scholarly journals Combining modeling and monitoring to study fecal contamination in a small rural catchment

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Bougeard ◽  
Jean-Claude Le Saux ◽  
Anna Teillon ◽  
Jérôme Belloir ◽  
Cécile Le Mennec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Septic Systems ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Hourly Concentration ◽  
Water Assessment

The present study sought to identify Escherichia coli sources in a small catchment and to use the agro-hydrological model soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to estimate their impact on river water quality. The innovative aspects of this research are to assess the hourly variations of fecal contamination and to take these variations into account in the model to provide a better evaluation of river quality. Thus, water samples were taken weekly at the river outlet (n = 4) and 24-h monitoring sessions were performed during low and high-flow periods (n = 74). E. coli variations were found to be primarily linked to rainfall and not to resuspension mechanisms. Subdaily fluctuations and deviations were ±0.33 log10 cfu/100 mL and ±0.70 log10 cfu/100 mL for dry (<3 mm/day) and wet (>3 mm/day) weather, respectively. After river flow calibration, all known pollution sources (septic systems, manure spreading, farm discharges) were introduced into SWAT. The model reproduced the fecal contamination in the river and the use of subdaily deviations allowed us to evaluate the simulation quality and compare grab samplings with simulated daily E. coli concentration, thus confirming that the performance of the model is better when additional information on hourly concentration variations is used.

scholarly journals Hydrologic evaluation and effects of climate change on the Nong Han Lake Basin, northeastern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-1000
Author(s):  
Jirawat Supakosol ◽  
Kowit Boonrawd
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Regional Climates ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Effective Water ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the future runoff into the Nong Han Lake under the effects of climate change. The hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been selected for this study. The calibration and validation were performed by comparing the simulated and observed runoff from gauging station KH90 for the period 2001–2003 and 2004–2005, respectively. Future climate projections were generated by Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) under the A2 and B2 scenarios. The SWAT model yielded good results in comparison to the baseline; moreover, the results of the PRECIS model showed that both precipitations and temperatures increased. Consequently, the amount of runoff calculated by SWAT under the A2 and B2 scenarios was higher than that for the baseline. In addition, the amount of runoff calculated considering the A2 scenario was higher than that considering the B2 scenario, due to higher average annual precipitations in the former case. The methodology and results of this study constitute key information for stakeholders, especially for the development of effective water management systems in the lake, such as designing a rule curve to cope with any future incidents.

scholarly journals Analisis Laju Sedimen DAS Serayu Hulu dengan Menggunakan Model SWAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nugroho Christanto ◽  
Muhammad Anggri Setiawan ◽  
Afid Nurkholis ◽  
Saidah Istiqomah ◽  
Junun Sartohadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Wilayah DAS Serayu Hulu merupakan DAS prioritas yang memerlukan langkah pengelolaan yang komprehensif. Aplikasi model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) dapat digunakan sebagai media untuk  perencanaan konservasi ataupun evaluasi respon DAS (debit aliran permukaan, sedimen dan pencemaran sungai). Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah menjalankan model SWAT di DAS Serayu Hulu untuk mengetahui laju sedimen di wilayah ini. Pemodelan SWAT membutuhkan sejumlah input parameter berupa relief, tanah, tutupan lahan dan pengelolaan lahan. Pedogeomorfologi digunakan sebagai batas satuan tanah karena tidak tersedianya peta tanah di wilayah penelitian. Hasil Penerapan model SWAT di DAS Serayu Hulu menghasilkan nilai yang cukup memuaskan, hal ini ditunjukkan nilai R2 mencapai 0,94. Hasil pemodelan SWAT dengan menggunakan data selama 10 tahun (2004-2013) menunjukkan bahwa DAS Serayu Hulu memiliki rerata hasil sedimen sebesar 1.926.900 ton/tahun. Sub DAS 8,9 11, 17, 18, dan 19 merupakan penghasil sedimen tertinggi di DAS Serayu Hulu dengan hasil sedimen 43.931– 121.434 ton/ha/tahun.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) for simulating E. coli concentrations at the watershed-scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 140669
Author(s):  
Robert A. Sowah ◽  
Kenneth Bradshaw ◽  
Blake Snyder ◽  
David Spidle ◽  
Marirosa Molina
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

scholarly journals Karakteristik Hidrologi dan Pengelolaannya dengan Model Hidrologi Soil and Water Assessment Tool Sub DAS Cisadane Hulu

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
Widya Ulfah Utami ◽  
Enni Dwi Wahjunie ◽  
Suria Darma Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

One of the priority watersheds to be managed in Indonesia is the Cisadane watershed due to the high degradation problems. The Cisadene watershed degradation could be indicated by a high river flow during rainy season, low baseflow in dry season, and high erosion and sedimentation. One of the main problems in the Cisadane watershed is a huge landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed that causes a decrease in water absorption region and a surface runoff. The study aimed to analyze landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu Watershed during 2013-2018 and analyze the watershed conditions based on their hydrological characteristics. Analysis of landcover changes patterns was carried out by processing spatial data using GIS software. Analysis for hydrological characteristics was conducted by using SWAT modelling (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The results showed that there were land cover changes during 2013-2018. The most significant landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed was residential area (455.95 ha). The result simulation scenario of the model SWAT showed scenario 2 was the best scenario for the management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed. The application of Soil and Water Conservation can decrease surface runoff by 32.1% and increase lateral flow by 8.89%. Therefore, it is expected that the results of this SWAT model simulation will be taken into consideration by the local government for the optimal management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed.   Keywords: Cisadane watershed, land cover change, SWAT modelling

scholarly journals Prediction of erosion and sedimentation rates using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) method in the Jenelata Sub Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012097
Author(s):  
Wahyuni ◽  
Andang Suryana Soma ◽  
Usman Arsyad ◽  
Riska Sariyani ◽  
Baharuddin Mappangaja
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Hydrologic Response ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Hydrologic Response Unit ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract Erosion and sedimentation are problems that often occur in watershed ecosystems. The SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) can be used to determine the output of a watershed’s performance. Jenelata sub-watershed area is one of the largest sub-watersheds of the Jeneberang watershed with 22.800 ha. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of the hydrologic response unit (HRU) and analyze the rate of erosion and sedimentation in the Jenelata sub-watershed. The results showed that most HRUs are in secondary dryland forests with 447 HRU (19.09%). The level of erosion in the very light category, namely 5.74 ton/ha/year (37.53%) and light 34.71 ton/ha/year (27.76%), was in the villages of Moncongloe, Tana Karaeng, Sicini, Paladindang, Towata, Parang Lampoa, Manuju, and Buakkang. Meanwhile, moderate erosion was 104.07 ton/ha/year (23.92%), high 289.65 ton/ha/year (9.59%), and very high 553.74 ton/ha/year (1.20%) located in the villages of Pattallikang, Mangempang, Bontomanai, Bissoloro, Rannaloe, Jenebatu, and Sapaya. The largest sedimentation is 133.18 ton/ha/year in sub-watershed17, located in Bissoloro and Rannaloe villages.

scholarly journals Analisa Debit Andalan Pada Das Batang Arau Dengan Menggunakan Model Soil And Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Maryam Afifa ◽  
Afla Dina ◽  
Elvi Roza Syofyan ◽  
Wisafri -
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Upstream Part ◽  
Hydrologic Response Unit ◽  
Water Catchment ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Batang Arau is one of the rivers that flows in the city of Padang, the upstream part of the Batang Arau watershed starting from the Lubuk Paraku river which is in the northeast of Padang City, with a water catchment area of 2,504 hectares which is Dr. Muhammad Hatta, Nature Reserve Area Barisan I and Arau downstream. The Batang Arau watershed has decreased its primary forest area due to the large number of additional settlements. The increase in residential area resulted in the land that was previously not waterproof. The mainstay discharge always increases in the rainy season and decreases in the dry season. The mainstay discharge in the Batang Arau watershed is calculated using the Fj Mock method. The Batang Arau watershed also knows the mainstay discharge that occurred in 2010, 2012 and 2018 using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The analysis was obtained from four processes, namely delineation of the watershed, the formation of the Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU), the formation of climatological data, and the simulation process. For the HRU analysis of the Batang Arau watershed, it was obtained 7 sub-watersheds, the dominant HRU, namely primary dryland forest, was 74.68%.

scholarly journals Improving the integrated hydrological simulation on a data-scarce catchment with multi-objective calibration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianwen He ◽  
Frank Molkenthin
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Output Time ◽  
Nondominated Sorting ◽  
Water Assessment

Abstract The process-based hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool ensures the simulation's reliability by calibration. Compared to the commonly applied single-objective calibration, multi-objective calibration benefits the spatial parameterization and the simulation of specific processes. However, the requirements of additional observations and the practical procedure are among the reasons to prevent the wider application of the multi-objective calibration. This study proposes to consider three groups of objectives for the calibration: multisite, multi-objective function, and multi-metric. For the study catchment with limited observations like the Yuan River Catchment (YRC) in China, the three groups corresponded to discharge from three hydrometric stations, both Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and inversed NSE for discharge evaluation, and MODIS global terrestrial evapotranspiration product and baseflow filtered from discharge as metrics, respectively. The applicability of two multi-objective calibration approaches, the Euclidean distance and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II, was analyzed to calibrate the above-mentioned objectives for the YRC. Results show that multi-objective calibration has simultaneously ensured the model's better performance in terms of the spatial parameterization, the magnitude of the output time series, and the water balance components, and it also reduces the parameter and prediction uncertainty. The study thus leads to a generalized, recommended procedure for catchments with data scarcity to perform the multi-objective calibration.

scholarly journals Analisa Pengaruh Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan terhadap DAS Batang Kuranji dengan Menggunakan Model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Annisa Fitriana Definnas ◽  
Rozy Fairuzza Reyandal ◽  
Elvi Roza Syofyan ◽  
Wisafri -
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
Main Discharge ◽  
Hydrologic Response Unit ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Batang Kuranji is one of six rivers that flow in the city of Padang, and is the main source of water for residents of Padang City to meet the raw water which is then processed into clean water and the needs of Mt. Nago irrigation water. The increase in population causes the population to move to a higher area (green zone). Batang Kuranji watershed has experienced a reduction in the area of forest land due to changes in land use activities by the population movement. As a result, land that was not watertight at first became watertight, the mainstay discharge or expected discharge is always available, always increasing during the rainy season and decreasing during the dry season. This study was conducted to determine the extent of land use change in the Batang Kuranji watershed, also to determine the main discharge that occurred in 2009, 2011, and 2017 using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The analysis consists of four processes, namely watershed delineation, formation of a Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU), formation of climatological data, and finally the simulation process. HRU analysis results obtained by Batang Kuranji watershed into 9 sub-watersheds, the dominant HRU is protection forest by 62%, soil type with depth (solum) level A and B, runoff coefficient of 0.3 and NS value obtained by 0.6. This shows that the SWAT model can predict the hydrological process in the upstream Batang Kuranji watershed. The most influential land use on surface runoff is land use for settlement.

AN EVALUATION OF BLUE WATER PREDICTION IN SOUTHERN PART OF IRAN USING THE SOIL AND WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL (SWAT)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Salarpour ◽  
Milad Jajarmizadeh ◽  
Sobri Harun ◽  
Rozi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Applying the Soil Water Assessment Tool to 5th Canadian Division Support Base Gagetown

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-385
Author(s):  
Shawn Burdett ◽  
Michael Hulley ◽  
Andy Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Soil Water Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Assessment

A hydrologic and water quality model is sought to establish an approach to land management decisions for a Canadian Army training base. Training areas are subjected to high levels of persistent activity creating unique land cover and land-use disturbances. Deforestation, complex road networks, off-road manoeuvres, and vehicle stream crossings are among major anthropogenic activities observed to affect these landscapes. Expanding, preserving and improving the quality of these areas to host training activities for future generations is critical to maintain operational effectiveness. Inclusive to this objective is minimizing resultant environmental degradation, principally in the form of hydrologic fluctuations, excess erosion, and sedimentation of aquatic environments. Application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was assessed for its ability to simulate hydrologic and water quality conditions observed in military landscapes at 5th Canadian Division Support Base (5 CDSB) Gagetown, New Brunswick. Despite some limitations, this model adequately simulated three partial years of daily watershed outflow (NSE = 0.47–0.79, R2 = 0.50–0.88) and adequately predicted suspended sediment yields during the observation periods (%d = 6–47%) for one highly disturbed sub-watershed in Gagetown. Further development of this model may help guide decisions to develop or decommission training areas, guide land management practices and prioritize select landscape mitigation efforts.

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