An evaluation of hydrometric monitoring across the Canadian pan-Arctic region, 1950–2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo J. Mlynowski ◽  
Marco A. Hernández-Henríquez ◽  
Stephen J. Déry
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Labrador Sea ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Influence Of Water

This study evaluates the hydrometric monitoring maintained within the Canadian pan-Arctic and is based on the hydrometric gauges closest to northern seas for 76 river systems throughout 1950–2008. Monitoring is quantified by compiling time series of total gauged area and discharge values from the available hydrometric records. We further evaluate the quality of hydrometric data by examining the availability of hydrometric records, the continuity of individual records, and the influence of water regulation on river systems. The maximum gauged area of the Canadian pan-Arctic was 64% in 1990 before it slowly decreased to 56% in 2008. Larger river systems typically had the most hydrometric data available, though each river system had an average of 46% of their records available. In 1998, a maximum of 22 river systems had more than 30 years of continuous records, which is the maximum attained throughout the study period. For future improvements in hydrometric monitoring, additional gauges on relatively small rivers will need to be deployed. We suggest new gauges should be implemented in the Eastern Hudson Bay, Ungava Bay and Labrador Sea basins in spite of the tremendous need for more in the Arctic Archipelago.

scholarly journals The potential of small mountain river systems for paleoenvironmental reconstructions in drylands - An example from the Binaloud Mountains in northeastern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Khosravichenar ◽  
Morteza Fattahi ◽  
Hamideh Amini ◽  
Hans von Suchodoletz
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Large River ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Fluvial Dynamics ◽  
Local Tectonics ◽  
Numerical Dating

<p>Fluvial sediments are valuable paleoenvironmental archives of the Quaternary. Since besides environmental factors they are also affected by local tectonics or intrinsic processes, large instead of small catchments should be studied. In drylands covering ca. 45% of the global terrestrial surface large river systems are generally missing, and most river systems are small rivers originating from mountain ranges. Their sediments are potentially interesting paleoenvironmental archives, but are often affected by intensive tectonics. During this study, to obtain a robust regional paleoenvironmental signal a small river system in the southwestern Binaloud Mountains in semi-arid NE Iran was exemplarily studied with a combined approach that encompassed both alluvial fan and catchment. By using geomorphological mapping and numerical dating, fluvial aggradation followed by incision was independently identified in larger areas or in different parts of the river system ca. 95–88 ka, 40 ka, 20 ka, around/after the Pleistocene/Holocene transition and possibly ca. 2.6 ka. These could be linked with regional and over-regional paleoenvironmental data. Furthermore, large boulders on the alluvial fan suggest anthropogenic destabilisation of the catchment during the last decades. Despite strong local tectonics the fluvial dynamics was mostly controlled by paleoenvironmental changes and human activity. This indicates that despite their small size, such river systems form valuable paleoenvironmental archives in drylands where other archive types are largely missing. </p>

Formation of the appearance of a promising airborne radar system for a helicopter in the Arctic region of the RF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Kanashchenkov ◽  
A.E. Ananenkov ◽  
A.M. Matveev ◽  
D.A. Okhotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Airborne Radar ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Principles Of Design ◽  
The Arctic Region

The intensification of the development of the Arctic region requires an increase in the intensity of transport support, one of the most common types of which is helicopter transport. One of the ways to improve flight safety is to equip helicopter equipment with highly informative onboard radar stations. It is necessary to justify the appearance, technical characteristics and principles of creating a promising radar system for helicopters. In this paper, the concept of building a promising airborne radar system for a helicopter in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation is proposed and considered. The main tasks are defined, on the basis of which the requirements for the technical characteristics of the complex are formulated. The variants of equipment construction based on the existing scientific and technical groundwork with the use of the basic principles of design and organization of serial production of the 4++generation are considered. The use of onboard radar systems will improve the quality of information support for pilots and will improve the safety of helicopter transport in the context of the intensification of development of the Arctic region.

scholarly journals The Potential of Small Mountain River Systems for Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions in Drylands—An Example from the Binaloud Mountains in Northeastern Iran

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Azra Khosravichenar ◽  
Morteza Fattahi ◽  
Hamideh Amini ◽  
Hans von Suchodoletz
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Large River ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Fluvial Dynamics ◽  
Local Tectonics ◽  
Numerical Dating

Fluvial sediments are valuable paleoenvironmental archives of the Quaternary. Since besides environmental factors they are also affected by local tectonics or intrinsic processes, large instead of small catchments should be studied. In drylands covering ca. 45% of the global terrestrial surface large river systems are generally missing, and most river systems are small rivers originating from mountain ranges. Their sediments are potentially interesting paleoenvironmental archives, but are often affected by intensive tectonics. During this study, to obtain a robust regional paleoenvironmental signal a small river system in the southwestern Binaloud Mountains in semi-arid NE Iran was exemplarily studied with a combined approach that encompassed both alluvial fan and catchment. By using geomorphological mapping and numerical dating, fluvial aggradation followed by incision was independently identified in larger areas or in different parts of the river system ca. 95–88 ka, 40 ka, 20 ka, around/after the Pleistocene/Holocene transition and possibly ca. 2.6 ka. These could be linked with regional and over-regional paleoenvironmental data. Furthermore, large boulders on the alluvial fan suggest anthropogenic destabilisation of the catchment during the last decades. Despite strong local tectonics the fluvial dynamics was mostly controlled by paleoenvironmental changes and human activity. This indicates that despite their small size, such river systems form valuable paleoenvironmental archives in drylands where other archive types are largely missing.

scholarly journals Inuit Knowledge of beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) foraging ecology in Nunavik (Arctic Quebec), Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 713-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Breton-Honeyman ◽  
M.O. Hammill ◽  
C.M. Furgal ◽  
B. Hickie
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Beluga Whale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Delphinapterus Leucas ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Productive Area ◽  
Inuit Knowledge ◽  
Beluga Whale Delphinapterus Leucas

The beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) is expected to be influenced by changes in the environment. In Nunavik, the Arctic region of Quebec, Nunavimmiut (Inuit of Nunavik) have depended on beluga for centuries, developing an extensive understanding of the species and its ecology. Forty semidirective interviews were conducted with Inuit hunters and Elders from four Nunavik communities, who had a range of 28–47 years of beluga hunting experience. Interviews followed an ethnocartographic format and were analyzed using a mixed methods approach. Hunters most commonly reported prey species from the sculpin (Cottidae), cod (Gadidae), salmon (Salmonidae), and crustacean families; regional variations in prey and in foraging habitat were found. Hunters identified significant changes in body condition (i.e., blubber thickness), which were associated with observations about the seasonality of feeding. The timing of fat accumulation in the late fall and winter coupled with the understanding that Hudson Bay is not known as a productive area suggest alternate hypotheses to feeding for the seasonal movements exhibited by these whales. Inuit Knowledge of beluga foraging ecology presented here provides information on diet composition and seasonality of energy intake of the beluga and can be an important component of monitoring diet composition for this species into the future. An Inuttitut version of the abstract is available ( Appendix A ).

scholarly journals Distribution and degradation of terrestrial organic matter in the sediments of peat-draining rivers, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wu ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Moritz Müller ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
River System ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Diagenetic Alteration ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

Abstract. Tropical peatlands are one of the largest pools of terrestrial organic carbon (OCterr); however, our understanding of the dynamics of OCterr in peat-draining rivers remains limited, especially in Southeast Asia. This study used bulk parameters and lignin phenols concentrations to investigate the characteristics of OCterr in a tropical peat-draining river system (the main channel of the Rajang and three smaller rivers) in the western part of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. The depleted δ13C levels and lignin composition of the organic matter indicates that the most important plant source of the organic matter in these rivers is woody angiosperm C3 plants, especially in the three small rivers sampled. The diagenetic indicator ratio (i.e., the ratio of acid to aldehyde of vanillyl phenols (Ad / Al)v) increased with decreasing mean grain size of sediment from the small rivers. The selective sorption of acid relative to aldehyde might explain the variations in the (Ad / Al)v ratio. The (Ad / Al)v ratio appears to be related to the C / N ratio (the ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen) in the Rajang and small rivers, where slower degradation of OCterr and a higher total nitrogen percentage (TN%) were observed, compared to other river systems. Most of the OCterr discharged from the Rajang and small river systems was material derived from woody angiosperm plants with limited diagenetic alteration before deposition, and so could potentially provide significant carbon to the atmosphere after degradation.

scholarly journals Use of Marine Biological Resources of the Arctic Region for Creation of Combined Fish and Vegetable Canned Pastes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kuranova ◽  
Vladimir Grokhovsky ◽  
Mihail Ershov ◽  
Anastasia Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Product Formulation ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Scientific Substantiation

The article discusses the possibility of expanding the species composition of sterilized food products through harvesting and processing of fucus algae growing in the Arctic littoral. Their rich chemical composition is shown, having a high content of such essential nutrients as polysaccharides, iodine, and water-soluble vitamins. Microbiological and toxicological studies of fucus algae F. vesiculosus and A. nodosum conducted by the authors have proved the safety and possibility of using fucus algae in food production. The article presents the results of the newly-developed manufacturing technology for canned fish pastes with vegetable components on the example of Northern blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) and the Barents Sea algae (Fucus vesiculosus). The authors worked out the technological scheme, optimized the product formulation, provided the scientific substantiation for the product sterilization regime, and evaluated the quality of the finished product. The combination of fucus properties with fish tissues enabled the authors to bring closer the solution to the problem of developing food products with a balanced nutrition formula. The functionality of the developed sterilized product based on the content of iodine, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus is shown.

scholarly journals Agrochemical and Pollution Status of Urbanized Agricultural Soils in the Central Part of Yamal Region

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4080
Author(s):  
Timur Nizamutdinov ◽  
Evgeny Abakumov ◽  
Eugeniya Morgun ◽  
Rostislav Loktev ◽  
Roman Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
The Arctic Region

This research looked at the state of soils faced with urbanization processes in the Arctic region of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District (YANAO). Soils recently used in agriculture, which are now included in the infrastructure of the cities of Salekhard, Labytnangi, Kharsaim, and Aksarka in the form of various parks and public gardens were studied. Morphological, physico-chemical, and agrochemical studies of selected soils were conducted. Significant differences in fertility parameters between urbanized abandoned agricultural soils and mature soils of the region were revealed. The quality of soil resources was also evaluated in terms of their ecotoxicology condition, namely, the concentrations of trace metals in soils were determined and their current condition was assessed using calculations of various individual and complex soil quality indices.

STORM ICE OIL WIND WAVE WATCH SYSTEM (SIOWS): WEB GIS APPLICATION FOR MONITORING THE ARCTIC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Ekaterina Balashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Watch System

Working with satellite data, has long been an issue for users which has often prevented from a wider use of these data because of Volume, Access, Format and Data Combination. The purpose of the Storm Ice Oil Wind Wave Watch System (SIOWS) developed at Satellite Oceanography Laboratory (SOLab) is to solve the main issues encountered with satellite data and to provide users with a fast and flexible tool to select and extract data within massive archives that match exactly its needs or interest improving the efficiency of the monitoring system of geophysical conditions in the Arctic. SIOWS - is a Web GIS, designed to display various satellite, model and in situ data, it uses developed at SOLab storing, processing and visualization technologies for operational and archived data. It allows synergistic analysis of both historical data and monitoring of the current state and dynamics of the "ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere" system in the Arctic region, as well as Arctic system forecasting based on thermodynamic models with satellite data assimilation.

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