scholarly journals Ash depth filter sanitation eliminates all bacteria and makes source-separated urine waste sterile

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
Michael Witty ◽  
Sarah Copley ◽  
Nin N. Dingra ◽  
Raja Al-Bahou ◽  
Theppawut Israsena Na Ayudhya
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Living Material

Abstract Remote houses cannot use sewerage systems and so they must make their own arrangements for waste disposal. A solution is the use of ash depth filters which simultaneously trap nitrogen and phosphorus from human waste streams and all bacteria during long periods (750 ml per day for more than 6 weeks) of operation by filtration under gravity. Bacteria entering the filtration system, those trapped by the filter and the living material which eventually emerges if the system is operated till it eventually fails, are characterized. Reduction of bacterial numbers is achieved by two mechanisms: physical filtration and chemical sanitation.

scholarly journals Facile and simultaneous separation of nitrogen, phosphorus and bacteria from urine by using ash depth filters which harvest ammonium and phosphate as Struvite Enriched Ash

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Witty ◽  
Raja Al-Bahou ◽  
Sarah Copley ◽  
Nin N. Dingra ◽  
Theppawut Israsena Na Ayudhya
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Depth Filtration ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Filter Bed ◽  
Phosphorus Depletion ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Ash depth filters were developed which can simultaneously remove nitrogen, phosphorus and bacteria from human waste streams while simultaneously maintaining a flow rate which is acceptable for domestic use processing urine from one individual for 1 month if the filter bed has a volume of approximately 3 l. Nitrogen and phosphorus depletion is achieved by the formation of Struvite Enriched Ash, which can subsequently be used as a slow-release garden fertilizer. Depth filtration and sanitation by high pH removed all detectable bacteria from this home-based system.

scholarly journals Occurrence of porcine cysticercosis in free-ranging pigs delivered to slaughter points in Arapai, Soroti district, Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zirintunda ◽  
Justine Ekou
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Porcine Cysticercosis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Poverty, hunger and the need for production of pigs with meagre or zero inputs have made most farmers release their pigs to range freely, thus creating a pig-human cycle that maintains Taenia solium, the pig tapeworm and cause of porcine cysticercosis, in the ecosystem. A preliminary study was designed to establish the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis by postmortem examination of the tongue and carcass of free-range pigs from February to April 2014 in Arapai subcounty, Soroti district, eastern Uganda. The tongue of each pig was extended and examined before deep incisions were made and the cut surfaces were examined. The rest of the carcasses were examined for cysts. Out of 178 pigs examined, 32 were qualitatively positive for porcine cysticercosis, representing a prevalence of 18.0%. This high prevalence represents a marked risk to the communities in the study area of neurocysticercosis, a debilitating parasitic zoonosis. Proper human waste disposal by use of pit latrines, confinement of free-range pigs and treatment with albendazole and oxfendazole are recommended.

scholarly journals Wastewater treatment facility upgrade uses combination of technologies to solve nutrient removal challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Thor Young
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
North East ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
East River ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Facility ◽  
Filtration System

New regulations required the 7.5 ML/d North East River Advanced Wastewater Treatment Facility to upgrade to meet lower annual average effluent nitrogen and phosphorus limits. At the same time, facility planning was underway to expand the facility to 17.0 ML/d to accommodate planned growth in the service area. Following a pilot study to establish the performance capabilities of the existing process and a technology alternatives evaluation, a combination of a Carrousel® 5-stage oxidation ditches followed by a membrane filtration system was used to convert the facility to a membrane bioreactor. This combination of technologies is unique among the more than 300 facilities recently upgraded for nutrient removal in the Chesapeake Bay region. The new process went into service in late 2015 and has demonstrated the ability to meet effluent performance requirements for total nitrogen and total phosphorus.

scholarly journals Human Waste Disposal from Railroad Passenger Cars

1948 ◽  
Vol 38 (5_Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 652-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Wolman ◽  
Lloyd K. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Human Waste

A Time-Saving Filtration System For Nutrient Analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2018-2021
Author(s):  
G. T. Bowman ◽  
B. A. Schuknecht ◽  
J. E. Wilken ◽  
W. C. Sonzogni
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Dilute Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Validation Tests

Conventional membrane filtration to separate particulate material from water samples, such as in the analysis of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, is time consuming and subject to contamination. To minimize this problem, a device is presented that allows filtration of up to 80 samples per hour without introducing contamination or affecting the sample integrity. The device requires only partial dismantling and minimal cleaning with dilute hydrochloric acid between samples. Validation tests show that the device does not alter dissolved constituents in filtered samples. Unlike conventional membrane filtering apparatus, a cumbersome vacuum flask is not required. The system is compact and easily adapted to mobile and shipboard laboratories.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document