scholarly journals Sustainable groundwater modeling using single- and multi-objective optimization algorithms

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sadeghi-Tabas ◽  
S. Z. Samadi ◽  
A. Akbarpour ◽  
M. Pourreza-Bilondi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Optimization Simulation ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Management Alternatives

This study presents the first attempt to link the multi-algorithm genetically adaptive search method (AMALGAM) with a groundwater model to define pumping rates within a well distributed set of Pareto solutions. The pumping rates along with three minimization objectives, i.e. minimizing shortage affected by the failure to supply, modified shortage index and minimization of extent of drawdown within prespecified regions, were chosen to define an optimal solution for groundwater drawdown and subsidence. Hydraulic conductivity, specific yield parameters of a modular three-dimensional finite-difference (MODFLOW) groundwater model were first optimized using Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) by minimizing the sum of absolute deviation between the observed and simulated water table depths. These parameters were then applied in AMALGAM to optimize the pumping rate variables for an arid groundwater system in Iran. The Pareto parameter sets yielded satisfactory results when maximum and minimum drawdowns of the aquifer were defined in a range of −40 to +40 cm/year. Overall, ‘Modelling – Optimization – Simulation’ procedure was capable to compute a set of optimal solutions displayed on a Pareto front. The proposed optimal solution provides sustainable groundwater management alternatives to decision makers in arid region.

scholarly journals Groundwater Single- and Multiobjective Optimization Using Harris Hawks and Multiobjective Billiards-Inspired Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
AbdolGhafour Gerey ◽  
Amirpouya Sarraf ◽  
Hassan Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Optimum Approach ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Optimum Solution

This is the first attempt to combine the Multiobjective Billiards-Inspired Optimization Algorithm (MOBOA) with groundwater modelling to determine pumping rates within a well-distributed range of Pareto options. In this study, in order to determine an optimum solution for groundwater drawdown, pumping rates were selected accompanied by three minimization objectives: minimizing shortage influenced by inability to supply, adjusted shortage index, and minimizing the degree of drawdown within predefined areas. To optimize hydraulic conductivity and specific yield parameters of a modular three-dimensional finite-difference (MODFLOW) groundwater model, the Harris Hawks optimization algorithm was used to minimize the sum of absolute deviation between observed and simulated water-table levels. MOBOA was then utilized to optimize pumping rate variables for an Iranian arid to semiarid groundwater environment using these parameters. As the study results, when the maximum and minimum aquifer drawdown was specified in the range of −40 to +40 cm/year, the Pareto parameter sets produced satisfactory results. Overall, the “Simulation-Optimization-Modelling” protocol was able to generate a series of optimal solutions that were shown on a Pareto front. The study concluded to an optimum approach that provides policy makers in the Iranian water stressed zones with safe groundwater management alternatives.

scholarly journals Coupling saturated and unsaturated flow: comparing the iterative and the non-iterative approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascha Brandhorst ◽  
Daniel Erdal ◽  
Insa Neuweiler
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Iterative Approach ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Iterative Coupling ◽  
Fully Integrated

Abstract. Fully integrated three dimensional (3D) physically based hydrologic models usually require many computational resources. For many applications, simplified models can be a cost effective alternative. 3D models of subsurface flow are often simplified by coupling a 2D groundwater model with multiple 1D models for the unsaturated zone. The crucial part of such models is the coupling between the two model compartments. In this work we compare two approaches for the coupling. One is iterative and the 1D unsaturated zone models go down to the impervious bottom of the aquifer and the other one is non-iterative and uses a moving lower boundary for the unsaturated zone. In this context we also propose a new way of treating the specific yield, which plays a crucial role in linking the unsaturated and the groundwater model. Both models are applied to three test cases with increasing complexity and analyzed in terms of accuracy and speed compared to fully integrated model runs. The non-iterative approach is faster while the iterative approach is more accurate and robust. Besides, for the iterative coupling method a calibration of the specific yield is not needed.

scholarly journals Studying the effect of design parameters on riverbank filtration performance for drinking water supply in Egypt: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Mamdouh ◽  
Rifaat Abdel Wahaab ◽  
Abdelkawi Khalifa ◽  
Ezzat Elalfy
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Ultimate Objective

Abstract Riverbank filtration (RBF) is an affordable technique to provide drinking water with adequate quality. The ultimate objective of this study is to facilitate the transferability and application of this sustainable technique in Egypt. In this work, a numerical model was constructed using Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to study the effect of four design parameters on the RBF performance parameters (i.e., river filtrate portion and travel time) with the aid of MODPATH and ZONEBUDGET. The design parameters were; (1) the pumping rates of the RBF wells, (2) number of operating wells, (3) distance between wells and the river, and (4) the spacing between wells. This study was focused on the hydraulic aspects of the technique. The results demonstrated that; (1) the river filtrate portion exceeds 75% regardless the design conditions. (2) The hydraulic performance of RBF technique is highly controlled by the production capacity of the wells and their positions relative to the surface water systems; the spacing between wells has a minimum effect. Two equations were developed to estimate the river filtrate portion and minimum travel time as functions of pumping rate and distance between the pumping well and the river.

scholarly journals Effects of 3D Printing-Line Directions for Stretchable Sensor Performances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Chi Cuong Vu ◽  
Thanh Tai Nguyen ◽  
Sangun Kim ◽  
Jooyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Times ◽  
Stretchable Sensors

Health monitoring sensors that are attached to clothing are a new trend of the times, especially stretchable sensors for human motion measurements or biological markers. However, price, durability, and performance always are major problems to be addressed and three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with conductive flexible materials (thermoplastic polyurethane) can be an optimal solution. Herein, we evaluate the effects of 3D printing-line directions (45°, 90°, 180°) on the sensor performances. Using fused filament fabrication (FDM) technology, the sensors are created with different print styles for specific purposes. We also discuss some main issues of the stretch sensors from Carbon Nanotube/Thermoplastic Polyurethane (CNT/TPU) and FDM. Our sensor achieves outstanding stability (10,000 cycles) and reliability, which are verified through repeated measurements. Its capability is demonstrated in a real application when detecting finger motion by a sensor-integrated into gloves. This paper is expected to bring contribution to the development of flexible conductive materials—based on 3D printing.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity upscaling in groundwater modeling

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1224-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhou ◽  
Liangping Li ◽  
J. Jaime Gómez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Simulation of Particle Distribution in a Separator and Structure Optimization with the Statistical Approach of Taguchi Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jinjin Liu ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Zhuofei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Surface Element ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

A three-dimensional numerical simulation combining discrete phase method (DPM) and porous media based on the theory of Euler-Lagrange has been employed to investigate particles distribution in a separator. The DPM model is applied to monitor the movement of individual particles and calculate the contact force between them in the separator. The simulation results display the migration feature of dust particles over time and the distribution of particles on the surface element in porous region and reveal that the flow field influences the distribution uniformity of the particles in porous area directly. Based on the analysis, the structure of separator is optimized by the Taguchi method. An orthogonal relation motion has been established. The optimal solution is achieved by the calculation of the weight relationship. The calculated optimal structure is evaluated by the signal to noise (SNR). The result reveals that the values of SNR in case are eligible. As a result, the research of the separator points out a useful and improvable method for the parameter optimization of structure design.

scholarly journals Simulation and Assessment of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Uses

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1877-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Rodhan Hussain ◽  
Basim Sh. Abed
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
One Year

The alluvial fan of Mandali located between latitude 30˚45’00” N longitude 45˚30’00” E in east of Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Thirty-five wells were identified in the study area with average depth of 84 m and estimated area of 21550 ha. A three-dimensional conceptual model was prepared by using GMS program. From wells cross sections, four geological layers have been identified. The hydraulic conductivity of these layers was calculated for steady state condition, where the water levels for nine wells distributed over the study area were observed at same time. Afterward, PEST facility in the GMS was used to estimate the aquifer hydraulic characteristics. Other characteristics such as storage coefficient and specific yield have been determined from one year field observations that were collected by General Authority of Groundwater, Diyala Governorate. Also, the observations were used for calibration of unsteady state model. Then wells were hypothetically redistributed and increased to 103 wells, assuming a distance of 1500 m between the wells, a well productivity rate of were 7 l/s, annual rainfall rate was used for recharging. Three different wells operating times were suggested and these 6, 12, and 18 hr/day with total discharge of 150, 300, 450 m3/day and maximum drawdown of 7, 11, and 20 m respectively. For water quality assessment, the collected groundwater samples were analysed at the laboratory.  Results showed that the TDS in all wells was ranged from 1000-3000 mg/l but TDS in well number 18 was exceeded 3000 mg/l which indicate that the groundwater in this well is not recommended to be used for irrigation. According to Iraqi standard for drink (IQS 2009), it can be used for drinking if saline treatment units were provided.

scholarly journals Complexity versus simplicity: an example of groundwater model ranking with the Akaike Information Criterion

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 9687-9714 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Engelhardt ◽  
J. G. De Aguinaga ◽  
H. Mikat ◽  
C. Schüth ◽  
O. Lenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Piezometric Head ◽  
Simulated Groundwater ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Uncalibrated Model ◽  
Piezometric Heads

Abstract. A groundwater model characterized by a lack of field data to estimate hydraulic model parameters and boundary conditions combined with many piezometric head observations was investigated concerning model uncertainty. Different conceptual models with a stepwise increase from 0 to 30 adjustable parameters were calibrated using PEST. Residuals, sensitivities, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and the likelihood of each model were computed. As expected, residuals and standard errors decreased with an increasing amount of adjustable model parameters. However, the model with only 15 adjusted parameters was evaluated by AIC as the best option with a likelihood of 98%, while the uncalibrated model obtained the worst AIC value. Computing of the AIC yielded the most important information to assess the model likelihood. Comparing only residuals of different conceptual models was less valuable and would result in an overparameterization of the conceptual model approach. Sensitivities of piezometric heads were highest for the model with five adjustable parameters reflecting also changes of extracted groundwater volumes. With increasing amount of adjustable parameters piezometric heads became less sensitive for the model calibration and changes of pumping rates were no longer displayed by the sensitivity coefficients. Therefore, when too many model parameters were adjusted, these parameters lost their impact on the model results. Additionally, using only sedimentological data to derive hydraulic parameters resulted in a large bias between measured and simulated groundwater level.

scholarly journals Large-scale groundwater modeling using global datasets: a test case for the Rhine-Meuse basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2555-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Sutanudjaja ◽  
L. P. H. van Beek ◽  
S. M. de Jong ◽  
F. C. van Geer ◽  
M. F. P. Bierkens
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Global Datasets

Abstract. Large-scale groundwater models involving aquifers and basins of multiple countries are still rare due to a lack of hydrogeological data which are usually only available in developed countries. In this study, we propose a novel approach to construct large-scale groundwater models by using global datasets that are readily available. As the test-bed, we use the combined Rhine-Meuse basin that contains groundwater head data used to verify the model output. We start by building a distributed land surface model (30 arc-second resolution) to estimate groundwater recharge and river discharge. Subsequently, a MODFLOW transient groundwater model is built and forced by the recharge and surface water levels calculated by the land surface model. Although the method that we used to couple the land surface and MODFLOW groundwater model is considered as an offline-coupling procedure (i.e. the simulations of both models were performed separately), results are promising. The simulated river discharges compare well to the observations. Moreover, based on our sensitivity analysis, in which we run several groundwater model scenarios with various hydrogeological parameter settings, we observe that the model can reproduce the observed groundwater head time series reasonably well. However, we note that there are still some limitations in the current approach, specifically because the current offline-coupling technique simplifies dynamic feedbacks between surface water levels and groundwater heads, and between soil moisture states and groundwater heads. Also the current sensitivity analysis ignores the uncertainty of the land surface model output. Despite these limitations, we argue that the results of the current model show a promise for large-scale groundwater modeling practices, including for data-poor environments and at the global scale.

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