scholarly journals Sludge removal enterprises in Indonesia: factors affecting entrepreneurial success

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Paul Kohlitz ◽  
Rokhima Rostiani ◽  
Nurul Indarti ◽  
Janina Murta ◽  
Juliet Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
Important Evidence ◽  
Faecal Sludge ◽  
Do So

Abstract Faecal sludge removal is critical for the long-term functionality of on-site sanitation facilities and sustained sanitation outcomes. Private enterprises are important players in providing sludge removal services in Indonesia and other countries where government does not do so. However, the extent to which sludge removal entrepreneurs can fulfil this role depends on the viability, or success, of their enterprises. This paper investigates factors linked to the success of sludge removal enterprises in Indonesia, including traits of the entrepreneurs, characteristics of the enterprises and contextual challenges. These factors and levels of success were examined from data collected from structured interviews with 24 sludge removal enterprises across six cities in Indonesia. This research found that higher levels of success were significantly associated with entrepreneurs that had previous work experience of any kind, made higher upfront investments and did not involve their family members in the management of the enterprise. Participants most frequently identified high costs of capital, high levels of competition and insufficient time to spend on the enterprise as challenges to success. These findings provide important evidence for how civil society organisations and governments in Indonesia and elsewhere may best provide a conducive enabling environment for enterprise roles in sludge removal.

Using dispute settlement partnerships for capacity building

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Amrita Bahri ◽  
Toufiq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Wto Dispute Settlement ◽  
Small Market

Purpose World Trade Organisation grants rights to its members, and WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) provides a rule-oriented consultative and judicial mechanism to protect these rights in cases of WTO-incompatible trade infringements. However, the DSU participation benefits come at a cost. These costs are acutely formidable for least developing countries (LDCs) which have small market size and trading stakes. No LDC has ever filed a WTO compliant, with the only exception of India-Battery dispute filed by Bangladesh against India. This paper aims to look at the experience of how Bangladesh – so far the only LDC member that has filed a formal WTO complaint – persuaded India to withdraw anti-dumping duties India had imposed on the import of acid battery from Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach The investigation is grounded on practically informed findings gathered through authors’ work experience and several semi-structured interviews and discussions which the authors have conducted with government representatives from Bangladesh, government and industry representatives from other developing countries, trade lawyers and officials based in Geneva and Brussels, and civil society organisations. Findings The discussion provides a sound indication of the participation impediments that LDCs can face at WTO DSU and the ways in which such challenges can be overcome with the help of resources available at the domestic level. It also exemplifies how domestic laws and practices can respond to international legal instruments and impact the performance of an LDC at an international adjudicatory forum. Originality/value Except one book chapter and a working paper, there is no literature available on this matter. This investigation is grounded on practically informed findings gathered with the help of original empirical research conducted by the authors.

scholarly journals Barriers to and Motives for Engagement with respect to Exercise Programmes for Chronic Disease Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Bourke ◽  
Vikram Niranjan ◽  
Raymond O’Connor ◽  
Catherine Woods
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Exercise Programmes ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Background: Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a leading risk factor for premature death worldwide. The Health Service Executive (HSE) National Exercise Referral Framework (NERF) aims to improve PA levels to manage NCDs. ULMedX is one such NERF centre offering an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) programme with the aim of intervention development to maximise adherence for optimal health benefits. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore participants’ experiences of the motives and barriers faced for programme commitment. Identifying areas for future development were also prioritized. Design & setting: Qualitative interviews were conducted with long-term participants and people who have dropped-out (PWDO) at ULMedX.Methods: Guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour the 1-1 semi-structured interviews were performed, transcribed, and evaluated through thematic analysis. Results: Analysis was performed on 14 participants (50% female; mean age 67.3 years), comprising long term adherers (n=7; 13-month duration, 64% of classes) and PWDO (n=7; 2.8 month duration, 22% of classes). Three major factors affecting attendance emerged: social support, perceived outcomes from participation and practical barriers to attendance. Areas for future development included provision of evening and advanced classes, psychological support, more exercise variety, more educational seminars, new members start as their own group. Conclusion: Individuals were more likely to have had a better experience and commit to the programme if they believed involvement would benefit their physical and mental health, increase their exercise motivation by engendering a positive attitude to exercise, and that the ability to attend was within their control.

The Survival Job Trap: Explaining Refugee Employment Outcomes in Chicago and the Contributing Factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Lumley-Sapanski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
The United States ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Federal Poverty Line ◽  
Do So

Abstract Refugees resettled through the United States Refugee Admissions Program are expected to become economically self-sufficient by 90 days post arrival. To meet this expectation, refugee resettlement agencies attempt to place refugees in employment as rapidly as possible. Consequently, refugees are placed into pre-identified jobs—termed survival jobs—at partner employers in the secondary labour market largely irrespective of career background. This study examines the long-term employment and socio-economic outcomes of refugees given the agency approach and resulting initial job placement. To do so, I use individual employment records from a refugee resettlement agency in Chicago, semi-structured interviews with refugees and autoethnography conducted over an eight-year period (2008–16). I find that the initial employment placements made by the refugee resettlement agency in the immediate period post-arrival have long-term implications for economic integration. Refugees in general, but in particular those who arrive with less relevant human capital, remain in employment at agency partners five years after arrival. These positions offer limited opportunities for upward economic mobility, leaving many refugees at or near the Federal Poverty Line.

scholarly journals Have  we  Dropped  a  Stitch?  Collecting  Born  Digital  Documentary  Heritage  in  New  Zealand  Cultural  Heritage  Institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julia Mary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Selection Factors

<p>This study explored the factors affecting the nature and extent of the collection of   born digital materials for long-term retention by collecting repositories in New Zealand cultural  heritage institutions, below the national level. This included exploration of selection factors,  limiting and enabling factors affecting activities, preservation and acquisition policies for born  digital materials, preservation procedures, and perceptions of roles and responsibilities. This two  phase, mixed methods study consisted of a broad web survey followed by semi-structured  interviews. The collecting repositories studied hold a range of born digital materials, but in  small quantities. The collection of born digital heritage seems to be a new activity that requires  additional resourcing and skills that are lacking in many of these collecting repositories. Levels  of policy development are low and there is generally a lack of procedures for preserving born  digital materials. However respondents generally perceived that collecting and preserving born  digital materials was part of their role. The study concludes that the  traditionally passive approach to acquisition of many of the collecting archives   studied, combined with a lack of resourcing and expertise, pose a threat to the long term  accessibility of local and regional born digital heritage. Some recommendations for action are  provided.</p>

Investigating Entrepreneurial Success Factors of Businesses Owned by Nigerian Women in the UK

2022 ◽  
pp. 160-187
Author(s):  
Victoria Temitope ◽  
Seema Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this study is to investigate the entrepreneurial success factors of Nigerian women entrepreneurs based in the UK. An exploratory case study approach was used to gather the primary data from 15 small businesses run by Nigerian women entrepreneurs in the UK. The data collection was conducted through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, observations, and published sources. The data was thematically analysed using NVivo. The main findings indicated that Nigerian women entrepreneurs in the UK primarily depend on personal traits, self-funding, work experience, personal satisfaction, physical networking, and family support for business success. The most significant entrepreneurial success factor was the personal success factor. The study provided feasible recommendations for Nigerian women entrepreneurs based in the UK to put emphasis on environmental success factors and online networking, taking advantage of social media platforms for easy and quicker reach of more customers and business partners.

Identifying and Evaluating the Critical Success Factors for Academic Information Management and Evaluation Centers: The Case of Iran

Libri ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Noroozi Chakoli ◽  
Laleh Samadi
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Academic Information

Abstract Identifying the factors affecting the success of academic information management and evaluation centers is one of the most important studies on how its results can increase the productivity of these centers. This research attempts to investigate the effect of five critical success factors for three centers of academic information management and evaluation in Iran as a developing country. These centers play a key role in the management and evaluation of theses, research projects, papers, and patents nationally. Semi-structured interviews, studies of literature, and providing questionnaires have been used to collect the material for the research. The research population was selected using purposive sampling and consists of managers and all the employees in the three centers who had at least a master’s degree. Their viewpoints were surveyed and the data was analyzed using ANOVA, Scheffe, and Pearson’s correlation test. The findings affirm that “management stability” makes it possible to perform long-term plans in these centers. However, “independency” acts as a factor to strike the balance between responsibilities and authorities, “manager’s speciality” improves the plans and performances in a specific and professional way, “information technology” reduces the expenses and facilitates the presentation of faster services, and finally “distance from authorities” influences the speed of reporting and providing facilities. The results show each of these five factors, not only independently but also together and as a whole, affects the success of these kinds of centers. Moreover, while confirming the correlation between these factors, it was revealed which of these factors has a greater impact on their success.

scholarly journals The Nature of Permanent Post-concussion Symptoms after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel S. King ◽  
Simon Kirwilliam
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Poor Concentration ◽  
Do So

Objective: Very few studies have examined permanent post-concussion symptoms (PCSs) after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). None have reported the nature of such symptoms. Our recent study was the first to report on a wide range of factors affecting PCSs in a representative sample of such patients. This paper presents the frequencies of the different PCSs experienced by this group and compares them with PCSs at earlier stages post injury.Method: One hundred consecutively referred patients to a Community Head Injury Service in Buckinghamshire, UK, for the treatment of long-term PCSs after MTBI were invited to participate in the original study. Those consenting to do so (n = 24, mean time post injury = 6.9 years) completed a Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire. The frequency of the types of symptoms reported is presented. These are then contrasted with comparable PCS presentations at 7–10 days and 6 months post injury from two other studies.Results: Fatigue was reported by all long-term patients. Poor concentration, sleep disturbance, taking longer to think and irritability were the other most frequently endorsed permanent symptoms. The least reported were blurred/double vision, photophobia, nausea, headache and dizziness. A similar pattern was present in those at earlier stages post injury.Conclusions: The most common permanent PCSs may be those best conceptualised as the more cognitively and emotionally based symptoms, and the least common the more somatically based ones. There may be some consistency in the nature of PCSs reported over time.

scholarly journals Have  we  Dropped  a  Stitch?  Collecting  Born  Digital  Documentary  Heritage  in  New  Zealand  Cultural  Heritage  Institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julia Mary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
Selection Factors

<p>This study explored the factors affecting the nature and extent of the collection of   born digital materials for long-term retention by collecting repositories in New Zealand cultural  heritage institutions, below the national level. This included exploration of selection factors,  limiting and enabling factors affecting activities, preservation and acquisition policies for born  digital materials, preservation procedures, and perceptions of roles and responsibilities. This two  phase, mixed methods study consisted of a broad web survey followed by semi-structured  interviews. The collecting repositories studied hold a range of born digital materials, but in  small quantities. The collection of born digital heritage seems to be a new activity that requires  additional resourcing and skills that are lacking in many of these collecting repositories. Levels  of policy development are low and there is generally a lack of procedures for preserving born  digital materials. However respondents generally perceived that collecting and preserving born  digital materials was part of their role. The study concludes that the  traditionally passive approach to acquisition of many of the collecting archives   studied, combined with a lack of resourcing and expertise, pose a threat to the long term  accessibility of local and regional born digital heritage. Some recommendations for action are  provided.</p>

Endurance of Transnationalism in Bolivia’s Valle Alto

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Jones ◽  
Leonardo De la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foreign Work ◽  
Intentions To Return ◽  
Economic Ties

The increasing difficulty of return migration and the demands for assimilation into host societies suggest a long-term cutting of ties to origin areas—likely accentuated in the Bolivian case by the recent shift in destinations from Argentina to the US and Spain. Making use of a stratified random sample of 417 families as well as ethnographic interviews in the provinces of Punata, Esteban Arze, and Jordán in the Valle Alto region the authors investigate these issues. Results suggest that for families with greater than ten years cumulated foreign work experience, there are significantly more absentees and lower levels of remittances as a percentage of household income. Although cultural ties remain strong after ten years, intentions to return to Bolivia decline markedly. The question of whether the dimunition of economic ties results in long-term village decline in the Valle Alto remains an unanswered.   

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