scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on fecal sludge resource recovery and reuse in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela T. Mkude ◽  
Sara Gabrielsson ◽  
Richard Kimwaga
Keyword(s):  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Fecal Sludge ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Local Acceptance ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Recovery And Reuse

Abstract Resource recovery and reuse (RRR) of fecal sludge (FS) from onsite sanitation systems describes the concept of turning human waste into valuable end products. However, studies on peoples' perceptions of FS-derived products are still limited. Guided by the knowledge, attitudes and practices framework, and data from a survey of 395 households, focus group discussions and key informant interviews, this article explores how residents in three unplanned settlements of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania view FS RRR (FS-RRR). Results indicate that residents' knowledge about FS-RRR is moderately low. Moreover, residents generally have negative attitudes toward using FS-derived products, except for those not directly consumed, such as biogas or FS-briquettes. Additionally, only a few residents have engaged in any FS-RRR practices. We conclude that to increase local acceptance of FS-RRR will require significant efforts by a multitude of actors, not least to dispel myths linked to human waste, but also to raise awareness and demonstrate the benefits and safety of FS-derived products. The Tanzanian government must take the lead in this process and should start by prioritizing the improvement of FSM to enable such a shift.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on the Risks of Food Poisoning in Collective Restaurants in the Kloto 1 Municipality, Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Banfitebiyi Gambogou ◽  
Essodolom Taale ◽  
Kefia Richala Ouro ◽  
Essi Kokutse ◽  
Ekpessi Bouka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Collective food toxiinfections (CFTI) are frequent accidents, formidable by their health and economic consequences. They usually result from the consumption of food contaminated with microorganisms or chemical toxins. The objective of our study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of food product handlers in Kloto 1 municipality in order to guarantee food safety. To do this, we carried out a survey using google form whose questions were based on knowledge of foodborne diseases, good hygiene practices, good manufacturing practices, cross-contamination, wearing jewelry during handling, waste management. As a result of the study, It shows that during the years 2018, 2019 and 2020, the frequencies of toxiinfections recorded at the PHC of Kpalimé are respectively 33.09%, 41.84%, and 25.06%. To acces risk factor about this hight case of food poissoning in this area, 197 food handlers (FH) were interviewed and of these, 54.4% were women, 51.3% are between 15 and 25 years old, 67.2% have secondary education, and 68.7% have not received training on food safety. In terms of the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices, 10.7% of FH have insufficient knowledge about food safety, 98.0% have negative attitudes and 100.0% have insufficient food safety practices. Also, it shown that there is a strong positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes (rs = 0,267; p= 0.000), between knowledge and practices (rs = 0.182; p = 0.011), between attitudes and practices (rs = 0.253; p = 0.000), and between knowledge about foodborne illness and practice (rs = 0.189; p = 0,008). In short, the majority of FH have insufficient knowledge, practice and negative attitudes to avoid cases of CFTI because of the lack of training in food safety.

scholarly journals Material Flow Analysis as a Decision Supporting Tool for Faecal Sludge Resource Recovery: Mathematical Formulation and Quantification

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Isabela T. Mkude ◽  
Tolly Mbwette ◽  
Richard J. Kimwaga ◽  
Sara Gabrielsson
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Dar Es Salaam City ◽  
Faecal Sludge

In this work, a conceptual framework for faecal sludge (FS) management and resource recovery in Dar es Salaam city was developed. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) approach was used to assess and quantify the current materials and nutrients to support on decisions for nutrient recovery and minimize environmental pollution in three unplanned settlements of Manzese, Keko and Kipawa in Dar es Salaam city. Nitrogen and Phosphorus were chosen as indicators for the evaluation of the process. The results showed that about 75% of the Dar es Salaam city population relies on pit latrines and 15% connected to septic tanks, translating to a large amount of faecal sludge being contained onsite. The situational analysis study on faecal sludge management (FSM) showed that the collection, treatment and proper disposal of FS are the major challenges that pose risks to public health. Currently, 57% of faecal sludge generated in Dar es Salaam is disposed to the environment inappropriately. Onsite Sanitation Systems in all study areas are the main polluters, discharging large quantity of nutrients to the environment. About 37.7% of faecal sludge is with large amount of nutrients emptied from onsite sanitation systems discharged to the environment and through seepage to the groundwater.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards blood-borne pathogens in healthcare workers in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Open Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavenka Jankovic ◽  
Janja Bojanic ◽  
Aleksandra Jovic-Vranes ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Janko Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Professional Exposure ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

AbstractExposure to blood borne pathogens poses a serious risk to healthcare workers (HCWs). This study was undertaken to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practices among HCWs towards blood borne pathogens. We carried out a cross sectional KAP (Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice) study, using self-administered questionnaire. The study population consisted of 127(23.6%) physicians, and 410 (76.4%) nurses and laboratory technicians. Factor analysis and conditional multiple logistic regression were used in statistical analysis. We found that the knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics of blood-borne infection, the risk of acquisition and available preventative measures among HCWs is insufficient. Doctors were more knowledgeable about the transmissibility of blood borne pathogens regarding sexual transmission after percutaneous exposure (odds ratio) OR=2.71; 95% (confidence interval) CI=1.51–4.84, OR=2.45; 95% CI=1.21–4.96), respectively. Nurses reported professional exposure to patient’s blood more often than doctors (OR=0.90; 95% CI=0.84–0.96). Negative attitudes towards HIV positive patients were also noted. Less than half of HCWs used appropriate barriers (gloves, mask, and glasses) to protect them regularly. The compulsory preventive measures implied by the results of this study are continuous education, immunization against Hepatitis B, implementing Standard Precautions, as well as the development of written guidelines on the prevention of blood-borne infections.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices on use of Fossa Alternas and double vault urine diverting dry (DVUDD) latrines in Malawi

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Save Kumwenda ◽  
Chisomo Msefula ◽  
Wilfred Kadewa ◽  
Bagrey Ngwira ◽  
Tracy Morse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Latrine Use ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Fossa Alternas and double vault urine diverting dry (DVUDD) latrines have been extensively promoted as ecological sanitation (EcoSan) latrine options in Malawi, but little is known about whether they are used properly. A qualitative study of EcoSan users was conducted in Blantyre and Chikwawa districts, Malawi. Data were collected using in-depth interviews (IDIs). Twenty-eight (28) and seventeen (17) IDIs were conducted with household heads that had Fossa Alternas and DVUDD latrines, respectively. Recorded data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Of the total 45 EcoSan users, 40 had moderate to high knowledge on EcoSan latrine use, four had low knowledge and only one had no knowledge of how EcoSan latrines operate. Blockages of urine diversion systems, intensive management and maintenance needed for the latrines were reported as some problems related to the negative attitudes about EcoSan use. Use of soil and ash, urine diverting, use of hot water and chemicals to kill maggots, urinating in the drop-hole of the DVUDDs and poor maintenance of the roof were some of the practices reported on use of these latrines. It is therefore recommended that government, through community workers, should be monitoring practices on EcoSan latrine use and provide necessary support to users.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Tuberculosis in Ngabe-Bugle Populations in Rural Panama

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cuevas ◽  
Kaosoluchi Enendu ◽  
Sophia Raefsky ◽  
Param Bhatter ◽  
Emily Frisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Tb 61 ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Panama has a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), especially in rural communities. A patient survey was administered to assess practices, knowledge and attitudes towards TB within the Ngabe-Bugle population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed at Floating Doctors clinics. Subjects with familiarity of TB were assessed through questions about transmission, cause, symptoms, and treatment. Results: Of the 106 patients who completed the TB practices survey, 68 patients (64%) knew of TB and completed the entire survey. Of the 64% who knew of TB, 61% knew medicine treated TB and over 80% could identify symptoms of TB. 40% reported they would feel ashamed of a TB diagnosis. Conclusions: Most with TB familiarity knew of TB symptoms and cause, but were less informed about mode of transmission and treatment. The majority of subjects had negative attitudes towards TB. This shows a need to expand TB education in the Ngabe-Bugle communities.

scholarly journals Paradigms about the COVID-19 pandemic: knowledge, attitudes and practices from medical students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincango-Naranjo Eddy ◽  
Solis-Pazmino Paola ◽  
Rodriguez-Villafuerte Santiago ◽  
Lincango-Naranjo Jose ◽  
Vinueza-Moreano Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

AbstractBackgroundAs the disease caused by the new coronavirus has spread globally, economic instability in healthcare systems has been significant, and the lack of knowledge, positive attitudes and appropriate practices among people has led to the magnification of this disease. This reality is especially accentuated in Ecuador where, although many healthcare workers have been called to help in the regions most affected, the shortage of them combined with cultural and macroeconomic factors have led Ecuador to face the most aggressive outbreak in Latin America. In this context, the participation on the front line of final year medical students is indispensable. For that reason, appropriate training on COVID-19 for final year medical students is an urgent need that universities and health systems must guarantee. We aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices in Ecuadorian final year medical students in order to identify the knowledge gaps, perceptions and behavior patterns which could guide the design of better medical education curricula regarding COVID-19.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional 33-item online survey conducted between April 6 to April 20 assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis toward COVID-19 in Ecuadorian final year medical students. It was sent by email and by Facebook and WhatsApp.ResultsA total of 309 students responded to the survey. 88% of students scored high (≥ 70% correct) for knowledge of the disease. The majority of students were pessimistic about possible government actions, which is reflected in the negative attitude towards the control of COVID-19 in Ecuador and volunteering during the outbreak (77%, and 58% of the students, respectively). Moreover, 91% of students said they did not have adequate protective equipment or training in their health facilities.ConclusionsThe high level of students’ knowledge, with coexisting negative attitudes, suggests Ecuador has a capable upcoming workforce that could benefit from an opportunity to strengthen, improve and advance their training in preparation for COVID-19. Creating a national curriculum may be one of the most effective ways for all students to be trained, while simultaneously focusing on the students’ most pressing concerns. Hopefully with this, negative attitudes will improve and students will be better qualified.

Public Awareness Toward Coronavirus Disease-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 354-356
Author(s):  
Izzeddin A. Bdair ◽  
Mohammad N. Alshloul ◽  
Gladys L. Maribbay
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has become a global issue of concern. Since its occurrence, about 18 million cases have been reported globally and about 280 000 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the general population toward COVID-19. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted. A questionnaire was built by the researchers that was composed of demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices sections. Results The sample was composed of 575 participants. The mean scores of knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 16.48 ± 2.90, 10.01 ± 2.18, and 8.91 ± 1.91, respectively. The Ministry of Health constitutes the main source of participants’ information. Conclusion The findings showed that participants have good knowledge, positive attitudes, and satisfactory practices toward COVID-19. Yet, areas of low knowledge and negative attitudes were noticed. However, further studies are recommended to design an effective measure to control the disease.

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