scholarly journals Experiences of shared sanitation – towards a better understanding of access, exclusion and ‘toilet mobility’ in low-income urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-590
Author(s):  
Ella Foggitt ◽  
Sally Cawood ◽  
Barbara Evans ◽  
Patricia Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Network ◽  
New Town ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
Public Toilets

Abstract Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 6.2 calls for ‘adequate and equitable sanitation for all’. In dense, rapidly urbanising cities, the challenge of providing household sanitation means that many countries include shared, community and public toilets in their national strategies to meet global goals. However, shared sanitation is associated with several problems including poor management and exclusion. This study examines shared sanitation access and use by using innovative mapping methods in compound house units in Fante New Town, Kumasi, Ghana. This study reveals that 56% of house units have at least one toilet. Of the 47% of people living in these house units, almost a third were excluded from using the toilet. Tenure status was the main driver for exclusion, with nearly half of people reporting non-usage ‘not allowed’ to use the toilet by the landlord. This study outlines key policy interventions to address broader institutional and regulatory barriers to shared sanitation. At the settlement level, this includes the provision of safe, well-managed public toilets and engagement with landlords to improve house unit toilet access. At the national and global level, this study calls for nuanced indicators to assess the quality of access and to ensure shared sanitation works for everyone. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

scholarly journals The Quality of Housing Produced by the Low Income in a Developing Country: A case study in Ibadan, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Jaiyeoba Babatunde Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
The People ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Housing Standards ◽  
Low Income Housing

The paper illustrates how housing produced by the low income in Ogbere area of Ibadan is negotiated from the societal complex due to the inability of government to provide for them and low income housing not being attractive to the profit driven private sector. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted while using the lens of Lefebvre’s theory of space to examine the people, the process and the houses produced. The findings necessitate situating low income housing standards, quality and policy interventions in the social context to upgrade the quality of life in urban areas. Keywords: Lefebvre, Low income, Housing production, Social context eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

scholarly journals The pursuit of good microbiological conditions in domestic softeners: a new improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
L. Bolelli ◽  
Elida Nora Ferri ◽  
Stefano Sangiorgi ◽  
Giuseppe Novelli ◽  
Stefano Girotti
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Softened Water ◽  
Generous Support

Abstract Effective resin disinfection is mandatory to ensure the microbiological quality of water treated by domestic softeners. The wet and sometimes warm environment inside the softener is ideal for bacteria growth. Our research was focused on the evaluation of the microbial quality of water from softeners sanitized by chlorine solutions or by electrolytic systems. We employed the heterotrophic plate count and specific tests to monitor the presence of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, enterococci, and coliforms). Completely new devices were equipped with a commercially available electrolytic system or with a newly patented one or sanitized by automatic or manual addition of chlorine solutions. In all cases, the contamination was reduced, not completely avoided. In particular, the patented electrolytic system significantly reduced bacterial proliferation in strongly contaminated devices. Our data confirm the difficulties encountered to solve the problem of microbiological quality of softened water and offer encouraging information on new possible solutions. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

Faecal sludge management in low income areas: a case study of three districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Appiah-Effah ◽  
Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko ◽  
Samuel Fosu Gyasi ◽  
Esi Awuah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Public Toilets ◽  
Faecal Sludge

The challenge of faecal sludge management (FSM) in most developing countries is acute, particularly in low income areas. This study examined the management of faecal sludge (FS) from household latrines and public toilets in three districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana based on household surveys, key informant interviews and field observations. Communities did not have designated locations for the disposal and treatment of FS. For household toilets, about 31 and 42% of peri-urban and rural respondents, respectively, with their toilets full reported that they did not consider manual or mechanical desludging as an immediate remedy, although pits were accessible. Households rather preferred to close and abandon their toilets and use public toilets at a fee or practise open defecation. For the public toilets, desludging was manually carried out at a fee of GHC 800–1,800 and the process usually lasted 8–14 days per toilet facility. The study showed that FSM has not been adequately catered for in both peri-urban and rural areas. However, respondents from the peri-urban areas relatively manage their FS better than their rural counterparts. To address the poor FSM in the study communities, a decentralized FS composting is a potential technology that could be used.

scholarly journals ANALISIS TIPOLOGI WILAYAH DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN MINAPOLITAN DI PROVINSI GORONTALO

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Taslim Arifin ◽  
Syahrial Nur Amri ◽  
Siti Hajar Suryawati
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Income ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Typology Analysis ◽  
Development Center

Pengembangan wilayah dengan pendekatan minapolitan sebagai konsep pembangunan perikanan tidak bisa dilakukan secara parsial. Perikanan harus dibangun secara holisitik yaitu dengan membangun semua yang tersedia di perkotaan ke perdesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur dan pola pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah dan mengetahui potensi dan daya saing lokasi sebagai prioritas pusat pertumbuhan perikanan di Provinsi Gorontalo. Studi ini menggunakan analisis tipologi Klassen dan Shift-Share (S-S). Wilayah yang memiliki struktur ekonomi relatif baik adalah Kabupaten Pohuwato. Daerah ini memiliki PDRB perkapita di atas nilai provinsi namun pertumbuhan ekonomi masih dibawah provinsi (high income but low growth), atau termasuk kategori daerah maju tapi tertekan. Kabupaten Gorontalo, Boalemo dan Bone Bolango termasuk dalam kategori relatif tertinggal (low growth and low income). Kabupaten Boalemo, Pohuwato dan Bone Bolango memiliki pertumbuhan subsektor perikanan yang hampir sama yaitu 18,6%, 16,2% dan 12,7%. Kabupaten Gorontalo hanya bertumbuh sebesar 7,4%. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari produksi subsektor perikanan Kabupaten Gorontalo yang hanya memiliki share 8% terhadap produksi perikanan. Untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi pada sektor perikanan, perlu memperhatikan hal-hal berikut: (a) menyediakan fasilitas publik, (b) pengembangan sektor perikanan secara terintegrasi, (c) pengembangan industri pengolahan hasil perikanan, (d) Pemda Kabupaten Boalemo dan Pohuwato, perlu melakukan tindakan pro aktif dan konstruktif untuk merangsang tumbuhnya minat penanaman modal disertai dengan peningkatan dan pembenahan kualitas SDM. Title: Regional Typhology Analysis for Developing of Minapolitan in the Gorontalo ProvinceRegional  development  by  using  Minapolitan  approach  is  as  a  fisheries  development  concept cannot be applied partially. Fisheries sector should be holistically developed by developing all of potency of rurals and urban areas. This study aims to: (1) understand the structure and pattern of regional economic growth, (2) find out the potency and competitiveness of the area as a priority for fisheries development center in Gorontalo Province. This study uses Klassen and Shift-Share (S-S) typology analysis. Finding of this study showed that has the better economic structure was Pohuwato Regency. This region has Gross Regional Domestic Bruto (GRDB) per capita above the provincial value. However, economic development is still below the provincial level (high income but low growth). It is categorized as developed region but they still under preasure of economy. Boalemo Regency, Pohuwato Regency and Bone Bolango Regency have almost equal fishery development value, which are 18.6%, 16.2% and 12.7% respectively. Gorontalo Regency is grow only 7.4 %. This is due to fisheries production in Gorontalo Regency is only share 8% of total fisheries production. In order to improve economic growth, is  fisheries  sector  need  to  pay  attention  to  several  important  points:  (a)  provide  public  facilities,  (b) development of an integrated fisheries sector, (c) development of processing industry, (d) Boalemo and Pohuwato regencies, need to tae action of pro-active and constructive to stimulate investor in improving quality of human resources.

scholarly journals Kajian pemanfaatan ruang kawasan pesisir studi kasus kawasan permukiman kumuh Kelurahan Padarni Kabupaten Manokwari

Cassowary ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-146
Author(s):  
Adityo Dwi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Waterfront Development ◽  
Coastal City

Manokwari is a coastal city and the capital city of the Province which is considered as very strategic and growing city, making Manokwari more attract for jobs seeker. Many low- income people who migrate to Manokwari make densely populated and slum squatter settlements inevitable. Padarni Coastal Area is one of the urban areas with very poor environmental conditions, Irregular, disaster-prone settlements as well as basic facilities and infrastructure have not been realized properly so that the community cannot move and live properly. The results of the study were 6 causes of slum conditions: Socio-cultural Characteristics, level of urbanization, limited land, accessibility, facilities and infrastructure, and weak of government policies. With the concept of waterfront development, settlement arrangement activities are directed at the utilization of local potential, phasing improvement in the quality of settlements and sustainable slums prevention.

scholarly journals Age-Friendly Approaches and Old-Age Exclusion: A Cross-City Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Buffel ◽  
Samuèle Rémillard-Boilard ◽  
Kieran Walsh ◽  
Bernard McDonald ◽  
An-Sofie Smetcoren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Research Gap

Developing ‘Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFCC)’ has become a key part of policies aimed at improving the quality of life of older people in urban areas. Despite this development, there is evidence of rising inequalities among urban elders, and little known about the potential and limitations of the age-friendly model to reduce old-age exclusion. This article addresses this research gap by comparing how Brussels, Dublin, and Manchester, as three members of the Global Network of AFCC, have responded to social exclusion in later life. The article combines data from document analysis and stakeholder interviews to examine: first, the age-friendly approach and the goal of reducing social exclusion; and second, barriers to developing age-friendly policies as a means of addressing exclusion. The paper suggests that there are reciprocal benefits in linking age-friendly and social exclusion agendas for producing new ways of combatting unequal experiences of ageing in cities.

scholarly journals Context and intentions: practical associations for fecal sludge management in rural low-income Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
James Harper ◽  
Angela Bielefeldt ◽  
Amy Javernick-Will ◽  
Toeur Veasna ◽  
Chris Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Fecal Sludge ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Finite storage capacities of household pit latrines make safely managing fecal sludge a recurring challenge for 2.7 billion people globally. Frequently without guidance from standards or regulation, rural latrine owners choose how to manage their own fecal sludge. However, their intentions – what behavioral science says are the best predictors of future behaviors – when pits fill are poorly understood, inhibiting the development of safe fecal sludge management (FSM) solutions and deteriorating public and environmental health. Using survey data commonly measured by development practitioners, we analyze response frequencies and their associations with contextual factors, such as location, month that the survey was administered, and poverty level. We also use binomial logistic regression to determine if contextual factors can be used to predict the intentions of rural Cambodian latrine owners when pits fill. We found that four in ten rural latrine owners intend to manage their fecal sludge unsafely (41%), and one in six did not have a plan (16%). Desirable FSM intentions increased markedly after rice harvest and varied markedly across provinces. Many predictors of desirable FSM intentions, such as location and satisfaction with the household's latrine, were also identified. Associations between FSM intentions and contextual factors can be used to help predict FSM behaviors and improve FSM service delivery, behavior change campaigns, and product design. However, future work should seek to characterize the complete decision-making processes of rural latrine owners when pits fill. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

Kaantabay Sa Kauswagan: Empowering the Urban Poor in Naga City, Philippines

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Prilles
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Central Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
Vital Factor

Initiated in 1989, the KsK programme (literally Partners in Development) shows how a tri-partite approach of pooling resources and capabilities of private landowners, city and central government and the poor can be used to improve urban living conditions. Strong political will and an enlightened perception of the poor has enabled a city government to reduce poverty, manage urbanisation and improve quality of life in urban areas. Eighty-one per cent of the 7,400 low-income houses have been improved to date. Strong community participation has been a vital factor in achieving this success.

scholarly journals Developing Age-Friendly Cities and Communities: Eleven Case Studies from around the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Samuèle Rémillard-Boilard ◽  
Tine Buffel ◽  
Chris Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Health Organization

Developing age-friendly cities and communities has become a key part of policies aimed at improving the quality of life of older people in urban areas. The World Health Organization has been especially important in driving the ‘age-friendly’ agenda, notably through its Global Network of Age-Friendly Cities and Communities, connecting 1114 (2020 figure) cities and communities worldwide. Despite the expansion and achievements of the Network over the last decade, little is known about the progress made by cities developing this work around the world. This article addresses this research gap by comparing the experience of eleven cities located in eleven countries. Using a multiple case study approach, the study explores the key goals, achievements, and challenges faced by local age-friendly programs and identifies four priorities the age-friendly movement should consider to further its development: (1) changing the perception of older age; (2) involving key actors in age-friendly efforts; (3) responding to the (diverse) needs of older people; and (4) improving the planning and delivery of age-friendly programs. The article concludes by discussing the research and policy implications of these findings for the age-friendly movement.

scholarly journals Locatıon Housıng Affordabılıty as an Indıcator for Qualıty of Lıfe in Malaysıa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Mohd Azren Hassan ◽  
Hazlina Hamdan ◽  
Jamalunlaili Abdullah ◽  
Yusfida Ayu Abddullah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Housing Affordability

To have a quality of life is the ability to own a house. Housing affordability affects the quality of life concerning household well-being and economic security. The research sets to evaluate the location housing affordability for the low-income group base on housing and transportation expenditures in urban areas. 148 respondents have interviewed and by using an integrated Location Housing Affordability, it had indicated that location does influence housing affordability. The findings showed the urban area for the low-income group is seriously unaffordable. “Location" should be part of affordable housing because it affects housing affordability thus concerning the quality of life.

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