Evaluation of Microbial Risk Assessment Techniques and Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (0) ◽  
pp. 9781780404141-9781780404141
Author(s):  
J. A. Soller ◽  
A. W. Olivieri ◽  
J. N. S. Eisenberg ◽  
R. Sakajii ◽  
R. Danielson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Assessment Techniques

The Application of Risk Assessment Techniques to Microbial Monitoring Data: A South African Perspective

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rodda ◽  
A. Amory ◽  
R. Kfir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Daily Risk ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Treated Drinking Water

The feasibility of applying microbial risk assessment techniques in South Africa was evaluated by assessing risks associated with enteric viruses in raw and treated drinking water. Maximum daily risks associated with treated drinking water were in the range 2×10−2 − 7×10−1. If levels of viruses in treated drinking water were approximated from those in raw water by assuming reductions during treatmentof 4 log, Slog and 6 log, maximum daily risk estimates were 4×10−2 - 4×10−1, 5×10−3 - 1×10−1 and 5×10−4 - 1×10−2, respectively. A number of complicating factors were identified. Detection limits were high and volumes of water monitored were low. There was no information on viral pathogen removal during treatment. Application of risk assessment techniques within these limitations clearly showed the volume of water monitored to be the most important factor limiting detection of low risk levels. The sampling and concentration of large water volumes (at least 100ℓ) for microbial analysis was identified as an urgent need.

Enteric virus presence in green vegetables and associated irrigation waters in a rural area from Argentina. A quantitative microbial risk assessment

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 111201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prez Verónica Emilse ◽  
Victoria Matías ◽  
Martínez Laura Cecilia ◽  
Giordano Miguel Oscar ◽  
Masachessi Gisela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Irrigation Waters

Risk assessment of waterborne protozoa: current status and future trends

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. GIBSON ◽  
C. N. HAAS ◽  
J. B. ROSE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Chemical Risk Assessment ◽  
Low Levels

Throughout the past decade much research has been directed towards identifying the occurrence, epidemiology, and risks associated with waterborne protozoa. While outbreaks are continually documented, sporadic cases of disease associated with exposure to low levels of waterborne protozoa are of increasing concern. Current methodologies may not be sensitive enough to define these low levels of disease. However, risk assessment methods may be utilised to address these low level contamination events. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to microbial risk assessment for waterborne protozoa. Risk assessment is a useful tool for evaluating relative risks and can be used for development of policies to decrease risks. Numerous studies have been published on risk assessment methods for pathogenic protozoa including Cryptosporidium and Giardia. One common notion prevails: microbial risk assessment presents interesting complications to the traditional chemical risk assessment paradigm. Single microbial exposures (non-threshold) are capable of causing symptomatic illness unlike traditional chemical exposures, which require a threshold to be reached. Due to the lack of efficient recovery and detection methods for protozoa, we may be underestimating the occurrence, concentration and distribution of these pathogenic micro-organisms. To better utilize the tool of microbial risk assessment for risk management practices, future research should focus in the area of exposure assessment.

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