scholarly journals Effect of natural disinfectant (Moringa oleifera) and a chemical disinfectant (calcium hypochlorite) on nematode eggs: bioefficiency and impact of physico-chemical variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Arnold Landry Fotseu Kouam ◽  
Gideon Aghaindum Ajeagah
Keyword(s):  
Petri Dish ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of disinfectant on the viability of eggs from three nematode species (Ascaris, Trichuris, Ankylostoma). It was conducted in a microcosm from June 2018 to June 2019. The wastewater scan was sampled using 5 L sterile containers, the sample was arranged in four replicas, three tests and one control. The test samples received three disinfectants (Moringa, calcium hypochlorite and Moringa associated with calcium hypochlorite) at varying concentrations. The physical and chemical parameters were measured before and after the application of each disinfectant. The samples were then observed under an optical microscope. The viability of the eggs was determined by incubating the Petri dish samples at 30 °C for 30 days. The analyses show that some physicochemical parameters can significantly influence the efficacy of disinfectant on the eggs. The calcium hypochlorite associated with Moringa at 0.6 g/L showed greater efficacy on reducing viability and inactivation of eggs with 100% efficacy yield rates on Ankylostoma and Trichuris trichiuria and 97% on Ascaris lumbricoides eggs; this efficacy is significantly different from that observed on samples treated with Moringa and simple calcium hypochlorite. Of the three parasites tested, A. lumbricoides showed greater resistance to the disinfectant.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of some disinfectants on the viability of Hymenolepis nana eggs isolated from wastewater and faecal sludge in Yaounde (Cameroon): importance of some abiotic variables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotseu Kouam Arnold Landry ◽  
Ajeagah Gideon Aghaindum ◽  
Amoah Isaac Dennis ◽  
Okoa Amougou Thérèse Nadège ◽  
Tsomene Namekong Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Hymenolepis nana is responsible for many parasitic infections in tropical areas, with its persistence in aquatic environments as major contributory factor. A study aimed at demonstrating the effectiveness of some disinfectants on the viability of Hymenolepis nana eggs was conducted in microcosm. Sampling consisted of taking wastewater and sewage sludge samples in sterilized containers and then transporting to the laboratory of Hydrobiology and Environmental Sciences for the determination of Hymenolepis nana eggs using standard protocols. The experimental set-up consisted of five replicates, four tests and a control. The test samples were successively treated with four disinfectants (calcium chlorite, hydrogen peroxide, gypsum and sodium hypochlorite). The physico-chemical parameters were measured before and after disinfection. The samples were then observed under an optical microscope after concentration of the sample through sedimentation and McMaster technique. The viability of the eggs was determined using incubation and staining techniques. The analysis revealed that, the selected disinfectants significantly reduced the physico-chemical parameters with an average yield ranging from 79.24 ± 19.43% to 99.24 ± 1.47%). These physico-chemical parameters can significantly influence the treatment of Hymenolepis nana eggs either by absorbing the disinfectant or by constituting a protective barrier for the eggs, and the physico-chemical nature of the disinfectant strongly influences the formation of disinfection by-products. Calcium chlorite showed a greater effectiveness in reducing eggs viability with efficiency rates of 93.12 ± 9.12% followed by hydrogen peroxide (89.57 ± 14.55%), sodium hypochlorite (82.51 ± 14.39%) and gypsum (80.85 ± 12.88%). The results obtained with gypsum are almost similar to those obtained with other disinfectants (calcium chlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite) and clearly show that this disinfectant can be used in water treatment because, unlike other chemical disinfectants, it has no known toxic effects.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A NEW CLAY-BASED SORBENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sergey V. STEPANOV ◽  
Olga N. PANFILOVA ◽  
Kristina K. ADDUGAFFAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Aluminum Oxides ◽  
Ir Spectrometry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Finished Sample

The main physical and chemical parameters of a new sorbent developed on the basis of the minerals of the Samara region: clays, peat and dolomite are considered. The particle size of the clay after grinding at the stage of preliminary preparation was less than 1 nm, which relates them to highly dispersed materials. A chemical analysis of the composition of the components showed a high content of silicon and aluminum oxides, which possess ion exchange properties, and also made it possible to assign clays to montmorillonite rocks. The modification of the sorbent was carried out by thermal method. The density of the finished sample was 1.8 g / cm3. The method of scanning electron microscopy showed that the structure of the finished sample belongs to spongy bodies. The method of IR spectrometry confirmed the presence of functional groups in the crystal lattice of the sorbent, which cause not only the physical, but also the ion exchange and chemical nature of sorption.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Makrozoobenthos as Bio-Indicators of Water Quality of the River Kundur District Labuhanbatu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033
Author(s):  
Winarti Winarti ◽  
Arman Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Total Abundance ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Observation Station ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chemical Water

Macrozoobenthos used as a bioindicator of the waters, this happens because of the nature of the benthos which has mpergerakan low so it got a lot of influence from the environment. This study aims to determine the condition of the river Kundur with a view the community structure of macrozoobenthos which include: species composition, abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance as well as the physical and chemical parameters of water as a paremeter supporters. Based on the results of observations, macrozoobenthos were found during the study in the river Kundur consists of 3 phylum, 4 classes, 17 family with 11 species. The composition of the class of macrozoobenthos in the whole of the observation station consists of a Gastropod (37%), Insecta (23%), Malacostraca (20%), Polychaeta (10%) dan Malacostraca (20%). The value of an abundance ranged from 325,7 - 3309,6 ind/m3. With the value of the total abundance at Station I which is equal to 3690,1 ind/m3, Station II 3723,1 ind/m3, Station III 3692,3 ind/m3 can be categorized diversity are light polluted with the value of the index of uniformity (E) that describes the spread of the individual tends to be uniform or relatively the same. While the condition of the physical-chemical parameters and the substrate bottom of the river Kundur in general has a range of relatively homogeneous, spread evenly throughout the observation stations and still be able to support life macrozoobenthos. To the results of measurements of the parameters of physico-chemical water and substrate in the river kundur in general has a range of relatively homogeneous in the whole observation stations and still be able to support the life of the macrozoobenthos.

scholarly journals Development of mango flavored Soy Dahi

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Rakhi ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
SAM Hoque ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
High Price ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mango Juice ◽  
Beany Flavour ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The experiment was aimed to prepare mango flavored soy milk based dahi (whole cow milk : soy milk=1:1). To remove the beany flavour of soybean as well as to add the mango flavour, mango juice were added at the rate of 0, 5, 10 and 15%. Data on physical and chemical parameters were recorded and analyzed. It was observed that smell and taste, body and consistency, color and appearance as well as total score were significantly increased (p<0.01) when 5% mango juice added to soy milk based dahi. These properties could further be increased significantly (p<0.01) by increasing the level up to 10% but increasing the level of mango juice up to 15% were significantly decreased (p<0.01) the physical properties. After chemical analysis, a significant increasing (p<0.05) in acidity, total solids and carbohydrate content but a significantly decresing (p<0.05) in fat and ash content of dahi were observed due to the addition of mango juice. Compilation of physico-chemical properties it was observed that addition of 10% mango juice prepared a high quality low cost mango flavored soy milk based dahi. Considering the shortage along with high price of milk we could transfer the techniques to the manufacturer to produce and market the mango flavored soy milk based dahi. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15779 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 44-48

scholarly journals Some aspects of the ecology of freshwater algae in the Densu River and two tributaries in Southern Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Y Annang ◽  
RD Yirenya-Tawiah ◽  
GC Clerk ◽  
Thomas Smith
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Freshwater Algae ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Southern Ghana

Studies on the composition and abundance of the phytoplankton in River Densu and two of its tributaries, Rivers Adeiso and Nsakir were carried out at ten sampling sites, including seven from different regions of the river basin namely Afuaman, Akwadum, Densuso, Manhean, Machigeni, Nsawam and Weija, as well as Adeisoand Pokuase. Sampling was done monthly at each sampling site from January to December, 2006. Physical and chemical parameters of river water were studied. The parameters of the river water varied with the sampling sites and the time of the year. Water samples for phytoplankton identification and enumeration were collected at each sampling site. Physico-chemical conditions of the river were assessed during sample collection or in the laboratory. Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between algal genera and the measured physical and chemical parameters of the river water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10637 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 246-257

INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION OF TABLE WINE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.А. ДРОЗДОВА ◽  
А.П. БИРЮКОВ ◽  
Н.Ю. КАЧАЕВА ◽  
Р.А. ДРОЗДОВ
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sweet Wines ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Определены физико-химические показатели 12 образцов сухих и полусладких белых и красных столовых вин, выработанных одним предприятием и разлитых в стеклобутылку (СБ), бутылку из полиэтилентерефталата и упаковку «пакет в коробке» (ПВК) в феврале 2018 г. холодным и горячим способами, с целью установления влияния упаковки на изменение органолептического состава и физико-химических показателей столовых вин. Физико-химический анализ и дегустация представленных образцов столовых вин проведены в марте 2018 г. с использованием общепринятых методик. Установлено, что через месяц после розлива в упаковку все опытные образцы соответствовали требованиям действующей нормативной документации на данный вид продукции и обладали оптимальными физико-химическими показателями, кроме образца полусладкого красного вина в СБ, который на момент анализа был подвержен микробиологическому воздействию. Во всех исследованных образцах столовых вин обнаружен 1,2-пропиленгликоль, но его содержание не превышало допустимых норм. По итогам дегустации для сухих столовых вин рекомендован розлив в СБ, поскольку холодный розлив, применяемый при этом виде упаковки, практически не влияет на изменение органолептических характеристик продукта. Для полусладких вин рекомендуется горячий розлив, поскольку он препятствует забраживанию и задушке вина, а розлив в упаковку ПВК позволяет сохранять качество вина. Physico-chemical parameters of 12 samples of dry and semi-sweet white and red table wines produced by one enterprise and poured into a glass bottle (GB), a bottle of polyethylene terephthalate and a bag-in-box in February 2018 by cold and hot methods were determined in order to establish the influence of packaging on the change in the organoleptic composition and physico-chemical characteristics of table wines. Physical and chemical analysis and tasting of the presented samples of table wines were carried out in March 2018 using generally accepted methods. It was found that a month after filling in the package, all prototypes met the requirements of the current regulatory documentation for this type of product and had optimal physico-chemical parameters, except for the sample of semi-sweet red wine in the GB, which at the time of analysis was exposed to microbiological effects. In all the studied samples of table wines 1,2-propylene glycol was found, but its content did not exceed the permissible norms. Following the results of the tasting, bottling in the GB is recommended for dry table wines, since the cold bottling used in this type of packaging practically does not affect the change in the organoleptic characteristics of the product. For sweet wines it is recommended that hot-filling because it prevents fermenting and suffocating wine and bottling in bag-in-box allows to preserve the quality of the wine.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS DURING FORCED-AERATION STATIC-PILE CO-COMPOSTING OF CATTLE MANURE WITH CALCIUM CYANAMIDE

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huasai Simujide ◽  
Chen Aorigele ◽  
Chun-Jie Wang ◽  
Jun-E Yu ◽  
Bai Manda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Mature Compost ◽  
Forced Aeration ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The goal of this research was to determine the effect of CaCN2 addition into manure mixed with sawdust on the composting process under forced-aeration static condition, especially on nitrogen (N). The changes in the physical and chemical parameters over the entire composting period were evaluated. The profile of temperature, pH, and NO3 –-N was improved in the piles mixed with 2%, 3% and 4% CaCN2 (the test piles). The NH4 +-N met the limit value accepted for mature compost. Finally, the additive contents of not less than 2% but not more than 3% in CaCN2 were recommended for this system based upon a comprehensive evaluation of the measured parameters.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Potential Pollutant Sources in Urban Lake Rawa Besar, Depok, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangapul Parlindungan Tambunan ◽  
Kuswantoro Marko ◽  
Ratna Saraswati ◽  
Rokhmatuloh Rokhmatuloh ◽  
Revi Hernina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Lake ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Pollutant Sources ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Quality Status

Lake Rawa Besar is an urban lake surrounded by dense settlements and commercial areas that are currently experiencing physical and ecological pressures due to uncontrolled land-use change around the lake. Therefore, this preliminary study aimed to investigate the sustainable management of the lake in order to create a recreational destination area. It was carried out by ascertaining the lake water quality status through the analysis of the physical and chemical parameters and identifying the potential pollutant sources due to land use and human activities. The physical parameters include TDS, TSS, Turbidity, while the chemical parameters include Nitrate-N, Total Phosphate-P, and BOD. Furthermore, field surveys on 30 water samples were conducted once at noon and statistical analysis was used to ascertain the correlation between the physical and chemical parameters. Finally, Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were used to investigate the spatial distribution of the Physico-chemical parameters and the potential pollutant sources. The results showed that based on the six parameters of the water quality status, the lake was lightly polluted. It also showed that three parameters such as Turbidity, BOD, and TSS exceed the permissible limit with 93.3, 66.7, 43.7% of the total samples, respectively. Additionally, a strong correlation existed between BOD and Turbidity with r=0.95, while a medium correlation existed between Nitrate-N and Phosphate-P with r=0.40. The spatial distribution of the concentration of the physico-chemical parameters generally had a varied pattern,  however, Turbidity and BOD had a similar pattern, especially in the bank areas. Finally, domestic and organic wastes were indicated as pollutant sources, which increased eutrophication in the lake.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization of Local Tannery Waste Water Before and After Flocculation Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Abba Paltahe ◽  
Tsamo Cornelius ◽  
Balkissou Sambo ◽  
Djaoyang Christian ◽  
Téri Téri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vegetable Tanning

This paper presents the variation in physico-chemical properties of a local Maroua tannery effluent before and after a flocculation treatment. Tanning is a process that consists of the transformation of the animal skin into leather by using different baths which contain many chemical reagents and produces high quantity of liquid and solid waste. The used water of traditional tannery of Maroua is directly thrown in nature without any pre-treatment posing a potential risk to the environment and human health. Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH and conductivity, Total suspended solids, Total hardness, chlorides, sulfides, nitrates,COD, BOD5 , ammonium ion, dissolve oxygen, turbidity, colour and odour were determined before and after aluminum sulfate powder flocculation treatment for effluents collected from soaking, liming, deliming and vegetable tanning stages of the tannery process. The results obtained showed that most of the physico-chemical parameters are higher than the international standard. The results obtained made it possible to classify these four effluents in order of toxicity as follows: Liming water &gt; vegetable tanning water &gt; deliming water &gt; soaking water. The treatment of these waste waters by flocculation reduces the concentrations of certain pollutant loads such as TSS, turbidity, hardness, COD, BOD5, sulfate; but remains less effective on others such as nitrate, chloride and ammonium ion (8%). There is also a decrease in pH, an increase in dissolved oxygen and conductivity. The flocculation treatment thus considerably reduced the toxicity of these effluents, especially its organic load.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document