxicity to small land birds in Galápagos, given data available and high levels of uncertainty in some cases. This study is presented as a semi-quantitative risk assessment employing the use of a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model. For the six potential alternatives resulting from the combination of chemical and mode of application, the criteria were given a score from 1 to 6 supported by available evidence from the literature and from expert opinion. In addition, three different scenarios with different sets of weights for each criterion were assessed with stakeholder's input. Considering the scenario with higher weight to effectiveness of the method against P. downsi while also weighing heavily to minimize the toxicity to birds, cyromazine spray followed by permethrin injection were the preferred strategies. Self-fumigation was the mode of application with highest uncertainty but with much potential to be further explored for its feasibility. The approach taken here to evaluate mitigation strategies against an important threat for avian species in Galápagos can also be used in other conservation programs when making real time decisions under uncertainty.

scholarly journals Preventing laboratory-associated infections in the COVID-19 era: experience from a tertiary care infectious disease hospital in Southern Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Dinh Nguyen Huy ◽  
Ngoc Nghiem My ◽  
Hoang Dang Minh ◽  
Trang Nguyen Hoa ◽  
Thao Duong Thi Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Abstract Background: Laboratory staff is at higher risk of infection owing to the handling and testing of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient samples. Reviewing the existing risk assessment and improving risk management are essential for preventing laboratory acquired infections (LAIs) related to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing during the COVID-19 epidemic. We present herein the steps taken to prevent LAIs related to SARS-CoV-2 testing in a tertiary care hospital in Vietnam. Methods: A SARS-CoV-2-focused risk assessment exercise was conducted for laboratory processes and workflow. Risk management strategies, including engineering, administrative and operations control procedures, were established. Standard operating procedure (SOP), staff training, COVID-19 symptom reporting, enhanced cleaning and decontamination, and inventory monitoring protocols were implemented. Sample reception and results reported from February 1, 2020 to September 17, 2020 were documented. Results: Based on risk assessment, a risk management strategy for SARS-CoV-2 testing was developed. This strategy includes the use of dedicated facility, instrument, and cold chain units for testing; SOPs; training (testing, decontamination and cleaning staff); the introduction of biosafety level (BSL)2+ laboratory practices; enhanced cleaning protocols for testing; and the assigning of additional staff for testing and safety system implementation. In total, 38,377 (daily mean and range: 166; 3 – 2,377) samples were received, including 301 (0.8%) samples that were rejected. The turnaround time (median ± standard deviation (SD)) was 3.54 ± 2.97 days. Altogether, 32 staff members were involved with SARS-CoV-2 testing and biosafety management, and there were no reports of COVID-19 symptoms among them. Conclusion: For epidemics and outbreak diagnostics, risk assessment and risk management strategies are important for the prevention of LAIs. Clear instruction on revised risk management protocols, necessary training, and leadership in risk management strategy implementation are essential.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment for Engagement in Sharing Economy of Manufacturing Enterprises: A Matter–Element Extension Based Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Xiao ◽  
Shanshan Wan ◽  
Fucai Lu ◽  
Shun Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
The Government

At present, manufacturing enterprises in China and across the world are undergoing a critical period of transformation and upgrading for sustainable development, with various obstacles such as financing difficulties and imperfect production facilities. The emergence of the sharing economy may provide a feasible solution for manufacturing enterprises, but meanwhile, unpredictable risks are bound to arise in the process of Engagement in the Sharing Economy of Manufacturing Enterprises (ESEME), and the assessment for the risk of ESEME is an important issue that requires special attention. Based on the characteristics of ESEME, a risk assessment indicator system is constructed, and a matter–element extension based approach is proposed to assess the risk of ESEME. The comprehensive risk value of ESEME can be calculated, and by means of sensitivity analysis and combinatory analysis, sensitive risk indicators and the risk type of indicators are identified. The innovation is embodied in three aspects: the sharing economy is studied by the matter–element extension method, the minimum deviation weight is adopted, and the risk is identified by sensitivity analysis and combinatory analysis. This assessment method is applied to enterprise E, and good results are obtained. This work is conducive to promoting manufacturing enterprises to engage in the sharing economy, which provides an effective vision for enterprises to implement risk management strategies, and also offers references for the government to formulate relevant policies for ESEME.

Semi-Quantitative Risk Assessment Matrix for Rotating Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 647-651
Author(s):  
Mohd Amin bin Abd Majid ◽  
Rano Khan Wassan ◽  
Ainul Akmar Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Rotating Equipment ◽  
Blade Failure

In petrochemical, power generation, oil and gas industries and in variety of other sectors rotating equipments are in use to fulfill production requirements. Failure of rotating equipment, especially in such industries can result to risk related issues. A well implemented rotating equipment risk assessment strategy is most needed to achieve desired plant availability and efficiency. In this research semi-quantitative risk assessment approach is proposed to evaluate the risk of rotating equipment and categorize their associated failure risks. Borda ranking is adopted to evaluate the risk in order to minimize risk ties which exist in risk matrix. Compressor is taken as case study to show the applicability of the proposed method for rotating equipment. It was observed that risks of selected failure modes of gas turbine compressor fall in the categories of serious and medium levels based on risk matrix. Rotor bend distortion, blade failure or inlet guide vane failures needed more attention for treatment based on Borda ranking.

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