scholarly journals An integer linear programming model to optimize the hub and spoke-based water desalinated transmission system

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-615
Author(s):  
Osama Saad Al Gahtani ◽  
Mehdi Mrad
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Desalination Plants ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Effective Transmission

Abstract Desalinated water is becoming a significant resource in many countries. With limited water supply, several high-demand sites located far from the desalination plant and an efficient and cost-effective transmission and storage network have become critical. In many areas, desalinated water is not delivered efficiently through a pipeline and storage tank system capable of providing safe and cost-effective coverage to a wide range of demand sites. In addition, due to the limitation of transmission and storage distribution, many desalination plants are unable to achieve full production capacity. Many high-demand sites are at risk of disruption or water contamination due to single-source pipelines or desalination plants. In this study, the conceptual framework for an economically viable transmission and storage system helps decision-makers to define the requirements for the proper design of the system. The definition is introduced here to describe strategic tanks for efficient and economical supply allocation. The key aspects of setting up effective transmission and storage systems were outlined in the framework presented. To develop an efficient and cost-effective transmission and storage system, an integer linear program was constructed to solve the hub and spoke issue. A hypothetical example is presented and discussed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed model.

Human Body Part Classification and Activity Recognition for Real-Time Systems

2005 ◽  
pp. 1349-1354
Author(s):  
Burak Ozer ◽  
Tiehan Lv ◽  
Wayne Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Video ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Graphics Hardware ◽  
Computational Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Time Systems ◽  
And Storage

Recent advances in camera and storage systems along with increased algorithmic and computational power of 3D graphics hardware are main factors driving the increased popularity of multicamera applications. Since prices continue to drop on components, cost-effective systems can be developed for a wide range of applications such as teleimmersion, humanoid robots systems, automated video surveillance, and interactive video games.

scholarly journals An open-source cryo-storage solution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveline Ultee ◽  
Fred Schenkel ◽  
Wen Yang ◽  
Susanne Brenzinger ◽  
Jamie S. Depelteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Structural Biology ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
And Storage

AbstractThe field of cryo-electron microscopy is a rapidly growing method in structural biology. With this development, access to cryo-EM facilities becomes a bottleneck that results in long wait times between sample preparation and data acquisition. To improve sample storage, we developed a cryo-storage system with a more efficient and larger storage capacity that enables cryo-sample storage in a highly organized manner. This system is simple to use, cost-effective and easily adaptable for any type of grid box and storage dewar and any size cryo-EM laboratory.

A Color Coded STEM/SEM Image Storage System

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Y. Kokubo ◽  
W. H. Hardy ◽  
J. Dance ◽  
K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

A color coded digital image processing is accomplished by using JEM100CX TEM SCAN and ORTEC’s LSI-11 computer based multi-channel analyzer (EEDS-II-System III) for image analysis and display. Color coding of the recorded image enables enhanced visualization of the image using mathematical techniques such as compression, gray scale expansion, gamma-processing, filtering, etc., without subjecting the sample to further electron beam irradiation once images have been stored in the memory.The powerful combination between a scanning electron microscope and computer is starting to be widely used 1) - 4) for the purpose of image processing and particle analysis. Especially, in scanning electron microscopy it is possible to get all information resulting from the interactions between the electron beam and specimen materials, by using different detectors for signals such as secondary electron, backscattered electrons, elastic scattered electrons, inelastic scattered electrons, un-scattered electrons, X-rays, etc., each of which contains specific information arising from their physical origin, study of a wide range of effects becomes possible.

2D Color-Intensity Representation of Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Measurements

2020 ◽  
pp. 1192-1198
Author(s):  
M.S. Mohammad ◽  
Tibebe Tesfaye ◽  
Kim Ki-Seong
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thickness Gauge ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Digital Readout ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Ultrasonic Thickness

Ultrasonic thickness gauges are easy to operate and reliable, and can be used to measure a wide range of thicknesses and inspect all engineering materials. Supplementing the simple ultrasonic thickness gauges that present results in either a digital readout or as an A-scan with systems that enable correlating the measured values to their positions on the inspected surface to produce a two-dimensional (2D) thickness representation can extend their benefits and provide a cost-effective alternative to expensive advanced C-scan machines. In previous work, the authors introduced a system for the positioning and mapping of the values measured by the ultrasonic thickness gauges and flaw detectors (Tesfaye et al. 2019). The system is an alternative to the systems that use mechanical scanners, encoders, and sophisticated UT machines. It used a camera to record the probe’s movement and a projected laser grid obtained by a laser pattern generator to locate the probe on the inspected surface. In this paper, a novel system is proposed to be applied to flat surfaces, in addition to overcoming the other limitations posed due to the use of the laser projection. The proposed system uses two video cameras, one to monitor the probe’s movement on the inspected surface and the other to capture the corresponding digital readout of the thickness gauge. The acquired images of the probe’s position and thickness gauge readout are processed to plot the measured data in a 2D color-coded map. The system is meant to be simpler and more effective than the previous development.

110 km cost-effective transmission experiment at 140 Mbit/s using a 1.55 μm external-cavity BH laser

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (25-26) ◽  
pp. 1222
Author(s):  
J.J. Bernard ◽  
S. Chalot ◽  
J. Mouchart ◽  
A. Doll ◽  
C. Coeurjolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Cavity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Transmission Experiment ◽  
Effective Transmission

The Future of Plasma-Based Surface Engineering Techniques in Tribology (Keynote)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Matthews ◽  
Adrian Leyland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Over the past twenty years or so, there have been major steps forward both in the understanding of tribological mechanisms and in the development of new coating and treatment techniques to better “engineer” surfaces to achieve reductions in wear and friction. Particularly in the coatings tribology field, improved techniques and theories which enable us to study and understand the mechanisms occurring at the “nano”, “micro” and “macro” scale have allowed considerable progress to be made in (for example) understanding contact mechanisms and the influence of “third bodies” [1–5]. Over the same period, we have seen the emergence of the discipline which we now call “Surface Engineering”, by which, ideally, a bulk material (the ‘substrate’) and a coating are combined in a way that provides a cost-effective performance enhancement of which neither would be capable without the presence of the other. It is probably fair to say that the emergence and recognition of Surface Engineering as a field in its own right has been driven largely by the availability of “plasma”-based coating and treatment processes, which can provide surface properties which were previously unachievable. In particular, plasma-assisted (PA) physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques, allowing wear-resistant ceramic thin films such as titanium nitride (TiN) to be deposited on a wide range of industrial tooling, gave a step-change in industrial productivity and manufactured product quality, and caught the attention of engineers due to the remarkable cost savings and performance improvements obtained. Subsequently, so-called 2nd- and 3rd-generation ceramic coatings (with multilayered or nanocomposite structures) have recently been developed [6–9], to further extend tool performance — the objective typically being to increase coating hardness further, or extend hardness capabilities to higher temperatures.

scholarly journals Gamma models for estimating the odds ratio for a skewed biomarker measured in pools and subject to errors

Biostatistics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dane R Van Domelen ◽  
Emily M Mitchell ◽  
Neil J Perkins ◽  
Enrique F Schisterman ◽  
Amita K Manatunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ratio Estimation ◽  
Statistical Efficiency ◽  
Function Model ◽  
Processing Error ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pooled Samples

SUMMARYMeasuring a biomarker in pooled samples from multiple cases or controls can lead to cost-effective estimation of a covariate-adjusted odds ratio, particularly for expensive assays. But pooled measurements may be affected by assay-related measurement error (ME) and/or pooling-related processing error (PE), which can induce bias if ignored. Building on recently developed methods for a normal biomarker subject to additive errors, we present two related estimators for a right-skewed biomarker subject to multiplicative errors: one based on logistic regression and the other based on a Gamma discriminant function model. Applied to a reproductive health dataset with a right-skewed cytokine measured in pools of size 1 and 2, both methods suggest no association with spontaneous abortion. The fitted models indicate little ME but fairly severe PE, the latter of which is much too large to ignore. Simulations mimicking these data with a non-unity odds ratio confirm validity of the estimators and illustrate how PE can detract from pooling-related gains in statistical efficiency. These methods address a key issue associated with the homogeneous pools study design and should facilitate valid odds ratio estimation at a lower cost in a wide range of scenarios.

Artificial intelligence-based nonlinear control of renewable energies and storage system in a DC microgrid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Shafia Zehra ◽  
Aqeel Ur Rahman ◽  
Hammad Armghan ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Umme Ammara
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Nonlinear Control ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals New general mixed-integer linear programming model for mobile workforce management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Éles ◽  
István Heckl ◽  
Heriberto Cabezas
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Parallel Execution ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Workforce Management ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractA mathematical model is introduced to solve a mobile workforce management problem. In such a problem there are a number of tasks to be executed at different locations by various teams. For example, when an electricity utility company has to deal with planned system upgrades and damages caused by storms. The aim is to determine the schedule of the teams in such a way that the overall cost is minimal. The mobile workforce management problem involves scheduling. The following questions should be answered: when to perform a task, how to route vehicles—the vehicle routing problem—and the order the sites should be visited and by which teams. These problems are already complex in themselves. This paper proposes an integrated mathematical programming model formulation, which, by the assignment of its binary variables, can be easily included in heuristic algorithmic frameworks. In the problem specification, a wide range of parameters can be set. This includes absolute and expected time windows for tasks, packing and unpacking in case of team movement, resource utilization, relations between tasks such as precedence, mutual exclusion or parallel execution, and team-dependent travelling and execution times and costs. To make the model able to solve larger problems, an algorithmic framework is also implemented which can be used to find heuristic solutions in acceptable time. This latter solution method can be used as an alternative. Computational performance is examined through a series of test cases in which the most important factors are scaled.

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