scholarly journals Mycobacterium avium in a shower linked to pulmonary disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Falkinham ◽  
Michael D. Iseman ◽  
Petra de Haas ◽  
Dick van Soolingen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Clonal Relationship ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Sediment Biofilm

Mycobacterium avium was isolated from hot and cold water samples and from sediment (biofilm) collected from the showerhead in the home of a woman with M. avium pulmonary disease lacking known M. avium risk factors. IS1245/IS1311 DNA fingerprinting demonstrated that M. avium isolates from the hot and cold water and showerhead sediment demonstrated a clonal relationship with the patient's M. avium isolate. The data provide evidence that showers may serve as sources of infection by waterborne M. avium.

Sources of Infection Among Persons With Acute Hepatitis A and No Identified Risk Factors During a Sustained Community-Wide Outbreak

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. e54-e54 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Staes ◽  
T. L. Schlenker ◽  
I. Risk ◽  
K. G. Cannon ◽  
H. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A ◽  
Sources Of Infection

scholarly journals First line treatment selection modifies disease course and long-term clinical outcomes in Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoharu Fukushima ◽  
Seigo Kitada ◽  
Sho Komukai ◽  
Tomoki Kuge ◽  
Takanori Matsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Standard Regimen ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
First Line Treatment

AbstractThe combination of rifamycin (RFP), ethambutol (EB), and macrolides is currently the standard regimen for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD). However, poor adherence to the standardized regimens recommended by current guidelines have been reported. We undertook a single-centred retrospective cohort study to evaluate the long-term outcomes in 295 patients with MAC-PD following first line treatment with standard (RFP, EB, clarithromycin [CAM]) or alternative (EB and CAM with or without fluoroquinolones (FQs) or RFP, CAM, and FQs) regimens. In this cohort, 80.7% were treated with standard regimens and 19.3% were treated with alternative regimens. After heterogeneity was statistically corrected using propensity scores, outcomes were superior in patients treated with standard regimens. Furthermore, alternative regimens were significantly and independently associated with sputum non-conversion, treatment failure and emergence of CAM resistance. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that older age, male, old tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, higher C-reactive protein, and cavity were positively associated with mortality, while higher body mass index and M. avium infection were negatively associated with mortality. These data suggest that, although different combination regimens are not associated with mortality, first line administration of a standard RFP + EB + macrolide regimen offers the best chance of preventing disease progression in MAC-PD patients.

Characteristics and outcomes of acute COVID-19 infection in paediatric and young adult patients with underlying cardiac disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Fisher ◽  
Sarah Badran ◽  
John T. Li ◽  
Jodie K. Votava-Smith ◽  
Patrick M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective To describe outcomes of acute coronavirus disease 2019 in paediatric and young adult patients with underlying cardiac disease and evaluate the association between cardiac risk factors and hospitalisation. Study design We conducted a retrospective single-institution review of patients with known cardiac disease and positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RT-PCR from 1 March, 2020 to 30 November, 2020. Extracardiac comorbidities and cardiac risk factors were compared between those admitted for coronavirus disease 2019 illness and the rest of the cohort using univariate analysis. Results Forty-two patients with a mean age of 7.7 ± 6.7 years were identified. Six were 18 years of age or more with the oldest being 22 years of age. Seventy-six percent were Hispanic. The most common cardiac diagnoses were repaired cyanotic (n = 7, 16.6%) and palliated single ventricle (n = 7, 16.6%) congenital heart disease. Fourteen patients (33.3%) had underlying syndromes or chromosomal anomalies, nine (21%) had chronic pulmonary disease and eight (19%) were immunosuppressed. Nineteen patients (47.6%) reported no symptoms. Sixteen (38.1%) reported only mild symptoms. Six patients (14.3%) were admitted to the hospital for acute coronavirus disease 2019 illness. Noncardiac comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation (p = 0.02), particularly chronic pulmonary disease (p = 0.01) and baseline supplemental oxygen requirement (p = 0.007). None of the single ventricle patients who tested positive required admission. Conclusions Hospitalisations for coronavirus disease 2019 were rare among children and young adults with underlying cardiac disease. Extracardiac comorbidities like pulmonary disease were associated with increased risk of hospitalisation while cardiac risk factors were not.

The Expanding Spectrum of Mycobacterium avium Complex-Associated Pulmonary Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1234-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Andrew Waller ◽  
Archana Roy ◽  
Lisa Brumble ◽  
Andras Khoor ◽  
Margaret M. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex
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