scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, practices and implications of safe water management and good hygiene in rural Bangladesh: assessing the impact and scope of the BRAC WASH programme

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Fisher ◽  
Babar Kabir ◽  
Edward Lahiff ◽  
Malcolm MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Control Village ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Financial Expenditure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Hygiene

A substantial component of BRAC’s WASH programme involves educating rural Bangladeshis about safe water management, good hygiene and the causes of diarrhoea. By conducting questionnaires and focus group discussions in two BRAC WASH villages and one control village, this investigation sought to assess the impact of BRAC’s programme on knowledge, practices and diarrhoeal burden, to explore the extent to which knowledge determines practices, and to evaluate which factors were most predictive of diarrhoeal incidence. It was found that the programme had a beneficial effect on the subjects’ knowledge and practices, and on the diarrhoeal incidence among their children. Furthermore, except for where personal financial expenditure was required, practices tended to follow on from knowledge. However, BRAC’s intervention affected neither the frequency of soap use in handwashing by the mother, nor the child’s consumption of unclean water outside of the home. These factors, along with the child’s consumption of unclean water inside the home, were shown to be those most predictive of diarrhoeal incidence among the under-fives. It is recommended that BRAC continues to emphasize the importance of these points, while also potentially promoting the use of less costly alternatives to soap and cheaper point-of-use treatment materials, to induce positive behaviour change.

scholarly journals Exploration of undergraduate preservice teachers' experiences learning advocacy: A mixed-methods study

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Erin Carpenter Massengale ◽  
Cherese Childers-McKee ◽  
Aerin Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Letter Writing ◽  
College Instruction ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Meaningful Activity ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Applying transformational critical advocacy research in college instruction can be a powerful way to engage students in challenging inequity in society and promoting positive changes. Few studies systematically measure the impact of such pedagogy on the development of college students’ beliefs about advocacy. In this mixed methods study, we worked with 21 preservice teachers through advocacy letter writing activities and collected data from pre/post surveys and focus group discussions to explore the impact of such pedagogy. The findings indicated that advocacy letter writing was a meaningful activity for preservice teachers, allowing them a professional opportunity to voice their concerns about personally meaningful issues to entities in power. A significant correlation was found between baseline advocacy experiences and baseline advocacy beliefs, suggesting that the teaching of advocacy, when combined with opportunities for meaningful practice, can contribute to shifts in belief about the importance of advocating. 

scholarly journals Endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people at Platfontein

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Gebregeorgis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

The objective of this study was to explore the endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms and practices of the San people at Platfontein, South Africa. To this end, data were collected from 304 interviews and 26 focus group discussions. The collected data were analysed through Inductive Thematic Analysis. The findings show that the San people have endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms which basically aim at restoring peace and harmony within the community. The endogenous mechanisms were found to be fairly participatory and supplementary to the state machineries that work for justice, peace and harmony. However, the conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people are currently weakening due to the impact of modernisation and the leadership dispute among the sub-groups of the community.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Group-Based Resilience Intervention for Typhoon Haiyan Survivors

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Regina M. Hechanova ◽  
Lynn C. Waelde ◽  
Pia Anna P. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Coping Skills ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Resilience Intervention ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the impact of Katatagan, a culturally adapted, group-based, and mindfulness-informed resilience intervention developed for disaster survivors in the Philippines. The intervention aimed to teach six adaptive coping skills: harnessing strengths, managing physical reactions, managing thoughts and emotions, seeking solutions and support, identifying positive activities, and planning for the future. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted with 163 Typhoon Haiyan survivors. Six-month follow-up assessments were obtained for 37 participants. Pre- and post-results showed improvements in participants’ self-efficacy on all six coping skills. The 6-month follow-up revealed significant improvements in four of the six coping skills. Focus group discussions conducted at follow-up revealed that mindfulness, self-care, strengths, and reframing were some of the topics that were most memorable to participants. Among these, participants identified mindfulness as a skill that they continued to use. Participants also shared that they felt stronger because of the intervention and have shared what they learned with others in their communities.

scholarly journals Diarrhoea prevention in a high-risk rural Kenyan population through point-of-use chlorination, safe water storage, sanitation, and rainwater harvesting

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. GARRETT ◽  
P. OGUTU ◽  
P. MABONGA ◽  
S. OMBEKI ◽  
A. MWAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Diarrhoea Prevention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Combined Interventions

SUMMARYLack of access to safe water and sanitation contributes to diarrhoea moribidity and mortality in developing countries. We evaluated the impact of household water treatment, latrines, shallow wells, and rainwater harvesting on diarrhoea incidence in rural Kenyan children. We compared diarrhoea rates in 960 children aged <5 years in 556 households in 12 randomly selected intervention villages and six randomly selected comparison villages during weekly home visits over an 8-week period. On multivariate analysis, chlorinating stored water [relative risk (RR) 0·44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·28–0·69], latrine presence (RR 0·71, 95% CI 0·54–0·92), rainwater use (RR 0·70, 95% CI 0·52–0·95), and living in an intervention village (RR 0·31, 95% CI 0·23–0·41), were independently associated with lower diarrhoea risk. Diarrhoea risk was higher among shallow well users (RR 1·78, 95% CI 1·12–2·83). Chlorinating stored water, latrines, and rainwater use all decreased diarrhoea risk; combined interventions may have increased health impact.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the education of pre-employment paramedic students during the clinical practicum

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise McCall ◽  
Natalie Wray ◽  
Bill Lord
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Student Perception ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Clinical Placement ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Clinical Practicum ◽  
The Impact

Introduction To identify factors that affect the education of pre-employment paramedic students during the clinical practicum. Methods A purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit undergraduate students from the Bachelor of Emergency Health (Paramedic) (BEHP) who had recently completed their first or final clinical placement. Qualitative data was collected via a total of 3 focus group discussions; two focus group discussions were conducted with students on completion of their final placement, and one focus group discussion was conducted with students who had recently completed their first placement. Participants were asked to share their career and placement expectations, placement experiences, career path intentions, and the impact of placements on their career decisions. Results This paper reports on student perception of education in the clinical environment and their impression of the strengths and weaknesses of this model. We identified four major themes: (1) communication, (2) appropriate placements, (3) capacity building and, (4) adequate preparation for students. Conclusion The University, ambulance service and students need to form a relationship to foster the quality of clinical education. Each party needs to adequately communicate and prepare for quality learning to occur in placements. Good mechanisms for the identification of problems early, particularly in relation to student support and case load are necessary. Ongoing evaluation of the quality of clinical placement education is required and should include all parties who are also committed to continuous improvement.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS AND LEARNERS ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN ON RURAL SECONDARY SCHOOL FEMALE LEARNERS IN MATOBO DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lwazi Sibanda ◽  
Joyce Mathwasa
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Online Learning Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perceptions Of Teachers

The purpose of the study was to examine the perceptions of teachers and learners on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on rural secondary school female learners in Matobo District. The study was qualitative in nature, entrenched on interpretivist paradigm and adopted a case study design. Data was collected using open-ended questionnaire and online focus group discussions from six teachers and eighteen learners who formed three focus group discussions. The participants were purposively sampled from three schools. The study found that a few teachers were able to conduct online lessons using WhatsApp platform during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in the selected schools though there was no consistence as teaching was not programmed and participation of female learners was low. The findings revealed that most of the parents could not afford to provide online learning resources for their children because of economic hardships. The study further established that rural female learners were at risk during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown as some of them were exposed to sexual abuse when they try to have access to smartphones and data bundles from some male adults. It was found that female learners have lost much of their learning time whilst on lockdown and many cases of pregnancy have emerged leading to dropping out of school. The study concluded that most of the rural secondary school female learners were excluded from education during lockdown due to poverty, unavailability of network or poor network coverage, lack of broadcast transmission services to enable them to access online lessons through the radio, lack of electricity, poor attendance due to lack of smartphones and data bundles, performance of all household chores including herding of cattle and lack of cooperation from some parents. The study recommended that the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should collaborate with stakeholders to provide necessary resources to enable all learners to access online learning despite geographical location. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0721/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Inspiring Poor Women to Empower Themselves

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Keitseope Nthomang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

Empirical studies on the impact of micro level intervention strategies on poverty among poor women in Botswana are lacking, yet women are a valuable asset for the economy of the country. Continued marginalization and disempowerment of women has become a serious problem which merit urgent attention. This article investigates the potential of the Grow Model in transforming the lives of 14 women who belong to the Kgopolano GROW Group in Molepolole, Botswana. Data was collected in May 2014 using primarily in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The analysis utilized both content and thematic approaches. The results showed how the Grow Model has inspired women to empower themselves and self-transform into productive and prosperous lives. The results affirm the strength of the GROW model in promoting empowerment for social change in marginalized contexts. Key policy recommendations recognizes the limitations of the GROW model and build on its strengths.

scholarly journals Forced and Child Marriage at the Intersection of Health, Gender and Human Rights: Understanding the Determinants in Morocco and the Impact of the Migratory Context in Belgium

Afrika Focus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Alexia Sabbe
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
International Migrants ◽  
The Impact

With over 650 million women alive today already suffering the consequences of child marriage, the practice of forced and child marriage disproportionally affects girls and women. Given its impact on physical and psychological wellbeing, it is a serious form of violence against women. In view of the global magnitude of forced and child marriage, and the increasing numbers of international migrants, the general objective of this research is to ascertain the determinants of forced and child marriage in Morocco and the impact of the migratory context on the issue among Moroccan migrants in Belgium. Our research analysed forced and child marriage in both settings from two angles. First, we studied policies and the socio-cultural context in a top-down perspective through the analysis of legislation, public debates and through expert/stakeholder interviews. Secondly, we investigated the determinants of forced and child marriage in both research settings from a bottom-up perspective through Focus Group Discussions and household interviews, as well as investigating the impact of legislative conditions and restrictions on migrants and their families.

Housing Design and Persons with Visual Impairment: Report of Focus-Group Discussions

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Long
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Impact

This article describes the impact of positive and negative housing-design features on the everyday functioning of persons who are blind and visually impaired in their homes based on information obtained in focus-group discussions with consumers, parents, and professionals.

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