Willingness to pay for improved water supplies in rural Ugandan villages

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. Wright ◽  
Daya Muralidharan ◽  
Alex S. Mayer ◽  
William S. Breffle
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Bidding Process

The contingent valuation method was used to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for the operation and maintenance of an improved water source in the villages of Kigisu and Rubona in rural Uganda. The survey was conducted in August 2011 and administered to 122 households out of 400 in the community, gathering demographic information, health and water behaviors, and using an iterative bidding process to estimate WTP per 20 L for a public tap. The data were analyzed using an ordered probit model, which predicts monetary intervals for households' WTP. The model predicts a mean WTP of 356 Ugandan shillings (USD 0.183) per 20 L from a public tap. It was determined that the number of children in the home and the distance from the existing source are significant in influencing household's WTP, while income, age, and gender are not.

scholarly journals Sport and Cultural Events: Willingness to Pay, Facial Expressions and Skin Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-214
Author(s):  
Seppo Suominen
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sport Events

The topic of this particular study is to combine facial expressions, skin response and willingness to pay (WTP) using an iMotions Platform. This software solution combines biosensors in human behaviour research. A useful method to estimate WTP is contingent valuation method (CV) (Mitchell and Carson 1989). The method has been widely used in cultural economics (Noonan 2003) and sport economics (Walker and Mondello 2007, Wicker et al. 2016a). CV method is made up of using surveys to elicit a willingness to pay for hypothetical changes in some good or service. Galvanic skin response (GSR), also known as electro dermal activity measures electrical activity conducted through sweat glands in the skin. It is an indication of the intensity of an emotion experienced (iMotions). GSR in an indication of stress (arousal of the sympathetic nervous system) in the body by appearing as continuous variation in the electrical characteristics of skin (De Brito and Mitchell 2019). Only joy and surprise are positively related to WTP, while the other emotions do no reveal anything. In addition, heart rate (GSR) and gender are significantly associated with WTP. Keywords: facial expressions, skin response, willingness to pay, sport events, cultural events

scholarly journals Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Cassava Flour Inclusion in Bread, a Case Study of Lagos State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Erih E. A. ◽  
Oni O. A. ◽  
Fashogbon A. E.
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Bivariate Probit Model ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p>The study was conducted to address the issue of consumers’ willingness to pay for inclusion of cassava flour in bread in Lagos State. The data were collected randomly from a sample of 300 respondents in the state through the use of a well structured questionnaire. The contingent valuation method was adopted to estimate both the mean willingness to pay of consumers and the factors that affect their willingness to pay and these were analyzed using the bivariate probit model. The most significant model was the 10percent cassava flour inclusion as it has the highest number of significant variables (eight) followed by 20percent cassava flour inclusion with seven significant variables and 30 and 40percent cassava flour inclusion with six significant variables each. The factors that influenced consumers’ willingness to pay for CCW bread were the respondent’s age, gender, respondents’ awareness, married respondents, respondents with head position<em>,</em>and bread share which is the<em> </em>proportion of respondents income spent on bread to total income. The mean willingness to pay for bread with an inclusion of cassava flour at 10, 20, 30, and 40percent cassava flour inclusion were ?172.70, ?165.00, ?154.07, and ?142.78 respectively for initial bid while the mean willingness-to-pay at 10, 20, 30, and 40percent cassava flour inclusion were ?180.20, ?150.41, ?143.35, and ?127.36 respectively for subsequent bid. Arising from the result of this study, birth control policies were recommended among respondents in the study area.</p>

scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Soccer Player Development in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ashton Morgan ◽  
John C. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Additional Funding ◽  
The Cost

American households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for soccer player development is measured using the contingent valuation method. Data are drawn from two national surveys administered before and after the 2014 World Cup event. Individuals are asked whether they perceive that additional funding for player development will improve the chances of the national team’s performance at the 2018 World Cup and whether they are willing to pay an annual household tax to fund the program. A bivariate probit model accounts for correlation between the two decisions. WTP estimates indicate that the intangible benefits of player development are roughly twice the cost.

scholarly journals Women Volunteerism for Protecting Watershed Ecosystem in Langat Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Devika Krishnan ◽  
Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail ◽  
Chamhur Siwari ◽  
Sara Kaffashi ◽  
Pushpawani Ramaloo
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Ecosystem Protection

Forested watershed provides abundant ecosystem services for water users including catchment area protection, flood regulation, provisioning of clean drinking water and climate regulation. However, the value of ecosystem services only partially takes into account by policy makers and indirectly cause overexploitation of natural resources. This study observes the economic role of women in protecting watershed ecosystem by calculating willingness to pay (WTP). Langat Basin is an imperative watershed that supplying fresh water source and other necessities to approximately 1.2 million people within the catchment area. Langat Basin has getting the effect of hasty growth through industrialization and land development actions. Women within Langat Basin has been selected through face to face interview for measure willingness to pay (WTP) towards ecosystem protection. Single Bounded Dichotomous Choice technique in Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) is engaged to calculate WTP of women. Willingness to pay of women in upstream is RM184.28, followed by women in middle stream is RM168.60 and lastly WTP of women in downstream is RM190.16. The willingness to pay women shows that women has potential to be part of ecosystem protection and signal to policy makers to include women in decision making process especially for environmental perspective.

scholarly journals Determinantion of visitors’ willingness to pay to enter Karagol Natural Park of Ankara, Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Coskun Serefoglu
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Working Status

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to assess visitors’ attitudes, if visitors would be willing to pay to enter Lake Karagol, and what factors affect their decision to pay. The contingent valuation method was used to estimate the economic value of the lake by assessing willingness to pay (WTP). Double dichotomous questions were used in the survey. Respondents were first asked whether or not they would be willing to pay the starting bid. They could either answer in the affirmative (that is, accepted bid) or in the negative (that is, reject the starting bid). The average WTP for an entrance fee was found to be about USD 0.22 for all observations when zero bids were included, and about USD 4.40 when zero bids were excluded. Result of the probit model showed that respondents with a higher income, respondents who were young, and the working status of the respondents had significant impacts on the probability of the WTP.

scholarly journals Economic valuation in selective solid waste collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Anny Kariny Feitosa ◽  
Júlia Elisabete Barden ◽  
Odorico Konrad ◽  
Manuel Arlindo Amador Matos
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Selective Collection

This article aims to estimate the economic valuation of selective solid waste collection in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Northeast of Brazil, through the Contingent Valuation Method, presenting the average Willingness to Pay (WTP) of the respondents. Besides, it identifies the variables that influence WTP. The study involved bibliographical research and fieldwork, with 360 interviews, qualitative data analysis and statistical analysis of variables, through binary regression, using a probit model (probability unit), using STATA 11. It was found that 91.94% of the respondents recognize that selective collection contributes to the reduction of pollution, but only 37.50% would be willing to pay for the referred collection. Concerning the respondents with positive WTP, the average monthly WTP found was R$ 15.70. The higher or lower willingness to pay for the referred services was related to the variables gender, income and education. Based on the marginal effect, the variables with greater influence on WTP for selective collection in this study were gender (17.44%) and education (16.86%).

scholarly journals Smallholder Households’ Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Ecosystem Services of Alitash National Park, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agerie Nega Wassihun ◽  
Fikeremaryam Birara Feleke ◽  
Gebrehiwot Abebe Bayeh ◽  
Yitayew Malede Nega
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
National Park ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Dichotomous Choice ◽  
Valuation Method

Abstract Background: Despite exceptional ecosystem services are provided by Altash National Park, anthropogenic activities exert immense pressures on the parks’ natural resources from the surrounding community which is eventually degrading the productivity of ecosystem services. Therefore, the aim of this study was economic valuation of ecosystem services of Altash National Park of Ethiopia. Using systematic random sampling 196 sample respondents were selected. Double bounded dichotomous choice followed by open ended format of contingent valuation method was used to state households’ willingness to pay (WTP) and their maximum WTP for conservation of ecosystem services of the park. Seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model was employed to analyse the data. Results: First and second offered bid values, Sex of respondent, Years of living in Kebele, Education status, Distance from home to park, Benefit of preservation, Distance from farm to park, Training on park conservation were found to have statistically significant influence on households’ WTP for improving conservation of ecosystem services of the park. The expected aggregate WTP from double bounded dichotomous choice and open ended format was estimated 1,511,172.96 and 1,526,194.56 birr, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the findings, since all respondents were willing to pay for the conservation of ecosystem services of the park, for every decision and formulation of policies and strategies, participation of local communities should be considered. Finally, regular training and workshop should be delivered for local communities to enhance awareness about the environmental and economic values of the park and to develop sense of ownership.

scholarly journals Exploring Inner-City Residents’ and Foreigners’ Commitment to Improving Air Pollution: Evidence from a Field Survey in Hanoi, Vietnam

Data ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Tri Vu Phu ◽  
Tuyet-Anh T. Le ◽  
Quy Van Khuc
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Valuation Method

Solutions for mitigating and reducing environmental pollution are important priorities for many developed and developing countries. This study was conducted to better understand the degree to which inner-city citizens and foreigners perceive air pollution and respond to it, particularly how much they willingly contribute to improving air quality in Vietnam, a lower-middle-income nation in Southeast Asia. During mid-December 2019, a stratified random sampling technique and a contingent valuation method (CVM) were employed to survey 199 inhabitants and 75 foreigners who reside and travel within the inner-city of Hanoi. The data comprises four major groups of information on: (1) perception of air pollution and its impacts, (2) preventive measures used to mitigate polluted air, (3) commitments on willingness-to-pay (WTP) for reducing air pollution alongside reasons for the yes-or-no-WTP decision, and (4) demographic information of interviewees. The findings and data of this study could offer many policy implications for better environmental management in the study area and beyond.

Reliability and Validity of the Contingent Valuation Method for Estimating Willingness to Pay: A Case of In Vitro Fertilisation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Nalukwago Settumba ◽  
Marian Shanahan ◽  
Willings Botha ◽  
Muhammad Zulilhaam Ramli ◽  
Georgina Mary Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Valuation Method
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document