scholarly journals Identifying the impact of Energy Base Water Project on groundwater using high-frequency monitoring data in the Subei Lake basin, Ordos, Northwestern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xianfang Song ◽  
Lihu Yang ◽  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Yinghua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Phreatic Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Depression Cone ◽  
The Impact

Groundwater is increasingly exploited for energy production in arid regions, which necessitates a deeper insight into the impact of the enhanced human pressure on the groundwater. This study applied an integrated method (statistical analysis, water table fluctuation method, hydrograph analysis and remote sensing) to identify the impact of Energy Base Water Project on the groundwater in the Subei Lake basin. Groundwater levels in eight observation wells at 30 min intervals during the 2013–2014 period were monitored using automatic groundwater monitoring data loggers. Results showed that precipitation infiltration, irrigation return flow, groundwater pumping and evapotranspiration controlled the hydrodynamics of unconfined groundwater. The average evapotranspiration rates in the Quaternary phreatic aquifer and the Cretaceous phreatic aquifer were 6.15 and 12.48 mm/d. The unusual hourly hydrographs fall into three patterns (mutational, irregular and gradual hydrographs). Different recovery times after being influenced by pumping may be related to the presence of the mudstone lenses. The extent of the groundwater depression cone was qualitatively identified by gradual hydrographs, which may spread from the center area to the western boundary. Only some individual wells from Haolebaoji waterworks had conducted the intermittent pumping activities at random times and caused the decline of the lakes.

scholarly journals Predicting the impact of heavy groundwater pumping on groundwater and ecological environment in the Subei Lake basin, Ordos energy base, Northwestern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1156-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xianfang Song ◽  
Lihu Yang ◽  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Yinghua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Diversion ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Evapotranspiration ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Depression Cone ◽  
Groundwater Depression Cone ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Groundwater is increasingly exploited for energy production in arid areas globally, which will inevitably disrupt the natural equilibrium of groundwater and the ecological environment. A groundwater flow model for Subei Lake basin, Ordos energy base, was developed and calibrated to predict groundwater levels' variation and the impact of heavy groundwater pumping on the ecological environment for the period 2010–2039 under two different pumping scenarios. Results showed that rainfall infiltration and groundwater evapotranspiration were the major source/sink terms for the groundwater system. The obvious groundwater depression cone will be formed in the production field at the end of 30 years and the maximum drawdown will be 11.70 m if the waterworks maintains the present situation. However, recovery of groundwater level will be obvious and the groundwater depression cone will disappear as a result of the implementation of the water diversion project. The increased volume of groundwater pumping between the two scenarios was derived from storage depletion, the activated lateral inflow, the captured groundwater evapotranspiration, lateral outflow and discharge into Subei Lake. Groundwater pumping from Haolebaoji waterworks has caused the decline of the Subei Lake and the noticeable degradation of phreatophyte.

scholarly journals Carbon Dynamics in the Northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau from 1990 to 2030 Using Landsat Land Use/Cover Change Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingye Li ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
Jean-Michel Guldmann ◽  
Shicheng Li ◽  
Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Qinghai Lake ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact

Land use/cover change (LUCC) has an important impact on the terrestrial carbon cycle. The spatial distribution of regional carbon reserves can provide the scientific basis for the management of ecosystem carbon storage and the formulation of ecological and environmental policies. This paper proposes a method combining the CA-based FLUS model and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model to assess the temporal and spatial changes in ecosystem carbon storage due to land-use changes over 1990–2015 in the Qinghai Lake Basin (QLB). Furthermore, future ecosystem carbon storage is simulated and evaluated over 2020–2030 under three scenarios of natural growth (NG), cropland protection (CP), and ecological protection (EP). The long-term spatial variations in carbon storage in the QLB are discussed. The results show that: (1) Carbon storage in the QLB decreased at first (1990–2000) and increased later (2000–2010), with total carbon storage increasing by 1.60 Tg C (Teragram: a unit of mass equal to 1012 g). From 2010 to 2015, carbon storage displayed a downward trend, with a sharp decrease in wetlands and croplands as the main cause; (2) Under the NG scenario, carbon reserves decrease by 0.69 Tg C over 2020–2030. These reserves increase significantly by 6.77 Tg C and 7.54 Tg C under the CP and EP scenarios, respectively, thus promoting the benign development of the regional ecological environment. This study improves our understanding on the impact of land-use change on carbon storage for the QLB in the northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP).

scholarly journals Averaging-Related Biases in Monthly Latent Heat Fluxes

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 974-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Hughes ◽  
Mark A. Bourassa ◽  
Jeremy J. Rolph ◽  
Shawn R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Latent Heat ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Surface Flux ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
State University ◽  
Boundary Current ◽  
Surface Energy Fluxes ◽  
Temporal Averaging ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Seasonal-to-multidecadal applications that require ocean surface energy fluxes often require accuracies of surface turbulent fluxes to be 5 W m−2 or better. While there is little doubt that uncertainties in the flux algorithms and input data can cause considerable errors, the impact of temporal averaging has been more controversial. The biases resulting from using monthly averaged winds, temperatures, and humidities in the bulk aerodynamic formula (i.e., the so-called classical method) to estimate the monthly mean latent heat fluxes are shown to be substantial and spatially varying in a manner that is consistent with most prior work. These averaging-related biases are linked to nonnegligible submonthly covariances between the wind, temperature, and humidity. To provide additional insight into the averaging-related bias, the methodology behind the third-generation Florida State University monthly mean surface flux product (FSU3) is detailed to highlight additional sources of errors in gridded datasets. The FSU3 latent heat fluxes suffer from this averaging-related bias, which can be as large as 90 W m−2 in western boundary current regions during winter and can exceed 40 W m−2 in synoptically active portions of the tropics. The regional impacts of these biases on the mixed layer temperature tendency are shown to demonstrate that the error resulting from applying the classical method is physically substantial.

Contrasting facies patterns between river-dominated and symmetrical wave-dominated delta deposits

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-295
Author(s):  
BRIAN J. WILLIS ◽  
TAO SUN ◽  
R. BRUCE AINSWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Lateral Migration ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Process-physics-based, coupled hydrodynamic–morphodynamic delta models are constructed to understand preserved facies heterogeneities that can influence subsurface fluid flow. Two deltaic systems are compared that differ only in the presence of waves: one river dominated and the other strongly influenced by longshore currents. To understand an entire preserved deltaic succession, the growth of multiple laterally adjacent delta lobes is modeled to define delta axial to marginal facies trends through an entire regressive–transgressive depositional succession. The goal is to refine a facies model for symmetrical wave-dominated deltas (where littoral drift diverges from the delta lobe apex). Because many factors change depositional processes on deltas, the description of the river-dominated example is included to provide a direct reference case from which to define the impact of waves on preserved facies patterns. Both systems display strong facies trends from delta axis to margin that continued into inter-deltaic areas. River-dominated delta regression preserved a dendritic branching of compensationally stacked bodies. Transgression, initiated by sea-level rise, backfilled the main channel and deposited levees and splays on the submerging delta top. Wave-dominated deltas developed dual clinoforms: a shoreface clinoform built as littoral drift carried sediment away from the river month and onshore, and a subaqueous delta-front clinoform composed of sediment accumulated below wave base. Although littoral drift in both directions away from the delta axis stabilized the position of the river at the shoreline, distributary-channel avulsions and lateral migration of river flows across the subaqueous delta top produced heterogeneities in both sets of clinoform deposits. Separation of shoreface and subaqueous delta-front clinoforms across a subaqueous delta top eroded to wave base produced a discontinuity in progradational vertical successions that appeared gradual in some locations but abrupt in others. Littoral drift flows away from adjacent deltas converged in inter-deltaic areas, producing shallow water longshore bars cut by wave-return-flow channels with associated terminal mouth bars. Transgression initiated by sea-level rise initially led to vertical aggradation of wave-reworked sheet sands on the subaqueous delta top and then retreating shoreface barrier sands as the subaerial delta top flooded. Pseudo inter-well flow tests responded to local heterogeneities in the preserved deposits. As expected, abandoned channels in the river-dominated case defined shoreline-perpendicular preferential flow paths and wave-dominated delta deposits are more locally homogeneous, but scenarios for development of more pronounced shore-parallel heterogeneity patterns for wave-influenced deltas are discussed. The results highlight the need to consider the dual clinoform nature of wave-dominated delta deposition for facies prediction and subsurface interpretation.

scholarly journals Formation of integrated structural units using the systematic and integrated method when implementing high-rise construction projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Reliability Criterion ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
The Impact

Development of design documentation for a future construction project gives rise to a number of issues with the main one being selection of manpower for structural units of the project’s overall implementation system. Well planned and competently staffed integrated structural construction units will help achieve a high level of reliability and labor productivity and avoid negative (extraordinary) situations during the construction period eventually ensuring improved project performance. Research priorities include the development of theoretical recommendations for enhancing reliability of a structural unit staffed as an integrated construction crew. The author focuses on identification of destabilizing factors affecting formation of an integrated construction crew; assessment of these destabilizing factors; based on the developed mathematical model, highlighting the impact of these factors on the integration criterion with subsequent identification of an efficiency and reliability criterion for the structural unit in general. The purpose of this article is to develop theoretical recommendations and scientific and methodological provisions of an organizational and technological nature in order to identify a reliability criterion for a structural unit based on manpower integration and productivity criteria. With this purpose in mind, complex scientific tasks have been defined requiring special research, development of corresponding provisions and recommendations based on the system analysis findings presented herein.

Micro-Scale Flow Simulations and Permeability Estimation of Cleat Networks in Coal

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
J. Busse ◽  
S. Galindo Torres ◽  
Alexander Scheuermann ◽  
L. Li ◽  
D. Bringemeier
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Boltzmann Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Experiments

Coal mining raises a number of environmental and operational challenges, including the impact of changing groundwater levels and flow patterns on adjacent aquifer and surface water systems. Therefore it is of paramount importance to fully understand the flow of water and gases in the geological system on all scales. Flow in coal seams takes place on a wide range of scales from large faults and fractures to the micro-structure of a porous matrix intersected by a characteristic cleat network. On the micro-scale these cleats provide the principal source of permeability for fluid and gas flow. Description of the behaviour of the flow within the network is challenging due to the variations in number, sizing, orientation, aperture and connectivity at a given site. This paper presents a methodology to simulate flow and investigate the permeability of fractured media. A profound characterization of the geometry of the cleat network in micrometer resolution can be derived by CT-scans. The structural information is fed into a Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) based model that allows the implementation of virtual flow experiments. With the application of suitable hydraulic boundary conditions the full permeability tensor can be calculated in 3D.

scholarly journals The use of groundwater crustacean communities as indicators for aquifers quality in the semi-arid region of north-central Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanda Iepure ◽  
Nicolas Gouin ◽  
Angeline Bertin ◽  
Ana Camacho ◽  
Antonio González-Ramón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Groundwater Temperature ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Chile has large extensions of arid and semi-arid regions throughout the whole country, where the intensive demands and use of water resources, especially groundwater for irrigations and mining activities, increased dramatically over the last decades. The aquifer depletions due to water abstraction for irrigation and nutrient loads, exert major alterations of water quality, groundwater recharge and the natural renewal rate. All these factors diminish the aquifer value for the users and contribute to the degradation of groundwater as environment and habitat for fauna. This intensive use of groundwater resources in Chile brought to significant social and economic benefits, but their inadequate management resulted in negative environmental, legal and socioeconomic consequences. In this study, we aimed at providing a first assessment of environmental alterations of groundwater ecosystems from agricultural watersheds in northern Chile by specifically evaluating the effects of nitrogen and pesticide loads on groundwater communities and identifing the ecosystem service alterations due to agricultural activities. The study has been performed in a glacial aquifer from Coquimbo region; 250 km north of Santiago de Chile, the floodplain of which is dominated by agriculture (fruits tress, vineyards). Due to low regional precipitations (100-240 mm/year) the aquifer is primarily recharged by snowmelt from the Andean chain and surface runoff. The relative groundwater levels, groundwater temperature, chemical analysis of nitrogen and total phosphorus and pesticide concentrations were examined, along with the evaluation of crustacean biodiversity and spatial distribution pattern. Stygofauna taxonomic richness and the presence of stygobites have been related more to groundwater level stability than to chemical water parameters indicating that over-exploitation has a negative impact on habitat suitability for groundwater invertebrates. Groundwater biota assessment is essential in understanding the impact produced by agriculture activities on groundwater as a resource and as ecosystem, a nexus that becomes more and more widely recognized. The rationale and the preliminary results of this study are summarized in the Suppl. material 1.

scholarly journals A modeling study of heterogeneity and surface water-groundwater interactions in the Thomas Brook catchment, Annapolis Valley (Nova Scotia, Canada)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2751-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gauthier ◽  
M. Camporese ◽  
C. Rivard ◽  
C. Paniconi ◽  
M. Larocque
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Geological Complexity ◽  
Annapolis Valley ◽  
Response Variables

Abstract. A modelling study of the impacts of subsurface heterogeneity on the hydrologic response of an 8 km2 catchment in the Annapolis Valley (Eastern Canada) is reported. The study is focused in particular on the hydraulic connection and interactions between surface water and groundwater. A coupled (1-D surface/3-D subsurface) numerical model is used to investigate, for a range of scenarios, the spatio-temporal patterns of response variables such as return flow, recharge, groundwater levels, surface saturation, and streamflow. Eight scenarios of increasing geological complexity are simulated, introducing at each step more realistic representations of the geological strata and corresponding hydraulic properties. In a ninth scenario the effects of snow accumulation and snowmelt are also considered. The results show that response variables and significant features of the catchment (e.g., springs) can be adequately reproduced using a representation of the geology and model parameter values that are based on targeted fieldwork and existing databases, and that reflect to a sufficient degree the geological and hydrological complexity of the study area. The hydraulic conductivity values of the thin surficial sediment cover (especially till) and of the North Mountain basalts emerge as key elements of the basin's heterogeneity for properly capturing the overall catchment response.

scholarly journals A plea for a novel kind of ecohydrology: the interaction between hydrological processes and - endangered or not - wildlife

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper Griffioen ◽  
Martin Wassen ◽  
Joris Cromsigt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Nature Restoration ◽  
The Impact

<p>Ecohydrology usually refers to the effects of hydrological processes on the occurrence, distribution and patterns of plants. Here, we emphasize a new kind of ecohydrology in which the effects of hydrological processes on the occurrence of – endangered or not - wildlife become addressed via the threat of its habitat or, oppositely, where the occurrence of wildlife leads to a threat of endangered fauna. We present three examples to illustrate this.</p><p>First, the habitat of the tiger in the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) at the foot of the Himalayas seems to increasingly become threatened by changes in the hydrological conditions. Grasslands in floodplains are an important part of the tiger habitat as these are the grounds where the tiger preferably hunts for deer as his prey. Disturbances of the water systems such as gravel and sand extraction from the river beds, intake of water for irrigation and hydropower production are increasingly happening and climate change may further alter the Himalayan water systems. This seems to disturb the grasslands in their hydrological and hydromorphological dynamics, which may negatively impact the density of deer, which may put additional pressure on the tiger populations in the nature reserves of the TAL.</p><p>Second, ungulates are important mammals in the grasslands and savannah of southern Africa. The water availability for these animals may alter upon climate change, including higher frequencies of droughts. Research suggests that the community composition of ungulates may alter by this. Here, the larger water-dependent grazers may be replaced by smaller, less water-dependent species.</p><p>Third, the beaver is well-known as hydrological ecosystem engineer. The beaver, therefore, has obtained some attention within the context of ecohydrology. The impact of the beaver as ecosystem engineer is, however, peculiar for nature reserves at the Belgian-Dutch border. Surface water with poor quality due to lack of appropriate sewage water treatment is running along nature reserves. The reintroduction of the beaver causes a rise in the surface and groundwater levels due to its dam-building activities. This induces an introduction of polluted surface water into the Dutch wetlands which contain a less eutrofied ecosystem than the Belgian ones that were fed by the polluted surface water. Nature restoration may thus go on the expense of nature degradation.</p><p>These examples show that the ecohydrology of wildlife is as fascinating and diverse as classical ecohydrology is.</p>

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