Sediment transport to the Arctic Ocean and adjoining cold oceans*

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 413-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bent Hasholt ◽  
Nelly Bobrovitskaya ◽  
Jim Bogen ◽  
James McNamara ◽  
Sebastian H. Mernild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sediment Loads ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Total Sediment

This paper reviews and synthesises available information on sediment transport to the Arctic Ocean and adjoining seas with open contact to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Special emphasis is placed on calculation and estimation of the sediment flux from the mostly ungauged high Arctic areas on the American continent, in Greenland, and on islands in the Arctic Ocean, and from Russia. In the absence of reliable information on bedload fluxes for most rivers, attention is directed primarily to suspended sediment loads. By combining available monitoring data and estimates for ungauged areas, the total sediment transport to the Arctic Ocean is estimated to be 324–884 × 106 t yr−1. Of this total, a maximum of about 56% can be considered as monitored, while the rest is based on different types of estimate. It is clearly demonstrated that the monitoring network in the high Arctic is inadequate and that there is a lack of knowledge concerning the proportion of the load that actually reaches the sea, as well as bedload.

scholarly journals Accurate measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane mole fractions at the Siberian coastal site Ambarchik

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedemann Reum ◽  
Mathias Göckede ◽  
Jost V. Lavric ◽  
Olaf Kolle ◽  
Sergey Zimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Northeastern Siberia ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Abstract. Sparse data coverage in the Arctic hampers our understanding of its carbon cycle dynamics and our predictions of the fate of its vast carbon reservoirs in a changing climate. In this paper, we present accurate measurements of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 dry air mole fractions at the new atmospheric carbon observation station Ambarchik, which closes a large gap in the atmospheric trace gas monitoring network in northeastern Siberia. The site, operational since August 2014, is located near the delta of the Kolyma River at the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Data quality control of CO2 and CH4 measurements includes frequent calibrations traced to WMO scales, employment of a novel water vapor correction, an algorithm to detect influence of local polluters, and meteorological measurements that enable data selection. The available CO2 and CH4 record was characterized in comparison with in situ data from Barrow, Alaska. A footprint analysis reveals that the station is sensitive to signals from the East Siberian Sea, as well as northeast Siberian tundra and taiga regions. This makes data from Ambarchik highly valuable for inverse modeling studies aimed at constraining carbon budgets within the pan-Arctic domain, as well as for regional studies focusing on Siberia and the adjacent shelf areas of the Arctic Ocean.

scholarly journals A circumpolar perspective on fluvial sediment flux to the Arctic ocean

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-1-45-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M Holmes ◽  
James W. McClelland ◽  
Bruce J. Peterson ◽  
Igor A. Shiklomanov ◽  
Alexander I. Shiklomanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fluvial Sediment ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Redescription of Leptogyra bujnitzkii (Gorbunov, 1946) comb. nov., the first representative of the gastropod subclass Neomphaliones from the high Arctic

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4759 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-450
Author(s):  
EKATERINA N. KROL ◽  
IVAN O. NEKHAEV
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Laptev Sea ◽  
Shell Sculpture

Ganesa bujnitzkii Gorbunov, 1946 was described from the bathyal of the Arctic Ocean north to the Laptev Sea based on only two specimens, which were the only representatives of this species mentioned by Gorbunov (1946b). Galkin (1955) noted that the shell sculpture of Ganesa bujnitzkii is similar to that of Cyclostrema valvatiodes (Jeffreys, 1883), and that the radula of the G. bujnitzkii differs from other species of the genus Ganesa Jeffreys, 1883 and members of the family Trochidae. Later, based on the original description, Warén (1993) proposed that the species may belong to the genus Skenea; however, he did not examine the type specimen. This opinion was reiterated by Kantor & Sysoev (2006). 

Expanding the Cenozoic paleoceanographic record in the Central Arctic Ocean: IODP Expedition 302 Synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Backman ◽  
Kathryn Moran
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Recovered Material

AbstractThe Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) proved to be one of the most transformational missions in almost 40 year of scientific ocean drilling. ACEX recovered the first Cenozoic sedimentary sequence from the Arctic Ocean and extended earlier piston core records from ≈1.5 Ma back to ≈56 Ma. The results have had a major impact in paleoceanography even though the recovered sediments represents only 29% of Cenozoic time. The missing time intervals were primarily the result of two unexpected hiatuses. This important Cenozoic paleoceanographic record was reconstructed from a total of 339 m sediments. The wide range of analyses conducted on the recovered material, along with studies that integrated regional tectonics and geophysical data, produced surprising results including high Arctic Ocean surface water temperatures and a hydrologically active climate during the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the occurrence of a fresher water Arctic in the Eocene, ice-rafted debris as old as middle Eocene, a middle Eocene environment rife with organic carbon, and ventilation of the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic through the Fram Strait near the early-middle Miocene boundary. Taken together, these results have transformed our view of the Cenozoic Arctic Ocean and its role in the Earth climate system.

scholarly journals Microfeatures of modern sea-ice-rafted sediment and implications for paleo-sea-ice reconstructions

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (69) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen St John ◽  
Sandra Passchier ◽  
Brooke TantillO ◽  
Dennis Darby ◽  
Lance Kearns
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Discriminate Analysis ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Glacial Processes

AbstractDistinguishing sea-ice-rafted debris (SIRD) from iceberg-rafted debris is crucial to an interpretation of ice-rafting history; however, there are few paleo-sea-ice proxies. This study characterizes quartz grain microfeatures of modern SIRD from the Arctic Ocean, and compares these results with microfeatures from representative glacial deposits to potentially differentiate SIRD from ice-rafted sediments which have been recently subjected to glacial processes. This allows us to evaluate the use of grain microfeatures as a paleo-sea-ice proxy. SIRD grains were largely subrounded, with medium relief, pervasive silica dissolution and a high abundance of breakage blocks and microlayering. The glacial grains were more angular, with lower relief and higher abundances of fractures and striations/gouges. Discriminate analysis shows a distinct difference between SIRD and glacial grains, with ˂7% of the SIRD grains containing typical glacial microtextures, suggesting this method is a useful means of inferring paleo-sea-ice presence in the marine record. We propose that differences in microfeatures of SIRD and glacial ice-rafted debris reflect differences in sediment transport and weathering histories. Sediment transported to a coastal setting and later rafted by sea ice would be subject to increased chemical weathering, whereas glaciers that calve icebergs would bypass the coastal marine environment, thus preserving their glacial signature.

scholarly journals Accurate measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane mole fractions at the Siberian coastal site Ambarchik

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 5717-5740
Author(s):  
Friedemann Reum ◽  
Mathias Göckede ◽  
Jost V. Lavric ◽  
Olaf Kolle ◽  
Sergey Zimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. Sparse data coverage in the Arctic hampers our understanding of its carbon cycle dynamics and our predictions of the fate of its vast carbon reservoirs in a changing climate. In this paper, we present accurate measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) dry air mole fractions at the new atmospheric carbon observation station Ambarchik, which closes a large gap in the atmospheric trace gas monitoring network in northeastern Siberia. The site, which has been operational since August 2014, is located near the delta of the Kolyma River at the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Data quality control of CO2 and CH4 measurements includes frequent calibrations traced to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) scales, employment of a novel water vapor correction, an algorithm to detect the influence of local polluters, and meteorological measurements that enable data selection. The available CO2 and CH4 record was characterized in comparison with in situ data from Barrow, Alaska. A footprint analysis reveals that the station is sensitive to signals from the East Siberian Sea, as well as the northeast Siberian tundra and taiga regions. This makes data from Ambarchik highly valuable for inverse modeling studies aimed at constraining carbon budgets within the pan-Arctic domain, as well as for regional studies focusing on Siberia and the adjacent shelf areas of the Arctic Ocean.

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