Prefabricated biogas reactor-based systems for community wastewater and organic waste treatment in developing regions

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cheng ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
H.-P. Mang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
F. Yin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Biogas Reactors ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Urban Conditions

Population densities in cities of developing countries are much higher than in other parts of the world, and the predominance of poverty in urban slums is ubiquitous throughout the region. In many urban areas, the lack of wastewater and waste management continues to be a huge challenge for environment and health protection. Decentralized approaches are proposed to provide practical, alternative options for sustainable urban wastewater and waste management in urban conditions. Conventionally, on-site constructed brick/concrete biogas reactors are the most used models. However, long construction periods, quality issues and leakage of biogas are often the disadvantages of construction design. In contrast to these systems, prefabricated biogas reactors can be produced off-site from different kinds of material. In this paper, prefabricated biogas reactor and treatment systems will be discussed, which could be applied in different developing countries. Meanwhile, some existing cases in China, Indonesia and South Africa are presented to show clear scenarios.

Sustainable Environmental Service - Knowledge Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 709-729
Author(s):  
Pitchayanin Sukholthaman ◽  
Kunio Shirahada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Knowledge management (KM) is a key factor to increase effectiveness of management system. There have been researches of KM on many environmental services. Unfortunately, only a few researches have focused on sustainable service for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There are evidences of ineffective waste management causing socio-economic and environmental problems, especially in urban areas of developing countries. Humans live in service economy and knowledge society. Waste management is one of the most important public services that all residents should receive while knowledge is needed to make service run smoothly and sustainably. This paper combines concepts of sustainable service and KM to clarify the importance and how these concepts have impacts on societal well-being. Literature reviews and questionnaire surveys are main analysis methods of this paper. Sustainable service with KM roles will be described and co-created values are identified.

The Black Soldier Fly

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Amy Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Entomological Research

This chapter follows Dr. Wu in his work to devise a solution for organic waste treatment using insects. By examining the tension between China's urban development and the sustainable treatment of organic waste, the chapter argues that China's project to institute a green modernity increasingly shows a preference for scientific solutions that address local conditions. This preference is in stark contrast to previous policies and approaches under which Chinese cities, for example, pushed for the adoption of imported waste management technologies and, in the case of organic waste, expelled the animals that served as a de facto waste management system. The chapter also highlights the longer historical traditions and practices that buttress the development of technology. China has a specific history of using insects as a tool and resource and has also focused on biological pest control in domestic entomological research. As a waste management technology, the Black Soldier Fly project creates a new use for insects while simultaneously generating increased interspecies dependencies between insects and humans.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of biopore technology on infiltration rate and organic waste processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 878 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
I V Simanjuntak ◽  
Setiyadi ◽  
A S Mulyani ◽  
L E Hutabarat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Pvc Pipe ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Water Catchment

Abstract An environmental problem that often occurs during the rainy season is standing rainwater. Therefore, some water catchment areas are needed to reduce standing water that will minimize environmental damage instead. In densely populated urban areas the available space for water infiltration is very limited. Using biopore infiltration holes’ technology which uses organic waste to increase the rate of water infiltration into the soil can be an alternative solution. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of biopore infiltration holes with organic waste treatment to increase the rate of infiltration of soil. The methodology used in this study is the Horton test, in which biopore infiltration holes are using PVC pipes with various diameter 3 in, 4 in, and 5 in. The measurement of the infiltration rate observed by decrease in water level every interval of 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min, and 30 min continually. The results show that the effectiveness of biopore infiltration holes using PVC pipe with a diameter of 3 in, 4 in and 5 in are increasing 62.92%, 70.60%, and 54.11% respectively.

scholarly journals A study on the potential for sustainable waste management in the Greater Toronto Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shamsul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Source Reduction ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Management Practices ◽  
The City

Performance of the residential waste management practices in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) was studied. The study encompassed identification of waste management practices and analysis of data concerning different management options followed by the Regional Municipalities of Durham, Halton, Peel, York and the City of Toronto during 2002 to 2008. Historically, wastes from the GTA were disposed of in the landfills. Majority wastes [sic] from the GTA were exported to Michigan under a contract which is going to be expired [sic] at the end of 2010. Residents already [sic] opposed to accept new landfills. Toxic emissions from the incinerators are also of great concern to them. Integrated waste management system comprising source reduction, recycling and reuse, diversion through green bin SSO program and the aerobic/anaerobic processing of organic waste treatment can be considered to succeed in achieving the most effective and sustainable solution to the residential waste management problems in the GTA.

scholarly journals Estimation of COVID-19 waste generation and composition in Vietnam for pandemic management

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110528
Author(s):  
Trang DT Nguyen ◽  
Kosuke Kawai ◽  
Toyohiko Nakakubo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Contaminated Waste

Despite its initial success in COVID-19 pandemic control, Vietnam faces a growing risk of outbreaks as new infection waves driven by the highly contagious Delta variant surge in the region. In the context of preparedness through waste management, this study estimated the rate and quantity of generation and the composition of COVID-19 waste in Vietnam from the supply of resources and equipment. Over a year under COVID, 1486 t of COVID-19 waste was produced from the treatment of isolated COVID-19 patients (4.64 kg bed−1 day−1), quarantine in medical facilities (3.86 kg bed−1 day−1), centralised quarantine (46.43 g bed−1 day−1), testing (50 g test−1) and vaccination (10.46 g shot−1). Plastic dominated the waste at 76.7%, followed by paper. The additional management of waste from households with persons under quarantine is likely to reduce infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – contaminated waste. Thorough assessment is recommended for the establishment of regional collaboration to secure COVID-19 waste treatment capacity. These findings will support COVID-19 waste planning in Vietnam in association with pandemic scenarios and could be used as a reference by other developing countries for pandemic control.

scholarly journals Management of Urban Farming Activities In A Community Case Study 1000kebun In Bandung City

2021 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Ahkmad Zainal Mubarak ◽  
Oekan S Abdoellah ◽  
Susanti Withaningsih ◽  
Kinanti Indah
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City

Urban farming is a solution to the food crisis and deterioration of the environment urban conditions. In the city of Bandung, there are communities that carry out urban farming activities that are packaged attractively. The strategy carried out by the community in the practice of urban farming is a tool capable of driving from a downturn in urban areas. The study discusses urban farming as community management in 1000kebun to share knowledge and experience. Logical framework analysis carried out by the community of 1000kebun in the city of Bandung in forming a strategy developed so as to encourage the urban farming activities to remain sustainable. The strategies related to creativity in the agricultural sector and the involvement of young people in the agricultural sector. The 1000kebun community developed the creativity from the involvement of young people in carrying out agricultural activities which were able to encourage the wider community to care about the agricultural sector and consumption of foodstuffs that did not damage the environment and health. The motivation of 1000kebun to be active in the management of urban farming is to raise an active role for public concern in the agricultural sector, especially those in urban areas.

scholarly journals Solid Waste Management Practices in Ghana: Challenges and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Kwasi Nartey ◽  
Patrick Nyarko
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Waste Products

World Bank report revealed that waste generation has been on the ascendancy, the worlds’ cities generated 2.01 billion tons of solid waste in the year 2016. This figure is expected to reach 3.40 billion tons per year by 2050 due to increasing urbanization – a growth of 70%. Proper management of these has become a challenge for most developing countries in recent years. The path of urbanization, population growth and affluence is associated with the challenge of proper waste management in urban areas of developing countries since the higher the income level and rate of urbanization, the greater the solid waste generated. Unfortunately, sub-Saharan African countries like Ghana only focuses on waste collection instead of waste management. Waste management comprises all activities and actions needed to manage waste from inception to the final disposal. These activities and actions include collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste as well as monitoring and regulation. Also, Sanitary landfilling is among the best methods of decreasing the volume of waste products; however, the lack of suitable land for landfill sites is a key issue. Therefore, the lifespan of a landfill site can be prolonged when waste reduction at the source is well considered as an aspect of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management. Solid waste management in Ghana has been faced with several challenges which includes; poor attitude of the general populace towards waste disposal sanitation, unplanned human settlement especially in the urban centers, poor planning of waste management programmes, low or no public education on the good sanitation, inadequate waste infrastructure, lack of political will in enforcing sanitation bye laws, inadequate operational funds and equipment to support waste management activities among others. Also, there is lack of reliable national data on waste generation and composition to inform effective planning on waste management in Ghana Developing countries such as Ghana has to adopt measures that will be sustainable, efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly to help in proper waste management and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 3, 6, and 11 by 2030.

Sustainable Environmental Service - Knowledge Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 897-917
Author(s):  
Pitchayanin Sukholthaman ◽  
Kunio Shirahada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Knowledge management (KM) is a key factor to increase effectiveness of management system. There have been researches of KM on many environmental services. Unfortunately, only a few researches have focused on sustainable service for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There are evidences of ineffective waste management causing socio-economic and environmental problems, especially in urban areas of developing countries. Humans live in service economy and knowledge society. Waste management is one of the most important public services that all residents should receive while knowledge is needed to make service run smoothly and sustainably. This paper combines concepts of sustainable service and KM to clarify the importance and how these concepts have impacts on societal well-being. Literature reviews and questionnaire surveys are main analysis methods of this paper. Sustainable service with KM roles will be described and co-created values are identified.

scholarly journals Sustainability in motion at UAO: integrated waste management

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Luis H. Pérez ◽  
Mario A. Gandini
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Integrated Waste Management ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment ◽  
The University

The Universidad Autónoma de Occidente (UAO), located in Cali (Colombia), launched the Sustainable Campus Program in 2015, in order to implement sustainability actions and strategies within the University campus with the purpose of contributing both to a better environmental performance of the campus operations and to generate knowledge and experience than can be used in the context of cities and regions in their search for reaching sustainable conditions. Integrated waste management is one of the components of the UAO Sustainable Campus Program. Based on the categories and indicators presented in the GreenMetric 2017, the integrated waste management includes the program to reduce the use of paper and plastic in campus, recycling program for university waste, toxic waste handled, organic waste treatment and inorganic waste treatment.

Decentralised Sanitation and Energy Reuse in the Built Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 787-790
Author(s):  
Guang Wei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Intentional Community ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Green Housing ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Organic Waste Treatment

This paper seeks to focus on a combined waste (or: wastewater)/energy system in the deep green housing district. An innovative mixture of red and green development is presented, together with a concept of building integrated decentralized technologies for wastewater and organic waste treatment with energy and nutrients recovery. The concept is called sustainable implant. It is important to change the general attitude towards the different components of design, development, use and management of urban areas. A way to do so is the interconnection of different themes and cycles within cities. An example is the linking of sanitation to energy and food production. The paper shows the potentials of integrating solutions concerning energy and sanitation flows as near as possible to its origin of use and/or production. Introducing the analogy of the functioning of buildings (with respect to energy and sanitation flows) with that of a parasite. The system layout and the dimensioning backgrounds are explained in this paper. Additional emphasis is put on maintenance, conservation and administration of the integrated whole, and the possible consequences for the district and its inhabitants. There are scale limitations concerning the proposed (and realized) systems. Besides that there is a matter of a unique situation with an intentional community. Although two similar systems, however small, have been realized, no other project (in process of realization) can be found worldwide in which there is a linking of urban agriculture, waste (water) treatment and energy production at the scale of an urban district.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document